"duxъ" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See duxъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-, variant of *dʰwes-. Cognate with Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”), Proto-Germanic *deuzą (“animal”). Etymology templates: {{root|sla-pro|ine-pro|*dʰews-}}, {{inh|sla-pro|ine-bsl-pro|*dausas}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas, {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*dʰews-}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-, {{cog|lt|daũsos|g=f-p|t=air}} Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”), {{cog|gem-pro|*deuzą|t=animal}} Proto-Germanic *deuzą (“animal”) Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|dȗxъ|ap=c}} Forms: dȗxъ [canonical, masculine], no-table-tags [table-tags], c [accent-paradigm], dȗxъ [nominative, singular], dȗxa [dual, nominative], dȗśi [nominative, plural], dȗxa [genitive, singular], duxù [dual, genitive], dũxъ [genitive, plural], dȗxu [dative, singular], duxomà [dative, dual], duxòmъ [dative, plural], dȗxъ [accusative, singular], dȗxa [accusative, dual], dȗxy [accusative, plural], dȗxъmь [instrumental, singular], dȗxomь [instrumental, singular], duxomà [dual, instrumental], duxý [instrumental, plural], dȗśě [locative, singular], duxù [dual, locative], duśě̃xъ [locative, plural], duše [singular, vocative], dȗxa [dual, vocative], dȗśi [plural, vocative]
  1. gust (of wind) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-DfxvYEDK
  2. breath (especially as manifestation of the life) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-PqhMdNhm Categories (other): Proto-Slavic terms with collocations
  3. soul Tags: reconstruction Derived forms (*duša (“soul”)): bezdušьnъ (english: heartless, soulless)
    Sense id: en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-rg-szPCj Disambiguation of '*duša (“soul”)': 0 11 72 17
  4. spirit Tags: reconstruction Derived forms (*duxovъ (“aerial, spiritual”)): duxovьnostь (english: spirituality), duxovьnikъ (english: cleric), duxovitъ (english: with high spirit)
    Sense id: en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-pomZrdMl Categories (other): Proto-Slavic terms with collocations, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 6 40 2 52 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 5 35 2 58 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 3 38 1 58 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c: 2 35 2 62 Disambiguation of '*duxovъ (“aerial, spiritual”)': 9 30 0 61
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: duxota (english: immateriality, transcendence), zaduxъ (english: asthma, shortness of air), vъzduxъ (english: air), dušiti (english: to sniff, to scent), oduxotvoriti < *duxъ + *tvoriti () (english: to enchant; to create)
Related terms: duti (english: to inflate, to swell), dunǫti (english: to blow off), dymъ (english: smoke), dymati (english: to smoke), duxati (english: to blow), duxnǫti (english: to blow up), dušiti (english: to suffocate), dyšati (english: to breath), dъxnǫti (english: to breath, to inhale), dъxъ (english: breath), dyxati (english: to breath), dyxъ (english: whiff), dyxъtěti, podušьka, duxъna (english: feather-bedspread)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "immateriality, transcendence",
      "word": "duxota"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "asthma, shortness of air",
      "word": "zaduxъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "air",
      "word": "vъzduxъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to sniff, to scent",
      "word": "dušiti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to enchant; to create",
      "word": "oduxotvoriti < *duxъ + *tvoriti ()"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "духъ",
            "t": "air"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: духъ (duxŭ, “air”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: духъ (duxŭ, “air”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "доухъ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: доухъ (duxŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: доухъ (duxŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⰴⱆⱈⱏ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰴⱆⱈⱏ (duxŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⰴⱆⱈⱏ (duxŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: дух (duh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: дух (duh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: дух (duh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: дух (duh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "dȕh",
            "3": "ду̏х"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: dȕh, ду̏х",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian: dȕh, ду̏х"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "dȗh",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: dȗh",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dȗh"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: dȗh (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: dȗh (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "Chod dialect"
          },
          "expansion": "(Chod dialect)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bohemian (Chod dialect): duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "dëch"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: dëch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: dëch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Non-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "doh",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: doh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: doh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "duh",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: duh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: duh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰews-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*dausas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰews-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "daũsos",
        "g": "f-p",
        "t": "air"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*deuzą",
        "t": "animal"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *deuzą (“animal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-, variant of *dʰwes-. Cognate with Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”), Proto-Germanic *deuzą (“animal”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dȗxъ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗśi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dũxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxomà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxòmъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxъmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxomь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxomà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxý",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗśě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duśě̃xъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duše",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗśi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dȗxъ",
        "ap": "c"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/duxъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to inflate, to swell",
      "word": "duti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to blow off",
      "word": "dunǫti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "smoke",
      "word": "dymъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to smoke",
      "word": "dymati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to blow",
      "word": "duxati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to blow up",
      "word": "duxnǫti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to suffocate",
      "word": "dušiti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to breath",
      "word": "dyšati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to breath, to inhale",
      "word": "dъxnǫti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "breath",
      "word": "dъxъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to breath",
      "word": "dyxati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "whiff",
      "word": "dyxъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "dyxъtěti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "podušьka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "feather-bedspread",
      "word": "duxъna"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gust (of wind)"
      ],
      "id": "en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-DfxvYEDK",
      "links": [
        [
          "gust",
          "gust"
        ],
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms with collocations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with collocations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to be dead, not alive",
          "text": "bezъ ducha byti",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to die",
