See cael in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cael i"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cael allan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to find out",
"word": "cael mas"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "caffael"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh caffael",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "owl",
"3": "cephitor"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh cephitor",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*gabyeti",
"t": "to take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gabyeti (“to take”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kavos"
},
"expansion": "Cornish kavos",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kavout"
},
"expansion": "Breton kavout",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "cael"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh cael",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "owl",
"3": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh ci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kageti",
"t": "to get"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kageti (“to get”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kagʰ-",
"t": "to hold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kagʰ- (“to hold”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A complex, suppletive merger of two separate Celtic verbs into one paradigm.\n* The forms outside of the present first-person singular that contain an -f- or -ff-, and also cas, come from Middle Welsh caffael, from Old Welsh cephitor (pres. impersonal) and cepi (pres. 2sg.), from Proto-Celtic *gabyeti (“to take”). Compare Cornish kavos and Breton kavout.\n* The other forms without an -f- or -ff- (and pres. 1sg. caf) are from Middle Welsh cael, from Old Welsh ci (pres. 2sg.), from Proto-Celtic *kageti (“to get”), a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *kagʰ- (“to hold”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "caf",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-conj-cael",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "caf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cei",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caiff",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cewch",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cânt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ceir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cawn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cawn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cait",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cait",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "câi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "câi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ceid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "ceid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"impersonal",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "cefais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ces",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cefaist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cafodd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cafas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cadd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"poetic",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsoch",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cafwyd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "caed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "cad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "cawswn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "caffwyf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ceffych",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caffom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffoch",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffont",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caffer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffwn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "cawn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "cait",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "câi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caffem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ceffid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"impersonal",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caffed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caffent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caffer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "caer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "cael",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "caffael",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "caffel",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "caffaeledig",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "caffaeladwy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-conj-cael",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ces i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cetho i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cest ti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caeth o",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "e",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cafodd o",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cas e",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caethon ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "cafon ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "cawson ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "ceson ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "caethoch chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cafoch chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsoch chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cesoch chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caethon nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cafon nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawson nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ceson nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caf i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ca i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cei di",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceith o",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "e",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caiff e",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawn ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cewn ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cewch chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cân nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cewn nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawn i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "celwn i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "celen i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caet ti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "celet ti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "câi fo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "celai fe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caen ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "celen ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caech chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "celech chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caen nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "celen nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cael",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gael",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghael",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chael",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1s": "caf",
"irr": "1"
},
"expansion": "cael (first-person singular present caf)",
"name": "cy-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-conj-cael"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to get a present",
"text": "cael anrheg",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to have breakfast, to get breakfast",
"text": "cael brecwast",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to have a word",
"text": "cael gair",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to get, receive; to have (experience)"
],
"id": "en-cael-cy-verb-ciy-S7p9",
"links": [
[
"get",
"get"
],
[
"receive",
"receive"
],
[
"have",
"have"
],
[
"experience",
"experience#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Will we get to see/May we see the late film tonight?",
"text": "Gawn ni weld y ffilm hwyr heno?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Yes (you may).",
"text": "Cewch.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Might we go out/Would we be allowed to go out if we finished our homework?",
"text": "Gaen ni fynd allan pe tasen ni'n gorffen ein gwaith cartre?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to get to, be allowed to, may (with a verbal noun)"
],
"id": "en-cael-cy-verb-ulA7acbU",
"links": [
[
"get to",
"get to"
],
[
"allow",
"allow"
],
[
"may",
"may"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly future or conditional tense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly future or conditional tense) to get to, be allowed to, may (with a verbal noun)"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You may have a drink.",
"text": "Cei di ddiod.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "May I have a ticket to Cardiff?",
"text": "Ga i docyn i Gaerdydd?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to get to, be allowed to, may (with a verbal noun)",
"to be allowed to have, may have (with a noun)"
],
"id": "en-cael-cy-verb-o~Cd7KGa",
"links": [
[
"get to",
"get to"
],
[
"allow",
"allow"
],
[
"may",
"may"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly future or conditional tense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly future or conditional tense) to get to, be allowed to, may (with a verbal noun)",
"to be allowed to have, may have (with a noun)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 6 6 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 5 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 4 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(literally, “The house is having its building.”)",
"roman": "The house is being built.",
"text": "Mae’r tŷ’n cael ei godi.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Terry was hit (got hit) by a snowball.",
"text": "Gaeth Terry ei tharo gan bêl eira.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with a possessive determiner (agreeing with the subject) and a verbal noun to form a construction with passive meaning"
],
"id": "en-cael-cy-verb-RSinTTP2",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly informal, colloquial) used with a possessive determiner (agreeing with the subject) and a verbal noun to form a construction with passive meaning"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaːɨ̯l/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːl/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kai̯l/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːl/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"audio": "Cy-cael.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/Cy-cael.ogg/Cy-cael.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Cy-cael.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːɨ̯l"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "caffael"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "caffel"
}
],
"word": "cael"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/aːl",
"Rhymes:Welsh/aːl/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:Welsh/aːɨ̯l",
"Rhymes:Welsh/aːɨ̯l/1 syllable",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh irregular verbs",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh suppletive verbs",
"Welsh verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cael i"
},
{
"word": "cael allan"
},
{
"english": "to find out",
