See -de in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-de-n"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "-te",
"word": "-те"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"sense": "ablative suffix",
"word": "-də"
}
],
"lang": "Arghu",
"lang_code": "klj"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"word": "-də"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "-te"
},
{
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"word": "-de"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "ـده"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "-de"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "-da"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "ـدە"
}
],
"lang": "Chagatai",
"lang_code": "chg"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "-te, -ta",
"word": "-تَا"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "-da"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "ـدە"
}
],
"lang": "Chagatai",
"lang_code": "chg"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "-de, -da",
"word": "-دَا"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "trk-kar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "-da",
"word": "-да"
},
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "-dä",
"word": "-дә"
},
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "-ta",
"word": "-та"
},
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "-tä",
"word": "-тә"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "-da",
"word": "-да"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "-dä",
"word": "-дә"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "-ta",
"word": "-та"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "-tä",
"word": "-тә"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak-Bulgar",
"lang_code": "trk-kbu"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"lang": "Kumyk",
"lang_code": "kum",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
},
{
"lang": "Karachay-Balkar",
"lang_code": "krc",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak-Cuman",
"lang_code": "trk-kcu"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "-da",
"word": "-да"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "-ta",
"word": "-та"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "-te",
"word": "-те"
},
{
"lang": "Karakalpak",
"lang_code": "kaa",
"word": "-da"
},
{
"lang": "Karakalpak",
"lang_code": "kaa",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"lang": "Karakalpak",
"lang_code": "kaa",
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"lang": "Karakalpak",
"lang_code": "kaa",
"word": "-te"
},
{
"lang": "Nogai",
"lang_code": "nog",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak-Nogai",
"lang_code": "trk-kno"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-da",
"word": "-да"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-do",
"word": "-до"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-dö",
"word": "-дө"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-ta",
"word": "-та"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-te",
"word": "-те"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-to",
"word": "-то"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-tö",
"word": "-тө"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-da",
"word": "-да"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-do",
"word": "-до"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-dö",
"word": "-дӧ"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-ta",
"word": "-та"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-te",
"word": "-те"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-to",
"word": "-то"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-tö",
"word": "-тӧ"
}
],
"lang": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak",
"lang_code": "trk-kkp"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk",
"roman": "d²a-",
"word": "𐰓𐰀-"
},
{
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"roman": "-tʾ",
"word": "-𐾀𐽰"
},
{
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"roman": "-dʾ",
"word": "-𐽸𐽰"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Yakut",
"lang_code": "sah",
"roman": "-te",
"word": "-тэ"
}
],
"lang": "North Siberian Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-nsb"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tuvan",
"lang_code": "tyv",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
}
],
"lang": "Sayan",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Siberian Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-ssb"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-sib"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-de",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-de",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"ablative"
],
"word": "-den"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "allative case",
"translation": "allative case",
"word": "-gerü"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"dative"
],
"word": "-ka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"accusative"
],
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"genitive"
],
"word": "-niŋ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "equative case",
"translation": "equative case",
"word": "-če"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "eb (“house”) + *-de → *ebde (“in the house”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form locative of nouns"
],
"id": "en--de-trk-pro-suffix-TKGRSDS3",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ōtag (“tent”) + *-de → *ōtagda (“from the tent”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ablative of nouns"
],
"id": "en--de-trk-pro-suffix-spbYvukv",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-den"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-de"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic suffixes",
"Requests for native script for Old Anatolian Turkish terms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-de-n"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chuvash",
"lang_code": "cv",
"roman": "-te",
"word": "-те"
}
],
"lang": "Oghur",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"sense": "ablative suffix",
"word": "-də"
}
],
"lang": "Arghu",
"lang_code": "klj"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"word": "-də"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "-te"
},
{
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"word": "-de"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "ـده"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"word": "-de"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "-da"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "ـدە"
}
],
"lang": "Chagatai",
"lang_code": "chg"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "-te, -ta",
"word": "-تَا"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"word": "-da"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "ـدە"
}
],
"lang": "Chagatai",
"lang_code": "chg"
}
],
"lang": "Karakhanid",
"lang_code": "xqa",
"roman": "-de, -da",
"word": "-دَا"
}
],
"lang": "Karluk",
"lang_code": "trk-kar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "-da",
"word": "-да"
},
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "-dä",
"word": "-дә"
},
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "-ta",
"word": "-та"
},
{
"lang": "Bashkir",
"lang_code": "ba",
"roman": "-tä",
"word": "-тә"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "-da",
"word": "-да"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "-dä",
"word": "-дә"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "-ta",
"word": "-та"
},
{
"lang": "Tatar",
"lang_code": "tt",
"roman": "-tä",
"word": "-тә"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak-Bulgar",
"lang_code": "trk-kbu"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"lang": "Kumyk",
"lang_code": "kum",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
},
{
"lang": "Karachay-Balkar",
"lang_code": "krc",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak-Cuman",
"lang_code": "trk-kcu"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "-da",
"word": "-да"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "-ta",
"word": "-та"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "-te",
"word": "-те"
},
{
"lang": "Karakalpak",
"lang_code": "kaa",
"word": "-da"
},
{
"lang": "Karakalpak",
"lang_code": "kaa",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"lang": "Karakalpak",
"lang_code": "kaa",
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"lang": "Karakalpak",
"lang_code": "kaa",
"word": "-te"
},
{
"lang": "Nogai",
"lang_code": "nog",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak-Nogai",
"lang_code": "trk-kno"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-da",
"word": "-да"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-do",
"word": "-до"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-dö",
"word": "-дө"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-ta",
"word": "-та"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-te",
"word": "-те"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-to",
"word": "-то"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"roman": "-tö",
"word": "-тө"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-da",
"word": "-да"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-do",
"word": "-до"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-dö",
"word": "-дӧ"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-ta",
"word": "-та"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-te",
"word": "-те"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-to",
"word": "-то"
},
{
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"lang_code": "alt",
"roman": "-tö",
"word": "-тӧ"
}
],
"lang": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak",
"lang_code": "trk-kkp"
}
],
"lang": "Kipchak",
"lang_code": "qwm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"lang_code": "otk",
"roman": "d²a-",
"word": "𐰓𐰀-"
},
{
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"roman": "-tʾ",
"word": "-𐾀𐽰"
},
{
"lang": "Old Uyghur",
"lang_code": "oui",
"roman": "-dʾ",
"word": "-𐽸𐽰"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Yakut",
"lang_code": "sah",
"roman": "-te",
"word": "-тэ"
}
],
"lang": "North Siberian Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-nsb"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tuvan",
"lang_code": "tyv",
"roman": "-de",
"word": "-де"
}
],
"lang": "Sayan",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "South Siberian Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-ssb"
}
],
"lang": "Siberian Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-sib"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-de",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-de",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"ablative"
],
"word": "-den"
},
{
"english": "allative case",
"translation": "allative case",
"word": "-gerü"
},
{
"tags": [
"dative"
],
"word": "-ka"
},
{
"tags": [
"accusative"
],
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"tags": [
"genitive"
],
"word": "-niŋ"
},
{
"english": "equative case",
"translation": "equative case",
"word": "-če"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "eb (“house”) + *-de → *ebde (“in the house”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form locative of nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ōtag (“tent”) + *-de → *ōtagda (“from the tent”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ablative of nouns"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-den"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-de"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -de meaning in Proto-Turkic (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.