See -ka in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo",
"2": "نَ-",
"tr": "-ne, -na"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar: نَ- (-ne, -na)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgar: نَ- (-ne, -na)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-на"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: -на (-na)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: -на (-na)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "-kə"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: -kə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: -kə"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "ـَه",
"tr": "-ä/-a"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: ـَه (-ä/-a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: ـَه (-ä/-a)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-a",
"3": "-ya"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: -a, -ya",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: -a, -ya"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "-ä",
"3": "-a"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: -ä, -a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: -ä, -a"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ـه",
"tr": "-e/-a"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: ـه (-e/-a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: ـه (-e/-a)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-a",
"3": "-ya"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: -a, -ya",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: -a, -ya"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "-ga"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: -ga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: -ga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "-ға",
"3": "-ге",
"4": "-қа",
"5": "-ке"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: -ға (-ğa), -ге (-ge), -қа (-qa), -ке (-ke)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: -ға (-ğa), -ге (-ge), -қа (-qa), -ке (-ke)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"10": "-а",
"11": "-е",
"12": "-о",
"13": "-ө",
"14": "-на",
"15": "-не",
"16": "-нө",
"2": "-га",
"3": "-ге",
"4": "-го",
"5": "-гө",
"6": "-ка",
"7": "-ке",
"8": "-ко",
"9": "-кө"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: -га (-ga), -ге (-ge), -го (-go), -гө (-gö), -ка (-ka), -ке (-ke), -ко (-ko), -кө (-kö), -а (-a), -е (-ye), -о (-o), -ө (-ö), -на (-na), -не (-ne), -нө (-nö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: -га (-ga), -ге (-ge), -го (-go), -гө (-gö), -ка (-ka), -ке (-ke), -ко (-ko), -кө (-kö), -а (-a), -е (-ye), -о (-o), -ө (-ö), -на (-na), -не (-ne), -нө (-nö)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"10": "-а",
"11": "-е",
"12": "-о",
"13": "-ӧ",
"14": "-на",
"15": "-не",
"2": "-га",
"3": "-ге",
"4": "-го",
"5": "-гӧ",
"6": "-ка",
"7": "-ке",
"8": "-ко",
"9": "-кӧ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: -га (-ga), -ге (-ge), -го (-go), -гӧ (-gö), -ка (-ka), -ке (-ke), -ко (-ko), -кӧ (-kö), -а (-a), -е (-ye), -о (-o), -ӧ (-ö), -на (-na), -не (-ne)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: -га (-ga), -ге (-ge), -го (-go), -гӧ (-gö), -ка (-ka), -ке (-ke), -ко (-ko), -кӧ (-kö), -а (-a), -е (-ye), -о (-o), -ӧ (-ö), -на (-na), -не (-ne)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰚𐰀-",
"tr": "-ke"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰀- (-ke)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰀- (-ke)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-га",
"3": "-гэ",
"4": "-ка",
"5": "-кэ",
"6": "-ҕа",
"7": "-ҕэ"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: -га (-ga), -гэ (-ge), -ка (-ka), -кэ (-ke), -ҕа (-ğa), -ҕэ (-ğe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: -га (-ga), -гэ (-ge), -ка (-ka), -кэ (-ke), -ҕа (-ğa), -ҕэ (-ğe)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-ka",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ka",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "at (“horse”) + *-ka → *atka (“to a horse”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix expressing the dative case."
],
"id": "en--ka-trk-pro-suffix-NLPllFec",
"links": [
[
"dative case",
"dative case"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"accusative"
],
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"tags": [
"genitive"
],
"word": "-niŋ"
},
{
"english": "locative case",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"tags": [
"ablative"
],
"word": "-den"
},
{
"english": "allative case",
"word": "-gerü"
},
{
"english": "equative case",
"word": "-če"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ke"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ka"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo",
"2": "نَ-",
"tr": "-ne, -na"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar: نَ- (-ne, -na)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgar: نَ- (-ne, -na)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-на"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: -на (-na)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: -на (-na)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "-kə"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: -kə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: -kə"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "ـَه",
"tr": "-ä/-a"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: ـَه (-ä/-a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: ـَه (-ä/-a)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-a",
"3": "-ya"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: -a, -ya",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: -a, -ya"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "-ä",
"3": "-a"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: -ä, -a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: -ä, -a"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ـه",
"tr": "-e/-a"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: ـه (-e/-a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: ـه (-e/-a)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-a",
"3": "-ya"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: -a, -ya",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: -a, -ya"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "-ga"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: -ga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: -ga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "-ға",
"3": "-ге",
"4": "-қа",
"5": "-ке"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: -ға (-ğa), -ге (-ge), -қа (-qa), -ке (-ke)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: -ға (-ğa), -ге (-ge), -қа (-qa), -ке (-ke)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"10": "-а",
"11": "-е",
"12": "-о",
"13": "-ө",
"14": "-на",
"15": "-не",
"16": "-нө",
"2": "-га",
"3": "-ге",
"4": "-го",
"5": "-гө",
"6": "-ка",
"7": "-ке",
"8": "-ко",
"9": "-кө"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: -га (-ga), -ге (-ge), -го (-go), -гө (-gö), -ка (-ka), -ке (-ke), -ко (-ko), -кө (-kö), -а (-a), -е (-ye), -о (-o), -ө (-ö), -на (-na), -не (-ne), -нө (-nö)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: -га (-ga), -ге (-ge), -го (-go), -гө (-gö), -ка (-ka), -ке (-ke), -ко (-ko), -кө (-kö), -а (-a), -е (-ye), -о (-o), -ө (-ö), -на (-na), -не (-ne), -нө (-nö)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"10": "-а",
"11": "-е",
"12": "-о",
"13": "-ӧ",
"14": "-на",
"15": "-не",
"2": "-га",
"3": "-ге",
"4": "-го",
"5": "-гӧ",
"6": "-ка",
"7": "-ке",
"8": "-ко",
"9": "-кӧ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: -га (-ga), -ге (-ge), -го (-go), -гӧ (-gö), -ка (-ka), -ке (-ke), -ко (-ko), -кӧ (-kö), -а (-a), -е (-ye), -о (-o), -ӧ (-ö), -на (-na), -не (-ne)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: -га (-ga), -ге (-ge), -го (-go), -гӧ (-gö), -ка (-ka), -ке (-ke), -ко (-ko), -кӧ (-kö), -а (-a), -е (-ye), -о (-o), -ӧ (-ö), -на (-na), -не (-ne)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰚𐰀-",
"tr": "-ke"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰀- (-ke)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰀- (-ke)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-га",
"3": "-гэ",
"4": "-ка",
"5": "-кэ",
"6": "-ҕа",
"7": "-ҕэ"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: -га (-ga), -гэ (-ge), -ка (-ka), -кэ (-ke), -ҕа (-ğa), -ҕэ (-ğe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: -га (-ga), -гэ (-ge), -ка (-ka), -кэ (-ke), -ҕа (-ğa), -ҕэ (-ğe)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-ka",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ka",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"accusative"
],
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"tags": [
"genitive"
],
"word": "-niŋ"
},
{
"english": "locative case",
"word": "-de"
},
{
"tags": [
"ablative"
],
"word": "-den"
},
{
"english": "allative case",
"word": "-gerü"
},
{
"english": "equative case",
"word": "-če"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic suffixes"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "at (“horse”) + *-ka → *atka (“to a horse”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix expressing the dative case."
],
"links": [
[
"dative case",
"dative case"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ke"
}
],
"word": "-ka"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ka meaning in Proto-Turkic (5.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.