          "text": "jьspustiti/vypustiti ducha",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "breath (especially as manifestation of the life)"
      ],
      "id": "en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-PqhMdNhm",
      "links": [
        [
          "breath",
          "breath"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "derived": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 11 72 17",
          "english": "heartless, soulless",
          "sense": "*duša (“soul”)",
          "word": "bezdušьnъ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "soul"
      ],
      "id": "en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-rg-szPCj",
      "links": [
        [
          "soul",
          "soul"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms with collocations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with collocations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 40 2 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 35 2 58",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 38 1 58",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 35 2 62",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "_dis1": "9 30 0 61",
          "english": "spirituality",
          "sense": "*duxovъ (“aerial, spiritual”)",
          "word": "duxovьnostь"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 30 0 61",
          "english": "cleric",
          "sense": "*duxovъ (“aerial, spiritual”)",
          "word": "duxovьnikъ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 30 0 61",
          "english": "with high spirit",
          "sense": "*duxovъ (“aerial, spiritual”)",
          "word": "duxovitъ"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "evil spirit",
          "text": "zъlъ duxъ",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spirit"
      ],
      "id": "en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-pomZrdMl",
      "links": [
        [
          "spirit",
          "spirit"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Rick Derksen"
  ],
  "word": "duxъ"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
    "Proto-Slavic nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰews-",
    "Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "immateriality, transcendence",
      "word": "duxota"
    },
    {
      "english": "asthma, shortness of air",
      "word": "zaduxъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "air",
      "word": "vъzduxъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "to sniff, to scent",
      "word": "dušiti"
    },
    {
      "english": "heartless, soulless",
      "sense": "*duša (“soul”)",
      "word": "bezdušьnъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "spirituality",
      "sense": "*duxovъ (“aerial, spiritual”)",
      "word": "duxovьnostь"
    },
    {
      "english": "cleric",
      "sense": "*duxovъ (“aerial, spiritual”)",
      "word": "duxovьnikъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "with high spirit",
      "sense": "*duxovъ (“aerial, spiritual”)",
      "word": "duxovitъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "to enchant; to create",
      "word": "oduxotvoriti < *duxъ + *tvoriti ()"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "духъ",
            "t": "air"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: духъ (duxŭ, “air”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: духъ (duxŭ, “air”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "доухъ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: доухъ (duxŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: доухъ (duxŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⰴⱆⱈⱏ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰴⱆⱈⱏ (duxŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⰴⱆⱈⱏ (duxŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: дух (duh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: дух (duh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: дух (duh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: дух (duh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "dȕh",
            "3": "ду̏х"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: dȕh, ду̏х",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian: dȕh, ду̏х"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "dȗh",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: dȗh",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dȗh"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: dȗh (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: dȗh (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "Chod dialect"
          },
          "expansion": "(Chod dialect)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bohemian (Chod dialect): duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "dëch"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: dëch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: dëch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Non-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "doh",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: doh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: doh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "duh",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: duh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: duh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰews-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*dausas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰews-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "daũsos",
        "g": "f-p",
        "t": "air"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*deuzą",
        "t": "animal"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *deuzą (“animal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-, variant of *dʰwes-. Cognate with Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”), Proto-Germanic *deuzą (“animal”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dȗxъ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗśi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dũxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxomà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxòmъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxъmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxomь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxomà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxý",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗśě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duśě̃xъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duše",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗśi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dȗxъ",
        "ap": "c"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/duxъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "to inflate, to swell",
      "word": "duti"
    },
    {
      "english": "to blow off",
      "word": "dunǫti"
    },
    {
      "english": "smoke",
      "word": "dymъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "to smoke",
      "word": "dymati"
    },
    {
      "english": "to blow",
      "word": "duxati"
    },
    {
      "english": "to blow up",
      "word": "duxnǫti"
    },
    {
      "english": "to suffocate",
      "word": "dušiti"
    },
    {
      "english": "to breath",
      "word": "dyšati"
    },
    {
      "english": "to breath, to inhale",
      "word": "dъxnǫti"
    },
    {
      "english": "breath",
      "word": "dъxъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "to breath",
      "word": "dyxati"
    },
    {
      "english": "whiff",
      "word": "dyxъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "dyxъtěti"
    },
    {
      "word": "podušьka"
    },
    {
      "english": "feather-bedspread",
      "word": "duxъna"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gust (of wind)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gust",
          "gust"
        ],
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Slavic terms with collocations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to be dead, not alive",
          "text": "bezъ ducha byti",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to die",
          "text": "jьspustiti/vypustiti ducha",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "breath (especially as manifestation of the life)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "breath",
          "breath"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "soul"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soul",
          "soul"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Slavic terms with collocations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "evil spirit",
          "text": "zъlъ duxъ",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spirit"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spirit",
          "spirit"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Rick Derksen"
  ],
  "word": "duxъ"
}

Download raw JSONL data for duxъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (9.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.