See -de in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-те"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: -те (-te)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-ре"
},
"expansion": "-ре (-re)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: -те (-te), -ре (-re)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "-də",
"3": "",
"t": "ablative suffix"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: -də (“ablative suffix”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: -də (“ablative suffix”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "",
"tr": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-də"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: -də",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-tə"
},
"expansion": "-tə",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: -də -tə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ـده",
"tr": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: ـده (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: ـده (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: -de",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-te"
},
"expansion": "-te",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: -de -te"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: -de",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: -de"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: -de",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: -de"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Salar: -de",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: -de"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Chagatai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "-da"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: -da",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: -da"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "ـدە",
"tr": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: ـدە (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: ـدە (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "-да",
"3": "-де",
"4": "-до",
"5": "-дө",
"6": "-та",
"7": "-те",
"8": "-то",
"9": "-тө"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: -да (-da), -де (-de), -до (-do), -дө (-dö), -та (-ta), -те (-te), -то (-to), -тө (-tö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: -да (-da), -де (-de), -до (-do), -дө (-dö), -та (-ta), -те (-te), -то (-to), -тө (-tö)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "-де"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: -де (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: -де (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "-да",
"3": "-дә",
"4": "-та",
"5": "-тә"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: -да (-da), -дә (-də), -та (-ta), -тә (-tə)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: -да (-da), -дә (-də), -та (-ta), -тә (-tə)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "-да",
"3": "-дә",
"4": "-та",
"5": "-тә"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: -да (-da), -дә (-dä), -та (-ta), -тә (-tä)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: -да (-da), -дә (-dä), -та (-ta), -тә (-tä)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "-да",
"3": "-де",
"4": "-та",
"5": "-те"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: -да (-da), -де (-de), -та (-ta), -те (-te)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: -да (-da), -де (-de), -та (-ta), -те (-te)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "-da",
"3": "-de",
"4": "-ta",
"5": "-te"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: -da, -de, -ta, -te",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: -da, -de, -ta, -te"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "-де"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: -де (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: -де (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: -de",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: -de"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "-де"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: -де (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: -де (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "-де"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: -де (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: -де (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐱅𐰀-",
"t": "locative and ablative suffix",
"tr": "-te"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰀- (-te, “locative and ablative suffix”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰀- (-te, “locative and ablative suffix”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-тэ"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: -тэ (-te)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-тө"
},
"expansion": "-тө (-tö)",
"name": "alt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-нэ"
},
"expansion": "-нэ (-ne)",
"name": "alt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-нө"
},
"expansion": "-нө (-nö)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: -тэ (-te), -тө (-tö), -нэ (-ne), -нө (-nö) (only in pronouns)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "-де"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: -де (-de)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "-те"
},
"expansion": "-те (-te)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: -де (-de), -те (-te)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-du",
"3": "",
"4": "locative and dative suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-du (“locative and dative suffix”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*-dū",
"3": "",
"4": "locative and dative suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *-dū (“locative and dative suffix”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*-ta",
"3": "",
"4": "ablative suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ta (“ablative suffix”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Akin to Proto-Mongolic *-du (“locative and dative suffix”), Proto-Tungusic *-dū (“locative and dative suffix”), Proto-Uralic *-ta (“ablative suffix”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*-da",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*-ta",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*-te",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-de",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uyghur terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-de-n"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "eb (“house”) + *-de → *ebde (“in the house/from the house”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form locative and ablative of nouns."
],
"id": "en--de-trk-pro-suffix-WsmYCU82",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"accusative"
],
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"tags": [
"dative"
],
"word": "-ka"
},
{
"tags": [
"genitive"
],
"word": "-niŋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"ablative"
],
"word": "-den"
},
{
"english": "allative case",
"word": "-gerü"
},
{
"english": "equative case",
"word": "-če"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-de"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "-de-n"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-те"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: -те (-te)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-ре"
},
"expansion": "-ре (-re)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: -те (-te), -ре (-re)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "-də",
"3": "",
"t": "ablative suffix"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: -də (“ablative suffix”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: -də (“ablative suffix”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "",
"tr": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-də"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: -də",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-tə"
},
"expansion": "-tə",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: -də -tə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ـده",
"tr": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: ـده (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: ـده (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: -de",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-te"
},
"expansion": "-te",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: -de -te"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: -de",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: -de"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: -de",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: -de"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Salar: -de",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: -de"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Chagatai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "-da"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: -da",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: -da"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "ـدە",
"tr": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: ـدە (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: ـدە (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "-да",
"3": "-де",
"4": "-до",
"5": "-дө",
"6": "-та",
"7": "-те",
"8": "-то",
"9": "-тө"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: -да (-da), -де (-de), -до (-do), -дө (-dö), -та (-ta), -те (-te), -то (-to), -тө (-tö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: -да (-da), -де (-de), -до (-do), -дө (-dö), -та (-ta), -те (-te), -то (-to), -тө (-tö)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "-де"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: -де (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: -де (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "-да",
"3": "-дә",
"4": "-та",
"5": "-тә"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: -да (-da), -дә (-də), -та (-ta), -тә (-tə)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: -да (-da), -дә (-də), -та (-ta), -тә (-tə)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "-да",
"3": "-дә",
"4": "-та",
"5": "-тә"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: -да (-da), -дә (-dä), -та (-ta), -тә (-tä)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: -да (-da), -дә (-dä), -та (-ta), -тә (-tä)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "-да",
"3": "-де",
"4": "-та",
"5": "-те"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: -да (-da), -де (-de), -та (-ta), -те (-te)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: -да (-da), -де (-de), -та (-ta), -те (-te)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "-da",
"3": "-de",
"4": "-ta",
"5": "-te"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: -da, -de, -ta, -te",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: -da, -de, -ta, -te"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "-де"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: -де (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: -де (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: -de",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: -de"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "-де"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: -де (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: -де (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "-де"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: -де (-de)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: -де (-de)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐱅𐰀-",
"t": "locative and ablative suffix",
"tr": "-te"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰀- (-te, “locative and ablative suffix”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰀- (-te, “locative and ablative suffix”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-тэ"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: -тэ (-te)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-тө"
},
"expansion": "-тө (-tö)",
"name": "alt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-нэ"
},
"expansion": "-нэ (-ne)",
"name": "alt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-нө"
},
"expansion": "-нө (-nö)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: -тэ (-te), -тө (-tö), -нэ (-ne), -нө (-nö) (only in pronouns)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "-де"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: -де (-de)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "-те"
},
"expansion": "-те (-te)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: -де (-de), -те (-te)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-du",
"3": "",
"4": "locative and dative suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-du (“locative and dative suffix”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*-dū",
"3": "",
"4": "locative and dative suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *-dū (“locative and dative suffix”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*-ta",
"3": "",
"4": "ablative suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-ta (“ablative suffix”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Akin to Proto-Mongolic *-du (“locative and dative suffix”), Proto-Tungusic *-dū (“locative and dative suffix”), Proto-Uralic *-ta (“ablative suffix”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*-da",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*-ta",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*-te",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-de",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-de",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"accusative"
],
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"tags": [
"dative"
],
"word": "-ka"
},
{
"tags": [
"genitive"
],
"word": "-niŋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"ablative"
],
"word": "-den"
},
{
"english": "allative case",
"word": "-gerü"
},
{
"english": "equative case",
"word": "-če"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic suffixes",
"Requests for native script for Old Anatolian Turkish terms",
"Uyghur terms with redundant transliterations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "eb (“house”) + *-de → *ebde (“in the house/from the house”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form locative and ablative of nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-de"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -de meaning in Proto-Turkic (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.