See topiti in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "tapícʹ",
"word": "тапі́ць"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "topítʹ",
"word": "топи́ть"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "topýty",
"word": "топи́ти"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "topiti",
"word": "топити"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "topjá",
"word": "топя́"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "topi",
"word": "топи"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "то̀пити"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "tòpiti"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "to melt",
"word": "se topȉt"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "se tȍpi"
},
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "topit"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "topit"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "topiti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "to melt",
"word": "topić"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"sense": "to melt",
"word": "topić"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"sense": "to melt",
"word": "topić"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "topiť"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "tüpait"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "topic"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "tôpjic"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "topiś"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"sense": "to melt",
"word": "topi"
}
],
"lang": "Non-Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ine-bsl-pro:*tapīˀtei<id:heat><ety:der<ine-pro:*topéyeti<id:make warm>>>",
"id": "heat",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *tep-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *topéyetider.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tapīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *topiti",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*tapīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *tapīˀtei",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*topéyeti",
"4": "*top-éye-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *top-éye-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tep-",
"4": "",
"5": "hot, warm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tep- (“hot, warm”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तापयति",
"t": "to heat, to torment",
"tr": "tāpáyati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तापयति (tāpáyati, “to heat, to torment”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬙𐬁𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌",
"t": "to heat"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬙𐬁𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (tāpaiieⁱti, “to heat”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *tep-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *topéyetider.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tapīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *topiti\nFrom Proto-Balto-Slavic *tapīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *top-éye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *tep- (“hot, warm”). Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit तापयति (tāpáyati, “to heat, to torment”), Avestan 𐬙𐬁𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (tāpaiieⁱti, “to heat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "topìti",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "aorist imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "topľenьje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "topiti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "topitъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "topilъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "aorist imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "topľenъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "topimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "topľь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "topę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "aorist imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "topixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topiši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topitь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topixově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "topita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topixomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topišę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "topite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topętь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaašeta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "topita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "-1",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/topiti",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "snowmelt",
"translation": "snowmelt",
"word": "orztoplь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to heat",
"translation": "to heat",
"word": "topliti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "heat",
"translation": "heat",
"word": "toplina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "teplъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "warm",
"translation": "warm",
"word": "toplъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 11 11 12 11 12 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 18 18 18 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 13 15 17 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 14 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iti",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to heat up"
],
"id": "en-topiti-sla-pro-verb-B0M2DteD",
"links": [
[
"heat up",
"heat up"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 11 11 12 11 12 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to melt, to thaw"
],
"id": "en-topiti-sla-pro-verb-VCgySM72",
"links": [
[
"melt",
"melt"
],
[
"thaw",
"thaw"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "topiti"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "tapícʹ",
"word": "тапі́ць"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "topítʹ",
"word": "топи́ть"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "topyty",
"word": "топити"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "topiti",
"word": "топити"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "potopiti",
"word": "потопити"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "topjá",
"word": "топя́"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "topi",
"word": "топи"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "то̀пити"
},
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "tòpiti"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "se topȉt"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "topit"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "topiti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "to drown",
"word": "topić"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"sense": "to drown",
"word": "topić"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"sense": "to flood",
"word": "topić"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "topiť"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "tüpait"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "topic"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "tôpjic"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "topiś"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "topić"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"id": "plunge"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "թաթաւեմ",
"3": "",
"4": "to soak (e.g. clothes in blood)"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian թաթաւեմ (tʻatʻawem, “to soak (e.g. clothes in blood)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tàpti",
"3": "",
"4": "to become"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tàpti (“to become”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "tapt",
"3": "",
"4": "to become, to get infected"
},
"expansion": "Latvian tapt (“to become, to get infected”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*taptéi",
"3": "*-iti",
"lang1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"t1": "to get stuck"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *taptéi (“to get stuck”) + *-iti",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear. Vasmer suggests a possible connection with Old Armenian թաթաւեմ (tʻatʻawem, “to soak (e.g. clothes in blood)”), but notes that it's quite conjectural. Trubachev notes that Zubaty and Stang suggest a connection with Lithuanian tàpti (“to become”), Latvian tapt (“to become, to get infected”), effectively from Proto-Balto-Slavic *taptéi (“to get stuck”) + *-iti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "topìti",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "topnǫti",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "aorist imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "topľenьje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "topiti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "topitъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "topilъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "aorist imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "topľenъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "topimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "topľь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "topę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "aorist imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "topixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topiši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topitь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topixově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "topita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topixomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topišę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "topite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topętь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaašeta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "topita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "-1"
},
"name": "sla-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/topiti",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "deluge",
"translation": "deluge",
"word": "potopъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 11 11 12 11 12 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "EDSIL without passage",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to plunge, to dunk",
"→ to sink, to submerge (in liquid)"
],
"id": "en-topiti-sla-pro-verb-fCqLK6OC",
"links": [
[
"plunge",
"plunge"
],
[
"dunk",
"dunk"
],
[
"sink",
"sink"
],
[
"submerge",
"submerge"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 11 11 12 11 12 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "EDSIL without passage",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to plunge, to dunk",
"→ to soak, to immerse"
],
"id": "en-topiti-sla-pro-verb-fjW1GngM",
"links": [
[
"plunge",
"plunge"
],
[
"dunk",
"dunk"
],
[
"soak",
"soak"
],
[
"immerse",
"immerse"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 11 11 12 11 12 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "EDSIL without passage",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to plunge, to dunk",
"→ to drown"
],
"id": "en-topiti-sla-pro-verb-9s-i~53G",
"links": [
[
"plunge",
"plunge"
],
[
"dunk",
"dunk"
],
[
"drown",
