See -en in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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{
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{
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"text": "given"
},
{
"text": "rotten"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffixe flexionnel pour former le participe passé de certains verbes irréguliers."
],
"id": "fr--en-en-suffix-T9z8Phkn"
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "Exemples en anglais",
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{
"ref": "László Budai, English syntax: (theory and practice), 1986,ISBN 9789631795585, p. 11",
"text": "In all regular verbs the past tense (V-ed) and the past participle (V-en) are formed by adding [d/t/ɪd], in spelling -(e)d to the infinitive."
},
{
"ref": "Andrew Carnie,Syntax: A Generative Introduction, 2013, ISBN 9781118697795",
"text": "When you have a perfective structure, we pair the auxiliary have with an -en participle. The progressive is a pairing of the verb be with an -ing progressive form. Finally the passive is a pairing of the verb be with an -en participle. This is summarized in the following chart.\na) Simple past and Present: V+ed/V+s/V+Ø\nb) Modal: modal V\nc) Perfective: have V+en\nd) Progressive: be V+ing\ne) Passive: be V+en"
},
{
"ref": "M.A.K. Halliday et Christian M.I.M. Matthiessen, Halliday’s Introduction to Functional Grammar,4ᵉ éd., 2013, ISBN 9781135983413, p. 379",
"text": "Verbs function in the nominal group in one of two forms:\n(i) present (active) participle, V-ing, e.g. losing, as in a losing battle;\n(ii) past (passive, or intransitive) participle, V-en, e.g. lost, as in a lost cause."
}
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}
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{
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"source": "w"
}
],
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{
"text": "children"
},
{
"text": "oxen"
}
],
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],
"id": "fr--en-en-suffix--fllVvLz"
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"ipa": "\\ən\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\n̩\\"
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"word": "-s"
}
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"morpheme"
],
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}
{
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],
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"word": "blacken"
},
{
"word": "brighten"
},
{
"word": "dampen"
},
{
"word": "deafen"
},
{
"word": "embolden"
},
{
"word": "frighten"
},
{
"word": "harden"
},
{
"word": "hasten"
},
{
"word": "madden"
},
{
"word": "redden"
},
{
"word": "rotten"
},
{
"word": "sadden"
},
{
"word": "sharpen"
},
{
"word": "sicken"
},
{
"word": "soften"
},
{
"word": "straighten"
},
{
"word": "sweeten"
},
{
"word": "whiten"
},
{
"word": "worsen"
}
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{
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{
"text": "whiten"
},
{
"text": "strengthen"
},
{
"text": "fasten"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffixe verbal pour former à partir d’un adjectif un verbe signifiant le changement."
],
"id": "fr--en-en-suffix-nKZ54z1V"
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],
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{
"ipa": "\\n̩\\"
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"word": "-ify"
},
{
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],
"word": "-ize"
},
{
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"Royaume-Uni"
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"word": "-ise"
}
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],
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}
{
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"derived": [
{
"word": "ashen"
},
{
"word": "leaden"
},
{
"word": "lenten"
},
{
"word": "wooden"
}
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"Étymologie manquante ou incomplète. Si vous la connaissez, vous pouvez l’ajouter en cliquant ici."
],
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],
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],
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{
"text": "rotten"
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},
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"text": "In all regular verbs the past tense (V-ed) and the past participle (V-en) are formed by adding [d/t/ɪd], in spelling -(e)d to the infinitive."
},
{
"ref": "Andrew Carnie,Syntax: A Generative Introduction, 2013, ISBN 9781118697795",
"text": "When you have a perfective structure, we pair the auxiliary have with an -en participle. The progressive is a pairing of the verb be with an -ing progressive form. Finally the passive is a pairing of the verb be with an -en participle. This is summarized in the following chart.\na) Simple past and Present: V+ed/V+s/V+Ø\nb) Modal: modal V\nc) Perfective: have V+en\nd) Progressive: be V+ing\ne) Passive: be V+en"
},
{
"ref": "M.A.K. Halliday et Christian M.I.M. Matthiessen, Halliday’s Introduction to Functional Grammar,4ᵉ éd., 2013, ISBN 9781135983413, p. 379",
"text": "Verbs function in the nominal group in one of two forms:\n(i) present (active) participle, V-ing, e.g. losing, as in a losing battle;\n(ii) past (passive, or intransitive) participle, V-en, e.g. lost, as in a lost cause."
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],
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],
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{
"text": "children"
},
{
"text": "oxen"
}
],
"glosses": [
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}
],
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{
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{
"word": "blacken"
},
{
"word": "brighten"
},
{
"word": "dampen"
},
{
"word": "deafen"
},
{
"word": "embolden"
},
{
"word": "frighten"
},
{
"word": "harden"
},
{
"word": "hasten"
},
{
"word": "madden"
},
{
"word": "redden"
},
{
"word": "rotten"
},
{
"word": "sadden"
},
{
"word": "sharpen"
},
{
"word": "sicken"
},
{
"word": "soften"
},
{
"word": "straighten"
},
{
"word": "sweeten"
},
{
"word": "whiten"
},
{
"word": "worsen"
}
],
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"Étymologie manquante ou incomplète. Si vous la connaissez, vous pouvez l’ajouter en cliquant ici."
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{
"text": "whiten"
},
{
"text": "strengthen"
},
{
"text": "fasten"
}
],
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"Suffixe verbal pour former à partir d’un adjectif un verbe signifiant le changement."
]
}
],
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],
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},
{
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],
"word": "-ize"
},
{
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"Royaume-Uni"
],
"word": "-ise"
}
],
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],
"word": "-en"
}
{
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"anglais"
],
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},
{
"word": "leaden"
},
{
"word": "lenten"
},
{
"word": "wooden"
}
],
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"Étymologie manquante ou incomplète. Si vous la connaissez, vous pouvez l’ajouter en cliquant ici."
],
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"lang_code": "en",
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
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},
{
"ipa": "\\n̩\\"
},
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl--en.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl--en.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
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],
"word": "-en"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -en meaning in Anglais (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Anglais dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-29 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.