See cham in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "dżentelmen"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "szlachcic"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "arystokrata"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "magnat"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polski (indeks)",
"orig": "polski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"pol. Cham; od imienia biblijnego Chama (jednego z synów Noego)"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "chamy",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chama",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamów",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamowi",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamom",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chama",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamów",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamy",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamem",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamami",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamie",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamach",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamie",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamy",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chami",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"depreciative",
"nominative",
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"word": "cham i prostak"
},
{
"word": "przysłowie: kto wyjdzie z chama na pana, niema gorszego gałgana"
}
],
"raw_tags": [
"męskoosobowy",
"lub"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"neuter"
],
"word": "chamstwo"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "chamienie"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schamienie"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odchamianie"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odchamienie"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chamskość"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forma żeńska chamka"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chamica"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chamówa"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chamówka"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chamek"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chamuś"
},
{
"tags": [
"augmentative",
"neuter"
],
"word": "chamidło"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "chamisko"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"czas.",
"ndk."
],
"word": "chamieć"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"dk."
],
"word": "schamieć"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"ndk."
],
"word": "odchamiać"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"dk."
],
"word": "odchamić"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "chamski"
},
{
"word": "chamowaty"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "chamsko"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Ten cham nawet się ze mną nie przywitał!"
}
],
"glosses": [
"osoba, która zachowuje się bezczelnie, ordynarnie, nie przestrzega podstawowych norm"
],
"id": "pl-cham-pl-noun-jIT9eIdJ",
"raw_tags": [
"obraź."
],
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"pejorative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Cham powinien słuchać swojego pana, bo po to się urodził!"
}
],
"glosses": [
"człowiek niskiego stanu, chłop, parobek"
],
"id": "pl-cham-pl-noun-ZhwKvrhd",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"scornfully"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "xãm"
},
{
"ipa": "χãm",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "Pl-cham.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/Pl-cham.ogg/Pl-cham.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-cham.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "bamber"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "burak"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "barbarzyńca"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "burek"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "chamidło"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "chamisko"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "chamskie nasienie"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "chamuś"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "gw. lwow. ćmok"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "gbur"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "gburzysko"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "grubianin"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "jaskiniowiec"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kałmuk"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "nieokrzesaniec"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "ordynus"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "parobas"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "plebejusz"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "prostak"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "prymityw"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "troglodyta"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "żłób"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "plebejusz"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "prostak"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "lout"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "cad"
},
{
"lang": "białoruski",
"lang_code": "be",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хам"
},
{
"lang": "duński",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "bonderøv"
},
{
"lang": "duński",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "grobrian"
},
{
"lang": "hebrajski",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "gas ruach",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גס רוח"
},
{
"lang": "jidysz",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "cham",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "כאַם"
},
{
"lang": "jidysz",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "grober fligl",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גראָבער פֿליגל"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cham"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nipòcnik"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nipòcoch"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "niegòdzëjôsz"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "niegòdzywc"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprostôk"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rüpel"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grobian"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Lümmel"
},
{
"lang": "rosyjski",
"lang_code": "ru",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хам"
},
{
"lang": "ukraiński",
"lang_code": "uk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хам"
},
{
"lang": "wilamowski",
"lang_code": "wym",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "priöestok"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cafone"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zoticone"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "screanzato"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "villano"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"reg."
],
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burino"
},
{
"lang": "białoruski",
"lang_code": "be",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хам"
},
{
"lang": "duński",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "bonde"
},
{
"lang": "jidysz",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "cham",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "כאַם"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "cham"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bauer"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cafone"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burino"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "villano"
}
],
"word": "cham"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "dżentelmen"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "szlachcic"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "arystokrata"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "magnat"
}
],
"categories": [
"polski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"pol. Cham; od imienia biblijnego Chama (jednego z synów Noego)"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "chamy",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chama",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamów",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamowi",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamom",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chama",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamów",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamy",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamem",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamami",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamie",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamach",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamie",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamy",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chami",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"depreciative",
"nominative",
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"proverbs": [
{
"word": "cham i prostak"
},
{
"word": "przysłowie: kto wyjdzie z chama na pana, niema gorszego gałgana"
}
],
"raw_tags": [
"męskoosobowy",
"lub"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"neuter"
],
"word": "chamstwo"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "chamienie"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schamienie"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odchamianie"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odchamienie"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chamskość"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forma żeńska chamka"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chamica"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chamówa"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chamówka"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chamek"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chamuś"
},
{
"tags": [
"augmentative",
"neuter"
],
"word": "chamidło"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "chamisko"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"czas.",
"ndk."
],
"word": "chamieć"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"dk."
],
"word": "schamieć"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"ndk."
],
"word": "odchamiać"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"dk."
],
"word": "odchamić"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "chamski"
},
{
"word": "chamowaty"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "chamsko"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Ten cham nawet się ze mną nie przywitał!"
}
],
"glosses": [
"osoba, która zachowuje się bezczelnie, ordynarnie, nie przestrzega podstawowych norm"
],
"raw_tags": [
"obraź."
],
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"pejorative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Cham powinien słuchać swojego pana, bo po to się urodził!"
}
],
"glosses": [
"człowiek niskiego stanu, chłop, parobek"
],
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"scornfully"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "xãm"
},
{
"ipa": "χãm",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "Pl-cham.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/Pl-cham.ogg/Pl-cham.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-cham.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "bamber"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "burak"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "barbarzyńca"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "burek"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "chamidło"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "chamisko"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "chamskie nasienie"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "chamuś"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "gw. lwow. ćmok"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "gbur"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "gburzysko"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "grubianin"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "jaskiniowiec"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kałmuk"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "nieokrzesaniec"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "ordynus"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "parobas"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "plebejusz"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "prostak"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "prymityw"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "troglodyta"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "żłób"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "plebejusz"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "prostak"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "lout"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "cad"
},
{
"lang": "białoruski",
"lang_code": "be",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хам"
},
{
"lang": "duński",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "bonderøv"
},
{
"lang": "duński",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "grobrian"
},
{
"lang": "hebrajski",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "gas ruach",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גס רוח"
},
{
"lang": "jidysz",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "cham",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "כאַם"
},
{
"lang": "jidysz",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "grober fligl",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גראָבער פֿליגל"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cham"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nipòcnik"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nipòcoch"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "niegòdzëjôsz"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "niegòdzywc"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sprostôk"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rüpel"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grobian"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Lümmel"
},
{
"lang": "rosyjski",
"lang_code": "ru",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хам"
},
{
"lang": "ukraiński",
"lang_code": "uk",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хам"
},
{
"lang": "wilamowski",
"lang_code": "wym",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "priöestok"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cafone"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zoticone"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "screanzato"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "villano"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"reg."
],
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burino"
},
{
"lang": "białoruski",
"lang_code": "be",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хам"
},
{
"lang": "duński",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"common"
],
"word": "bonde"
},
{
"lang": "jidysz",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "cham",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "כאַם"
},
{
"lang": "kaszubski",
"lang_code": "csb",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "cham"
},
{
"lang": "niemiecki",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bauer"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cafone"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burino"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "villano"
}
],
"word": "cham"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cham meaning in język polski (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable język polski dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the plwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.