"drown"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "topiti"
}
{
"categories": [
"EDSIL without passage",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Proto-Slavic entries with etymology trees",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tep-",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iti",
"Proto-Slavic verbs",
"Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
"Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm c",
"sla-conj with extra parameters/ap",
"sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "tapícʹ",
"word": "тапі́ць"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "topítʹ",
"word": "топи́ть"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "topýty",
"word": "топи́ти"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "topiti",
"word": "топити"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "topjá",
"word": "топя́"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "topi",
"word": "топи"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "то̀пити"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "tòpiti"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "to melt",
"word": "se topȉt"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "se tȍpi"
},
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "topit"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "topit"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "topiti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "to melt",
"word": "topić"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"sense": "to melt",
"word": "topić"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"sense": "to melt",
"word": "topić"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "topiť"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "tüpait"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "topic"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "tôpjic"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "topiś"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"sense": "to melt",
"word": "topi"
}
],
"lang": "Non-Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ine-bsl-pro:*tapīˀtei<id:heat><ety:der<ine-pro:*topéyeti<id:make warm>>>",
"id": "heat",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *tep-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *topéyetider.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tapīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *topiti",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*tapīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *tapīˀtei",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*topéyeti",
"4": "*top-éye-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *top-éye-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tep-",
"4": "",
"5": "hot, warm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tep- (“hot, warm”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तापयति",
"t": "to heat, to torment",
"tr": "tāpáyati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तापयति (tāpáyati, “to heat, to torment”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬙𐬁𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌",
"t": "to heat"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬙𐬁𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (tāpaiieⁱti, “to heat”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *tep-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nProto-Indo-European *topéyetider.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tapīˀtei\nProto-Slavic *topiti\nFrom Proto-Balto-Slavic *tapīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *top-éye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *tep- (“hot, warm”). Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit तापयति (tāpáyati, “to heat, to torment”), Avestan 𐬙𐬁𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (tāpaiieⁱti, “to heat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "topìti",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "aorist imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "topľenьje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "topiti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "topitъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "topilъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "aorist imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "topľenъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "topimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "topľь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "topę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "aorist imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "topixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topiši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topitь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topixově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "topita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topixomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topišę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "topite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topętь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaašeta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "topita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "-1",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/topiti",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "snowmelt",
"translation": "snowmelt",
"word": "orztoplь"
},
{
"english": "to heat",
"translation": "to heat",
"word": "topliti"
},
{
"english": "heat",
"translation": "heat",
"word": "toplina"
},
{
"word": "teplъ"
},
{
"english": "warm",
"translation": "warm",
"word": "toplъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to heat up"
],
"links": [
[
"heat up",
"heat up"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to melt, to thaw"
],
"links": [
[
"melt",
"melt"
],
[
"thaw",
"thaw"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "topiti"
}
{
"categories": [
"EDSIL without passage",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iti",
"Proto-Slavic verbs",
"Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
"sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "tapícʹ",
"word": "тапі́ць"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "topítʹ",
"word": "топи́ть"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "topyty",
"word": "топити"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "topiti",
"word": "топити"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "cu",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"roman": "potopiti",
"word": "потопити"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "topjá",
"word": "топя́"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "topi",
"word": "топи"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "то̀пити"
},
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "tòpiti"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "se topȉt"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "topit"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "topiti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "to drown",
"word": "topić"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"sense": "to drown",
"word": "topić"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"sense": "to flood",
"word": "topić"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "topiť"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "tüpait"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "topic"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "tôpjic"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "topiś"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "topić"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"id": "plunge"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "թաթաւեմ",
"3": "",
"4": "to soak (e.g. clothes in blood)"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian թաթաւեմ (tʻatʻawem, “to soak (e.g. clothes in blood)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tàpti",
"3": "",
"4": "to become"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tàpti (“to become”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "tapt",
"3": "",
"4": "to become, to get infected"
},
"expansion": "Latvian tapt (“to become, to get infected”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*taptéi",
"3": "*-iti",
"lang1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"t1": "to get stuck"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *taptéi (“to get stuck”) + *-iti",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear. Vasmer suggests a possible connection with Old Armenian թաթաւեմ (tʻatʻawem, “to soak (e.g. clothes in blood)”), but notes that it's quite conjectural. Trubachev notes that Zubaty and Stang suggest a connection with Lithuanian tàpti (“to become”), Latvian tapt (“to become, to get infected”), effectively from Proto-Balto-Slavic *taptéi (“to get stuck”) + *-iti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "topìti",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "topnǫti",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "aorist imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "topľenьje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "topiti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "topitъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "topilъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "aorist imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "topľenъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "topimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "topľь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "topę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "aorist imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "topixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topiši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topitь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topixově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "topita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topixomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topišę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "topite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topętь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "topi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaašeta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "topita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topľaaxǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "topimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "topite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "-1"
},
"name": "sla-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/topiti",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "deluge",
"translation": "deluge",
"word": "potopъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to plunge, to dunk",
"→ to sink, to submerge (in liquid)"
],
"links": [
[
"plunge",
"plunge"
],
[
"dunk",
"dunk"
],
[
"sink",
"sink"
],
[
"submerge",
"submerge"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to plunge, to dunk",
"→ to soak, to immerse"
],
"links": [
[
"plunge",
"plunge"
],
[
"dunk",
"dunk"
],
[
"soak",
"soak"
],
[
"immerse",
"immerse"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to plunge, to dunk",
"→ to drown"
],
"links": [
[
"plunge",
"plunge"
],
[
"dunk",
"dunk"
],
[
"drown",
"drown"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "topiti"
}
Download raw JSONL data for topiti meaning in Proto-Slavic (19.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (e2469cc and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.