"chleb" meaning in All languages combined

See chleb on Wiktionary

Noun [język polski]

IPA: xlɛp, χlep [Slavic-alphabet] Audio: Pl-chleb.ogg , LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav
Forms: chleba [genitive, singular], chlebowi [dative, singular], chlebem [instrumental, singular], chlebie [locative, singular], chlebie [vocative, singular], chleby [nominative, plural], chlebów [genitive, plural], chlebom [dative, plural], chleby [accusative, plural], chlebami [instrumental, plural], chlebach [locative, plural], chleby [vocative, plural]
  1. pieczywo z mąki, wody, z dodatkiem drożdży lub zakwasu
    Sense id: pl-chleb-pl-noun-4vht13Sk
  2. sposób zarabiania na życie, zawód, źródło utrzymania Tags: metaphoric
    Sense id: pl-chleb-pl-noun-EA57Sn5Z
  3. wódka Tags: colloquial
    Sense id: pl-chleb-pl-noun-JIDeCRR7
  4. żywność Tags: Old-Polish
    Sense id: pl-chleb-pl-noun-oNihl0D6
  5. żyto Tags: Old-Polish
    Sense id: pl-chleb-pl-noun-YBa5Jfyd
  6. zboże Tags: Old-Polish
    Sense id: pl-chleb-pl-noun-39fSp24n
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: pieczywo, gw. (Górny Śląsk) chlyb Hyponyms: hostia, maca, opłatek, podpłomyk, pumpernikiel, żulik Translations: ача (abchaski), abôn (abenaki), pkuazigan (abenaki), gaqambo (afar), bukë [feminine] (albański), bread (angielski), خبز (ḫubz) [masculine] (arabski), pan (aragoński), чед (awarski), ogi (baskijski), хлеб [masculine] (białoruski), bara [masculine] (bretoński), хляб [masculine] (bułgarski), kruh [masculine] (chorwacki), chléb [masculine] (czeski), chleba [masculine] (czeski), klěb [masculine] (dolnołużycki), brød [neuter] (duński), pano (esperanto), leib (estoński), leipä (fiński), pain [masculine] (francuski), bôle (fryzyjski), brea (fryzyjski), chlěb [masculine] (górnołużycki), palaoa (hawajski), לחם (lechem) [masculine] (hebrajski), राेटी [feminine] (hindi), ब्रेड [masculine] (hindi), beredi (hiri motu), palaoa (hiri motu), pan [masculine] (hiszpański), pano (ido), roti (indonezyjski), roti tawar (indonezyjski), pan (interlingua), brauð [neuter] (islandzki), パン (pan) (japoński), ברויט (brojt) [neuter] (jidysz), ברויט (brojt) [neuter] (jidysz), burẹdi (joruba), ӧтьмяк (karaimski), chléb (kaszubski), pa [masculine] (kataloński), 빵 (ppang) (koreański), duona [feminine] (litewski), леб [masculine] (macedoński), roti (malajski), кинде (maryjski), сыкыр (maryjski), brood [neuter] (niderlandzki), Brot [neuter] (niemiecki), brød [neuter] (norweski (bokmål)), brød [neuter] (norweski (nynorsk)), ψωμί [neuter] (nowogrecki), հաց (ormiański), pão [masculine] (portugalski), paun [masculine] (romansz), хлеб [masculine] (rosyjski), pâine [feminine] (rumuński), klæba (russenorsk), falaoa (samoański), रोटी (sanskryt), хлеб [masculine] (serbski), chingwa (shona), mkate (suahili), bröd [neuter] (szwedzki), chlieb [masculine] (słowacki), paun (tetum), bret (tok pisin), ekmek (turecki), falaoa (tuvalu), хліб [masculine] (ukraiński), bánh mì (wietnamski), brut [neuter] (wilamowski), brūt [neuter] (wilamowski), kenyér (węgierski), pane [masculine] (włoski), panis [masculine] (łaciński), pane [masculine] (łaciński), maize [feminine] (łotewski)
Categories (other): Polski (indeks) Related terms: bochenek, kromka chleba, świeży, czerstwy chleb, suchy chleb, chleb z masłem, biały, czarny chleb, przaśny chleb, chleb na zakwasie, chleb razowy, pytlowy, sitkowy, pełnoziarnisty, chleb borodiński, borodyński, moskiewski, baltonowski, chleb żytni, pszenny, chlebak [noun, masculine, inanimate], chlebnica [feminine], chlebaszek [diminutive, masculine, inanimate], chlebek [masculine, inanimate], chlebuś [masculine, inanimate], chlebowy [adjective], chlebny
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Polski (indeks)",
      "orig": "polski (indeks)",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "prasł. *chlěbъ < germ. *hlaiba, swn. hlaib < goc. hlaifs → pieczywo; por. niem. Laib"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chleba",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebowi",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebem",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebie",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebie",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "vocative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebów",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebom",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebami",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebach",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "vocative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "hostia"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "maca"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "opłatek"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "podpłomyk"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pumpernikiel"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "żulik"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "język polski",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "notes": [
    {
      "text": "wyraz ogólnosłowiański"
    },
    {
      "text": "zob. też chleb w Wikicytatach"
    }
  ],
  "pos": "noun",
  "pos_text": "rzeczownik",
  "proverbs": [
    {
      "word": "chleb pokładny"
    },
    {
      "word": "chleb powszedni"
    },
    {
      "word": "chlebem i solą"
    },
    {
      "word": "ciężki kawałek chleba"
    },
    {
      "word": "lekki chleb"
    },
    {
      "word": "łatwy chleb"
    },
    {
      "word": "na łaskawym chlebie"
    },
    {
      "word": "o chlebie i wodzie"
    },
    {
      "word": "przysłowia: głodnemu chleb na myśli"
    },
    {
      "word": "głodnemu chleb zawsze lepiej smakuje"
    },
    {
      "word": "kawałek chleba nie spadnie z nieba"
    },
    {
      "word": "lepiej mi kawałek chleba smakuje, kiedy go z kim dzielę"
    },
    {
      "word": "jęczmienny chleb nie głód, zgrzebna koszula nie nagota"
    },
    {
      "word": "u wdowy chleb gotowy"
    },
    {
      "word": "zobacz też: przysłowia o chlebie"
    }
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "bochenek"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "kromka chleba"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "świeży"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "czerstwy chleb"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "suchy chleb"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chleb z masłem"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "biały"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "czarny chleb"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "przaśny chleb"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chleb na zakwasie"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chleb razowy"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pytlowy"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "sitkowy"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pełnoziarnisty"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chleb borodiński"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "borodyński"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "moskiewski"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "baltonowski"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chleb żytni"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pszenny"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "noun",
