"-î" meaning in Romanian

See -î in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /ɨ/
Etymology: Inherited from Latin -īre, the ending of the present active infinitive form of fourth conjugation verbs. Cognate with Spanish ir and French -ir, Italian -ire, etc. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ro|la|-īre|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin -īre, {{inh+|ro|la|-īre}} Inherited from Latin -īre, {{cog|es|ir}} Spanish ir, {{cog|fr|-ir}} French -ir, {{cog|it|-ire}} Italian -ire Head templates: {{head|ro|suffix}} -î Inflection templates: {{ro-conj-î}} Forms: conjugation-4 [table-tags], a -î [infinitive], -ând [gerund], -ât [participle, past], - [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, present, singular], -i [indicative, present, second-person, singular], -ă [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, present, singular], -âm [first-person, indicative, plural, present], -âți [indicative, plural, present, second-person], -ă [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, plural, present], -am [error-unrecognized-form, imperfect, indicative, singular], -ai [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], -a [error-unrecognized-form, imperfect, indicative, singular], -am [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], -ați [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], -au [error-unrecognized-form, imperfect, indicative, plural], -âi [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, perfect, singular], -âși [indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], -î [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, perfect, singular], -ârăm [first-person, indicative, perfect, plural], -ârăți [indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], -âră [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, perfect, plural], -âsem [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, pluperfect, singular], -âseși [indicative, pluperfect, second-person, singular], -âse [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, pluperfect, singular], -âserăm [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, plural], -âserăți [indicative, pluperfect, plural, second-person], -âseră [error-unrecognized-form, indicative, pluperfect, plural], să - [error-unrecognized-form, present, singular, subjunctive], să -i [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], să -e [error-unrecognized-form, present, singular, subjunctive], să -âm [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], să -âți [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], să -e [error-unrecognized-form, plural, present, subjunctive], -ă [imperative, positive, second-person, singular], -âți [imperative, plural, positive, second-person], nu -î [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], nu -âți [imperative, negative, plural, second-person]
  1. A suffix forming infinitives of many verbs. Tags: morpheme Related terms: -ea, -i, -e, -a, -re
    Sense id: en--î-ro-suffix-NClV5Ea9 Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Romanian entries with incorrect language header, Pages using catfix, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 8 7 18 5 6 0 4 35 8 9 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 9 9 20 4 8 0 3 28 9 10 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 9 11 23 2 9 0 2 22 10 12
     
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-īre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -īre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-īre"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin -īre",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "ir"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish ir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "-ir"
      },
      "expansion": "French -ir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "-ire"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian -ire",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -īre, the ending of the present active infinitive form of fourth conjugation verbs. Cognate with Spanish ir and French -ir, Italian -ire, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "conjugation-4",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-conj-î",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a -î",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ând",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ât",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-i",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-am",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-am",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-au",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-î",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ârăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ârăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âră",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âsem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âseși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âserăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âserăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âseră",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să -",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să -i",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să -e",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să -âm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să -âți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să -e",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "positive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "positive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu -î",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu -âți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-î",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "ro-conj-î"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 7 18 5 6 0 4 35 8 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 9 20 4 8 0 3 28 9 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 11 23 2 9 0 2 22 10 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A suffix forming infinitives of many verbs."
      ],
      "id": "en--î-ro-suffix-NClV5Ea9",
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "-ea"
        },
        {
          "word": "-i"
        },
        {
          "word": "-e"
        },
        {
          "word": "-a"
        },
        {
          "word": "-re"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɨ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-î"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-īre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -īre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-īre"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin -īre",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "ir"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish ir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "-ir"
      },
      "expansion": "French -ir",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "-ire"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian -ire",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -īre, the ending of the present active infinitive form of fourth conjugation verbs. Cognate with Spanish ir and French -ir, Italian -ire, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "conjugation-4",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-conj-î",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a -î",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ând",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ât",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-i",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-am",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-a",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-am",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-au",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-î",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ârăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ârăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âră",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âsem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âseși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âserăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âserăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âseră",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să -",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să -i",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să -e",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să -âm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să -âți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să -e",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ă",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "positive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-âți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "positive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu -î",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu -âți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-î",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "ro-conj-î"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-ea"
    },
    {
      "word": "-i"
    },
    {
      "word": "-e"
    },
    {
      "word": "-a"
    },
    {
      "word": "-re"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages using catfix",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Romanian lemmas",
        "Romanian suffixes",
        "Romanian terms derived from Latin",
        "Romanian terms inherited from Latin"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A suffix forming infinitives of many verbs."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɨ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-î"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -î meaning in Romanian (5.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -î/Romanian 'eu' base_tags={'o', 'indicative', 'c', 'n', 'u', '4', 't', 'i', 'g', 'j', '-', 'singular', 'first-person', 'a'}",
  "path": [
    "-î"
  ],
  "section": "Romanian",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-î",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -î/Romanian 'el/ea' base_tags={'second-person', 'n', 't', 'i', 'third-person', 'singular', 'g', 'j', 'o', 'indicative', 'c', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'u', '4', '-', 'a'}",
  "path": [
    "-î"
  ],
  "section": "Romanian",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-î",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -î/Romanian 'ei/ele' base_tags={'second-person', 'n', 't', 'i', 'third-person', 'first-person', 'g', 'j', 'o', 'indicative', 'c', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'plural', 'u', '4', '-', 'a'}",
  "path": [
    "-î"
  ],
  "section": "Romanian",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-î",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -î/Romanian 'eu' base_tags={'o', 'c', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'n', 'u', '4', 't', 'i', 'subjunctive', 'j', '-', 'singular', 'g', 'a'}",
  "path": [
    "-î"
  ],
  "section": "Romanian",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-î",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -î/Romanian 'el/ea' base_tags={'o', 'c', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'second-person', 'n', 'u', '4', 't', 'i', 'subjunctive', 'j', '-', 'singular', 'g', 'a'}",
  "path": [
    "-î"
  ],
  "section": "Romanian",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-î",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -î/Romanian 'ei/ele' base_tags={'second-person', 'n', 't', 'i', 'first-person', 'g', 'j', 'o', 'c', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'plural', 'u', '4', 'subjunctive', '-', 'a'}",
  "path": [
    "-î"
  ],
  "section": "Romanian",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-î",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Romanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (813e02a and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.