"kъrtiti" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See kъrtiti in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: Normally reconstructed as a denominal verb of *(s)ker- (“to cut”) + *-tós (per Trubachyov). Given that the same root also produced palatalized 0-grade lemmas in Balto-Slavic, e.g. *čьrtati (“to draw”), it is likely that the plain velar forms were influenced by *kʷer- (“to make, to build”). Cognates in Balto-Slavic include Lithuanian kùrti (“to build”), Latvian kurt (“to excite”). Outside of Balto-Slavic, the root is related to Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), Latin curtus (“shortened”) as a descendant of *(s)ker- and to Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥tás (“made”), Proto-Celtic *kʷritus (“form”) as a descendant of *kʷer-. Etymology templates: {{affix|ine-pro|*(s)ker-|*-tós|nocat=1|t1=to cut}} *(s)ker- (“to cut”) + *-tós, {{cog|lt|kùrti||to build}} Lithuanian kùrti (“to build”), {{cog|lv|kurt||to excite}} Latvian kurt (“to excite”), {{cog|gem-pro|*skurtaz||short}} Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), {{cog|la|curtus||shortened}} Latin curtus (“shortened”), {{cog|iir-pro|*kr̥tás||made}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥tás (“made”), {{cog|cel-pro|*kʷritus||form}} Proto-Celtic *kʷritus (“form”) Inflection templates: {{sla-conj|impf|-1}} Forms: imperfective [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], kъrťenьje [noun-from-verb], kъrtiti [infinitive], kъrtitъ [supine], kъrtilъ [l-participle], imperfective [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], kъrťenъ [participle, passive, past], kъrtimъ [participle, passive, present], kъrťь [active, participle, past], kъrtę [active, participle, present], imperfective [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], kъrtixъ [aorist, first-person, singular], kъrti [aorist, second-person, singular], kъrti [aorist, singular, third-person], kъrťǫ [first-person, present, singular], kъrtiši [present, second-person, singular], kъrtitь [present, singular, third-person], kъrtixově [aorist, dual, first-person], kъrtista [aorist, dual, second-person], kъrtiste [aorist, dual, third-person], kъrtivě [dual, first-person, present], kъrtita [dual, present, second-person], kъrtite [dual, present, third-person], kъrtixomъ [aorist, first-person, plural], kъrtiste [aorist, plural, second-person], kъrtišę [aorist, plural, third-person], kъrtimъ [first-person, plural, present], kъrtite [plural, present, second-person], kъrtętь [plural, present, third-person], kъrťaaxъ [first-person, imperfect, singular], kъrťaaše [imperfect, second-person, singular], kъrťaaše [imperfect, singular, third-person], - [first-person, imperative, singular], kъrti [imperative, second-person, singular], kъrti [imperative, singular, third-person], kъrťaaxově [dual, first-person, imperfect], kъrťaašeta [dual, imperfect, second-person], kъrťaašete [dual, imperfect, third-person], kъrtivě [dual, first-person, imperative], kъrtita [dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, imperative, third-person], kъrťaaxomъ [first-person, imperfect, plural], kъrťaašete [imperfect, plural, second-person], kъrťaaxǫ [imperfect, plural, third-person], kъrtimъ [first-person, imperative, plural], kъrtite [imperative, plural, second-person], - [imperative, plural, third-person]
  1. to peck Tags: imperfective, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-kъrtiti-sla-pro-verb-DcJO1Lo9
  2. to thrash Tags: imperfective, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-kъrtiti-sla-pro-verb-hUoixe-t Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i- Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 40 60 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 27 73 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 21 79 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-: 14 86
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: kъrtěti Related terms: čersti (english: to carve, slash), čьrtati (english: to draw), čьrta (english: dash), kortъ (english: once, time), kortъkъ (english: short)
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "карціць",
            "t": "to yearn for"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: карціць (karcicʹ, “to yearn for”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: карціць (karcicʹ, “to yearn for”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "кортеть",
            "qq": "dialectal",
            "t": "to yearn for"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: кортеть (kortetʹ, “to yearn for”) (dialectal)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: кортеть (kortetʹ, “to yearn for”) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "кортіти",
            "t": "to yearn for"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: кортіти (kortity, “to yearn for”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: кортіти (kortity, “to yearn for”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "korcić",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Polish: korcić",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Polish: korcić"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: къртити (kŭrtiti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "къ́ртя"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: къ́ртя (kǎ́rtja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: къ́ртя (kǎ́rtja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "крти"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: крти (krti)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: крти (krti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "кртити",
            "sclb": "1",
            "t": "to agonize"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: кртити (“to agonize”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: кртити (“to agonize”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "krtiti",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: krtiti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: krtiti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "karcić"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: karcić",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: karcić"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "korćić"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: korćić",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: korćić"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)ker-",
        "3": "*-tós",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)ker- (“to cut”) + *-tós",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kùrti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to build"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kùrti (“to build”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kurt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to excite"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kurt (“to excite”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*skurtaz",
        "3": "",
        "4": "short"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "curtus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shortened"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin curtus (“shortened”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "iir-pro",
        "2": "*kr̥tás",
        "3": "",
        "4": "made"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥tás (“made”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*kʷritus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "form"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷritus (“form”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Normally reconstructed as a denominal verb of *(s)ker- (“to cut”) + *-tós (per Trubachyov). Given that the same root also produced palatalized 0-grade lemmas in Balto-Slavic, e.g. *čьrtati (“to draw”), it is likely that the plain velar forms were influenced by *kʷer- (“to make, to build”). Cognates in Balto-Slavic include Lithuanian kùrti (“to build”), Latvian kurt (“to excite”). Outside of Balto-Slavic, the root is related to Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), Latin curtus (“shortened”) as a descendant of *(s)ker- and to Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥tás (“made”), Proto-Celtic *kʷritus (“form”) as a descendant of *kʷer-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťenьje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtiti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtitъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtilъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťenъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtiši",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtitь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtixově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtiste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtixomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtiste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtišę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtętь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaašeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaaxǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "-1"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъrtiti",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "to carve, slash",