        "masculine",
        "inanimate"
      ],
      "word": "chlebak"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "chlebnica"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "masculine",
        "inanimate"
      ],
      "word": "chlebaszek"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "inanimate"
      ],
      "word": "chlebek"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "inanimate"
      ],
      "word": "chlebuś"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "chlebowy"
    },
    {
      "word": "chlebny"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "To oburzające, żeby w piekarni nie było świeżego chleba!"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pieczywo z mąki, wody, z dodatkiem drożdży lub zakwasu"
      ],
      "id": "pl-chleb-pl-noun-4vht13Sk",
      "sense_index": "1.1"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Sklepikarze skarżą się na supermarkety, że im chleb odbierają."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sposób zarabiania na życie, zawód, źródło utrzymania"
      ],
      "id": "pl-chleb-pl-noun-EA57Sn5Z",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "metaphoric"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "wódka"
      ],
      "id": "pl-chleb-pl-noun-JIDeCRR7",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "żywność"
      ],
      "id": "pl-chleb-pl-noun-oNihl0D6",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "Old-Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "żyto"
      ],
      "id": "pl-chleb-pl-noun-YBa5Jfyd",
      "sense_index": "1.5",
      "tags": [
        "Old-Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "zboże"
      ],
      "id": "pl-chleb-pl-noun-39fSp24n",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "Old-Polish"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "xlɛp"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "χlep",
      "tags": [
        "Slavic-alphabet"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Pl-chleb.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/af/Pl-chleb.ogg/Pl-chleb.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-chleb.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav.ogg",
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pieczywo"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "gw. (Górny Śląsk) chlyb"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "inanimate",
    "masculine"
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "abchaski",
      "lang_code": "ab",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ача"
    },
    {
      "lang": "abenaki",
      "lang_code": "abe",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "abôn"
    },
    {
      "lang": "abenaki",
      "lang_code": "abe",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pkuazigan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "afar",
      "lang_code": "aa",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "gaqambo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "albański",
      "lang_code": "sq",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bukë"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "bread"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "roman": "ḫubz",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "خبز"
    },
    {
      "lang": "aragoński",
      "lang_code": "an",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "awarski",
      "lang_code": "av",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "чед"
    },
    {
      "lang": "baskijski",
      "lang_code": "eu",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ogi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "białoruski",
      "lang_code": "be",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "хлеб"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bretoński",
      "lang_code": "br",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bara"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bułgarski",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "хляб"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chorwacki",
      "lang_code": "hr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kruh"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chléb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chleba"
    },
    {
      "lang": "dolnołużycki",
      "lang_code": "dsb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "klěb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brød"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pano"
    },
    {
      "lang": "estoński",
      "lang_code": "et",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "leib"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fiński",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "leipä"
    },
    {
      "lang": "francuski",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pain"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fryzyjski",
      "lang_code": "fy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "bôle"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fryzyjski",
      "lang_code": "fy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "brea"
    },
    {
      "lang": "górnołużycki",
      "lang_code": "hsb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chlěb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hawajski",
      "lang_code": "haw",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "palaoa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hebrajski",
      "lang_code": "he",
      "roman": "lechem",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "לחם"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hindi",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "राेटी"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hindi",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ब्रेड"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hiri motu",
      "lang_code": "ho",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "beredi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hiri motu",
      "lang_code": "ho",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "palaoa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hiszpański",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ido",
      "lang_code": "io",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pano"
    },
    {
      "lang": "indonezyjski",
      "lang_code": "id",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "roti"
    },
    {
      "lang": "indonezyjski",
      "lang_code": "id",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "roti tawar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "interlingua",