"word": "cael mas"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "caffael"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh caffael",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "owl",
"3": "cephitor"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh cephitor",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*gabyeti",
"t": "to take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gabyeti (“to take”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kavos"
},
"expansion": "Cornish kavos",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kavout"
},
"expansion": "Breton kavout",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "cael"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh cael",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "owl",
"3": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh ci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kageti",
"t": "to get"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kageti (“to get”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kagʰ-",
"t": "to hold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kagʰ- (“to hold”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A complex, suppletive merger of two separate Celtic verbs into one paradigm.\n* The forms outside of the present first-person singular that contain an -f- or -ff-, and also cas, come from Middle Welsh caffael, from Old Welsh cephitor (pres. impersonal) and cepi (pres. 2sg.), from Proto-Celtic *gabyeti (“to take”). Compare Cornish kavos and Breton kavout.\n* The other forms without an -f- or -ff- (and pres. 1sg. caf) are from Middle Welsh cael, from Old Welsh ci (pres. 2sg.), from Proto-Celtic *kageti (“to get”), a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *kagʰ- (“to hold”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "caf",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-conj-cael",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "caf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cei",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caiff",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cewch",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cânt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ceir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cawn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cawn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cait",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cait",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "câi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "câi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ceid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "ceid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"impersonal",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "cefais",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ces",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cefaist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cafodd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cafas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cadd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"poetic",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsoch",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cafwyd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "caed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "cad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "cawswn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "caffwyf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ceffych",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caffom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffoch",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffont",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caffer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffwn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "cawn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "cait",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "câi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caffem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caech",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "caffent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ceffid",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"impersonal",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caffed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caffent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caffer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "caer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "cael",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "caffael",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "caffel",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "caffaeledig",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "caffaeladwy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-conj-cael",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ces i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cetho i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cest ti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caeth o",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "e",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cafodd o",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cas e",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caethon ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "cafon ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "cawson ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "ceson ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "caethoch chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cafoch chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawsoch chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cesoch chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caethon nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cafon nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawson nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ceson nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caf i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ca i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cei di",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceith o",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "e",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caiff e",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawn ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cewn ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cewch chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cân nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cewn nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cawn i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "celwn i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "celen i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caet ti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "celet ti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "câi fo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "celai fe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caen ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "celen ni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caech chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "celech chi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "caen nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "celen nhw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cael",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gael",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghael",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chael",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1s": "caf",
"irr": "1"
},
"expansion": "cael (first-person singular present caf)",
"name": "cy-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-conj-cael"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Welsh terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to get a present",
"text": "cael anrheg",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to have breakfast, to get breakfast",
"text": "cael brecwast",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to have a word",
"text": "cael gair",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to get, receive; to have (experience)"
],
"links": [
[
"get",
"get"
],
[
"receive",
"receive"
],
[
"have",
"have"
],
[
"experience",
"experience#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Welsh terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Will we get to see/May we see the late film tonight?",
"text": "Gawn ni weld y ffilm hwyr heno?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Yes (you may).",
"text": "Cewch.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Might we go out/Would we be allowed to go out if we finished our homework?",
"text": "Gaen ni fynd allan pe tasen ni'n gorffen ein gwaith cartre?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to get to, be allowed to, may (with a verbal noun)"
],
"links": [
[
"get to",
"get to"
],
[
"allow",
"allow"
],
[
"may",
"may"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly future or conditional tense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly future or conditional tense) to get to, be allowed to, may (with a verbal noun)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Welsh terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You may have a drink.",
"text": "Cei di ddiod.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "May I have a ticket to Cardiff?",
"text": "Ga i docyn i Gaerdydd?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to get to, be allowed to, may (with a verbal noun)",
"to be allowed to have, may have (with a noun)"
],
"links": [
[
"get to",
"get to"
],
[
"allow",
"allow"
],
[
"may",
"may"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly future or conditional tense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly future or conditional tense) to get to, be allowed to, may (with a verbal noun)",
"to be allowed to have, may have (with a noun)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Welsh colloquialisms",
"Welsh informal terms",
"Welsh terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(literally, “The house is having its building.”)",
"roman": "The house is being built.",
"text": "Mae’r tŷ’n cael ei godi.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Terry was hit (got hit) by a snowball.",
"text": "Gaeth Terry ei tharo gan bêl eira.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used with a possessive determiner (agreeing with the subject) and a verbal noun to form a construction with passive meaning"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly informal, colloquial) used with a possessive determiner (agreeing with the subject) and a verbal noun to form a construction with passive meaning"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaːɨ̯l/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːl/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kai̯l/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːl/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"audio": "Cy-cael.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/Cy-cael.ogg/Cy-cael.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Cy-cael.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːɨ̯l"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "caffael"
},
{
"word": "caffel"
}
],
"word": "cael"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cael meaning in Welsh (18.8kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cael/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cael"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "cael",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cael/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"cael"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "cael",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cael/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"cael"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "cael",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.