      "word": "čersti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "to draw",
      "word": "čьrtati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "dash",
      "word": "čьrta"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "once, time",
      "word": "kortъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "short",
      "word": "kortъkъ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to peck"
      ],
      "id": "en-kъrtiti-sla-pro-verb-DcJO1Lo9",
      "links": [
        [
          "peck",
          "peck"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "40 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 73",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 79",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 86",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to thrash"
      ],
      "id": "en-kъrtiti-sla-pro-verb-hUoixe-t",
      "links": [
        [
          "thrash",
          "thrash"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kъrtěti"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kъrtiti"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter",
    "Proto-Slavic verbs",
    "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
    "sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "карціць",
            "t": "to yearn for"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: карціць (karcicʹ, “to yearn for”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: карціць (karcicʹ, “to yearn for”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "кортеть",
            "qq": "dialectal",
            "t": "to yearn for"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: кортеть (kortetʹ, “to yearn for”) (dialectal)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: кортеть (kortetʹ, “to yearn for”) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "кортіти",
            "t": "to yearn for"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: кортіти (kortity, “to yearn for”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: кортіти (kortity, “to yearn for”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "korcić",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Polish: korcić",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Polish: korcić"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: къртити (kŭrtiti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "къ́ртя"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: къ́ртя (kǎ́rtja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: къ́ртя (kǎ́rtja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "крти"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: крти (krti)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: крти (krti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "кртити",
            "sclb": "1",
            "t": "to agonize"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: кртити (“to agonize”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: кртити (“to agonize”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "krtiti",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: krtiti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: krtiti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "karcić"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: karcić",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: karcić"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "korćić"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: korćić",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: korćić"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)ker-",
        "3": "*-tós",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)ker- (“to cut”) + *-tós",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kùrti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to build"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kùrti (“to build”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kurt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to excite"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kurt (“to excite”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*skurtaz",
        "3": "",
        "4": "short"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "curtus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shortened"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin curtus (“shortened”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "iir-pro",
        "2": "*kr̥tás",
        "3": "",
        "4": "made"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥tás (“made”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*kʷritus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "form"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷritus (“form”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Normally reconstructed as a denominal verb of *(s)ker- (“to cut”) + *-tós (per Trubachyov). Given that the same root also produced palatalized 0-grade lemmas in Balto-Slavic, e.g. *čьrtati (“to draw”), it is likely that the plain velar forms were influenced by *kʷer- (“to make, to build”). Cognates in Balto-Slavic include Lithuanian kùrti (“to build”), Latvian kurt (“to excite”). Outside of Balto-Slavic, the root is related to Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), Latin curtus (“shortened”) as a descendant of *(s)ker- and to Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥tás (“made”), Proto-Celtic *kʷritus (“form”) as a descendant of *kʷer-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťenьje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtiti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtitъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtilъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťenъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtiši",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtitь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtixově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtiste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtixomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtiste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtišę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtętь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaašeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrťaaxǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kъrtite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "-1"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъrtiti",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "to carve, slash",
      "word": "čersti"
    },
    {
      "english": "to draw",
      "word": "čьrtati"
    },
    {
      "english": "dash",
      "word": "čьrta"
    },
    {
      "english": "once, time",
      "word": "kortъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "short",
      "word": "kortъkъ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to peck"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "peck",
          "peck"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to thrash"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thrash",
          "thrash"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "kъrtěti"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kъrtiti"
}

Download raw JSONL data for kъrtiti meaning in Proto-Slavic (9.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.