      "lang_code": "ia",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brauð"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "pan",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "パン"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "brojt",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ברויט"
    },
    {
      "lang": "joruba",
      "lang_code": "yo",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "burẹdi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "karaimski",
      "lang_code": "kdr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ӧтьмяк"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kaszubski",
      "lang_code": "csb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chléb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kataloński",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "koreański",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "ppang",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "빵"
    },
    {
      "lang": "litewski",
      "lang_code": "lt",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "duona"
    },
    {
      "lang": "łaciński",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "panis"
    },
    {
      "lang": "łaciński",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pane"
    },
    {
      "lang": "łotewski",
      "lang_code": "lv",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "maize"
    },
    {
      "lang": "macedoński",
      "lang_code": "mk",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "леб"
    },
    {
      "lang": "malajski",
      "lang_code": "ms",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "roti"
    },
    {
      "lang": "maryjski",
      "lang_code": "chm",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "кинде"
    },
    {
      "lang": "maryjski",
      "lang_code": "chm",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "сыкыр"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niderlandzki",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brood"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Brot"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (bokmål)",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brød"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (nynorsk)",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brød"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ψωμί"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ormiański",
      "lang_code": "hy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "հաց"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pão"
    },
    {
      "lang": "romansz",
      "lang_code": "roh",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "paun"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "хлеб"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rumuński",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "pâine"
    },
    {
      "lang": "russenorsk",
      "lang_code": "crp-rsn",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "klæba"
    },
    {
      "lang": "samoański",
      "lang_code": "sm",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "falaoa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "sanskryt",
      "lang_code": "sa",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "रोटी"
    },
    {
      "lang": "serbski",
      "lang_code": "sr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "хлеб"
    },
    {
      "lang": "shona",
      "lang_code": "sn",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chingwa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "słowacki",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chlieb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "suahili",
      "lang_code": "sw",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "mkate"
    },
    {
      "lang": "szwedzki",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "bröd"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tetum",
      "lang_code": "tet",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "paun"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tok pisin",
      "lang_code": "tpi",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "bret"
    },
    {
      "lang": "turecki",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ekmek"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tuvalu",
      "lang_code": "tvl",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "falaoa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ukraiński",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "хліб"
    },
    {
      "lang": "węgierski",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "kenyér"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wietnamski",
      "lang_code": "vi",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "bánh mì"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wilamowski",
      "lang_code": "wym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brut"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wilamowski",
      "lang_code": "wym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brūt"
    },
    {
      "lang": "włoski",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pane"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "brojt",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ברויט"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chleb"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "polski (indeks)"
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "prasł. *chlěbъ < germ. *hlaiba, swn. hlaib < goc. hlaifs → pieczywo; por. niem. Laib"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chleba",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebowi",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebem",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebie",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebie",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "vocative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebów",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebom",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebami",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebach",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "vocative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "hostia"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "maca"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "opłatek"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "podpłomyk"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pumpernikiel"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "żulik"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "język polski",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "notes": [
    {
      "text": "wyraz ogólnosłowiański"
    },
    {
      "text": "zob. też chleb w Wikicytatach"
    }
  ],
  "pos": "noun",
  "pos_text": "rzeczownik",
  "proverbs": [
    {
      "word": "chleb pokładny"
    },
    {
      "word": "chleb powszedni"
    },
    {
      "word": "chlebem i solą"
    },
    {
      "word": "ciężki kawałek chleba"
    },
    {
      "word": "lekki chleb"
    },
    {
      "word": "łatwy chleb"
    },
    {
      "word": "na łaskawym chlebie"
    },
    {
      "word": "o chlebie i wodzie"
    },
    {
      "word": "przysłowia: głodnemu chleb na myśli"
    },
    {
      "word": "głodnemu chleb zawsze lepiej smakuje"
    },
    {
      "word": "kawałek chleba nie spadnie z nieba"
    },
    {
      "word": "lepiej mi kawałek chleba smakuje, kiedy go z kim dzielę"
    },
    {
      "word": "jęczmienny chleb nie głód, zgrzebna koszula nie nagota"
    },
    {
      "word": "u wdowy chleb gotowy"
    },
    {
      "word": "zobacz też: przysłowia o chlebie"
    }
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "bochenek"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "kromka chleba"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "świeży"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "czerstwy chleb"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "suchy chleb"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chleb z masłem"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "biały"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "czarny chleb"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "przaśny chleb"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chleb na zakwasie"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chleb razowy"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pytlowy"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "sitkowy"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pełnoziarnisty"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chleb borodiński"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "borodyński"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "moskiewski"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "baltonowski"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chleb żytni"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pszenny"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "noun",
        "masculine",
        "inanimate"
      ],
      "word": "chlebak"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "chlebnica"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "masculine",
        "inanimate"
      ],
      "word": "chlebaszek"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "inanimate"
      ],
      "word": "chlebek"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "inanimate"
      ],
      "word": "chlebuś"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "chlebowy"
    },
    {
      "word": "chlebny"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "To oburzające, żeby w piekarni nie było świeżego chleba!"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pieczywo z mąki, wody, z dodatkiem drożdży lub zakwasu"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.1"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Sklepikarze skarżą się na supermarkety, że im chleb odbierają."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sposób zarabiania na życie, zawód, źródło utrzymania"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "metaphoric"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "wódka"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "żywność"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "Old-Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "żyto"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.5",
      "tags": [
        "Old-Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "zboże"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "Old-Polish"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "xlɛp"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "χlep",
      "tags": [
        "Slavic-alphabet"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Pl-chleb.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/af/Pl-chleb.ogg/Pl-chleb.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-chleb.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav.ogg",
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-chleb.wav"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pieczywo"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "gw. (Górny Śląsk) chlyb"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "inanimate",
    "masculine"
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "abchaski",
      "lang_code": "ab",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ача"
    },
    {
      "lang": "abenaki",
      "lang_code": "abe",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "abôn"
    },
    {
      "lang": "abenaki",
      "lang_code": "abe",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pkuazigan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "afar",
      "lang_code": "aa",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "gaqambo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "albański",
      "lang_code": "sq",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bukë"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "bread"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "roman": "ḫubz",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "خبز"
    },
    {
      "lang": "aragoński",
      "lang_code": "an",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "awarski",
      "lang_code": "av",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "чед"
    },
    {
      "lang": "baskijski",
      "lang_code": "eu",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ogi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "białoruski",
      "lang_code": "be",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "хлеб"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bretoński",
      "lang_code": "br",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bara"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bułgarski",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "хляб"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chorwacki",
      "lang_code": "hr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kruh"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chléb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chleba"
    },
    {
      "lang": "dolnołużycki",
      "lang_code": "dsb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "klěb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brød"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pano"
    },
    {
      "lang": "estoński",
      "lang_code": "et",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "leib"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fiński",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "leipä"
    },
    {
      "lang": "francuski",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pain"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fryzyjski",
      "lang_code": "fy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "bôle"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fryzyjski",
      "lang_code": "fy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "brea"
    },
    {
      "lang": "górnołużycki",
      "lang_code": "hsb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chlěb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hawajski",
      "lang_code": "haw",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "palaoa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hebrajski",
      "lang_code": "he",
      "roman": "lechem",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "לחם"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hindi",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "राेटी"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hindi",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ब्रेड"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hiri motu",
      "lang_code": "ho",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "beredi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hiri motu",
      "lang_code": "ho",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "palaoa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hiszpański",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ido",
      "lang_code": "io",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pano"
    },
    {
      "lang": "indonezyjski",
      "lang_code": "id",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "roti"
    },
    {
      "lang": "indonezyjski",
      "lang_code": "id",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "roti tawar"
    },
    {
      "lang": "interlingua",
      "lang_code": "ia",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "pan"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brauð"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "pan",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "パン"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "brojt",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ברויט"
    },
    {
      "lang": "joruba",
      "lang_code": "yo",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "burẹdi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "karaimski",
      "lang_code": "kdr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ӧтьмяк"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kaszubski",
      "lang_code": "csb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chléb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kataloński",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "koreański",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "ppang",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "빵"
    },
    {
      "lang": "litewski",
      "lang_code": "lt",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "duona"
    },
    {
      "lang": "łaciński",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "panis"
    },
    {
      "lang": "łaciński",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pane"
    },
    {
      "lang": "łotewski",
      "lang_code": "lv",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "maize"
    },
    {
      "lang": "macedoński",
      "lang_code": "mk",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "леб"
    },
    {
      "lang": "malajski",
      "lang_code": "ms",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "roti"
    },
    {
      "lang": "maryjski",
      "lang_code": "chm",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "кинде"
    },
    {
      "lang": "maryjski",
      "lang_code": "chm",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "сыкыр"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niderlandzki",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brood"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Brot"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (bokmål)",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brød"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (nynorsk)",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brød"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ψωμί"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ormiański",
      "lang_code": "hy",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "հաց"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pão"
    },
    {
      "lang": "romansz",
      "lang_code": "roh",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "paun"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "хлеб"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rumuński",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "pâine"
    },
    {
      "lang": "russenorsk",
      "lang_code": "crp-rsn",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "klæba"
    },
    {
      "lang": "samoański",
      "lang_code": "sm",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "falaoa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "sanskryt",
      "lang_code": "sa",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "रोटी"
    },
    {
      "lang": "serbski",
      "lang_code": "sr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "хлеб"
    },
    {
      "lang": "shona",
      "lang_code": "sn",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "chingwa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "słowacki",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chlieb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "suahili",
      "lang_code": "sw",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "mkate"
    },
    {
      "lang": "szwedzki",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "bröd"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tetum",
      "lang_code": "tet",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "paun"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tok pisin",
      "lang_code": "tpi",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "bret"
    },
    {
      "lang": "turecki",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ekmek"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tuvalu",
      "lang_code": "tvl",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "falaoa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ukraiński",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "хліб"
    },
    {
      "lang": "węgierski",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "kenyér"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wietnamski",
      "lang_code": "vi",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "bánh mì"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wilamowski",
      "lang_code": "wym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brut"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wilamowski",
      "lang_code": "wym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brūt"
    },
    {
      "lang": "włoski",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pane"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "brojt",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ברויט"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chleb"
}

Download raw JSONL data for chleb meaning in All languages combined (12.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-10-17 from the plwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (1fa2fea and a709d4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.