"duxъ" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See duxъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-, variant of *dʰwes-. Cognate with Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”), Proto-Germanic *deuzą (“animal”). Etymology templates: {{root|sla-pro|ine-pro|*dʰews-}}, {{inh|sla-pro|ine-bsl-pro|*dausas}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas, {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*dʰews-}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-, {{cog|lt|daũsos|g=f-p|t=air}} Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”), {{cog|gem-pro|*deuzą|t=animal}} Proto-Germanic *deuzą (“animal”) Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|dȗxъ|ap=c}} Forms: dȗxъ [canonical, masculine], no-table-tags [table-tags], c [accent-paradigm], dȗxъ [nominative, singular], dȗxa [dual, nominative], dȗśi [nominative, plural], dȗxa [genitive, singular], duxù [dual, genitive], dũxъ [genitive, plural], dȗxu [dative, singular], duxomà [dative, dual], duxòmъ [dative, plural], dȗxъ [accusative, singular], dȗxa [accusative, dual], dȗxy [accusative, plural], dȗxъmь [instrumental, singular], dȗxomь [instrumental, singular], duxomà [dual, instrumental], duxý [instrumental, plural], dȗśě [locative, singular], duxù [dual, locative], duśě̃xъ [locative, plural], duše [singular, vocative], dȗxa [dual, vocative], dȗśi [plural, vocative]
  1. gust (of wind) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-DfxvYEDK
  2. breath (especially as manifestation of the life) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-PqhMdNhm Categories (other): Proto-Slavic terms with collocations
  3. soul Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-rg-szPCj
  4. spirit Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-pomZrdMl Categories (other): Proto-Slavic terms with collocations, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 7 37 2 54 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 5 33 2 60 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 3 35 1 61 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c: 2 30 2 66
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: duša*bezdušьnъ () (english: soul; heartless, soulless), dušiti (english: to sniff, to scent), duxota (english: immateriality, transcendence), duxovъ*duxovitъ ()*duxovьnikъ ()*duxovьnostь () (english: aerial, spiritual; with high spirit; cleric; spirituality), oduxotvoriti < *duxъ + *tvoriti () (english: to enchant; to create), vъzduxъ (english: air), zaduxъ (english: asthma, shortness of air)
Related terms: duti (english: to inflate, to swell), dunǫti (english: to blow off), dymъ (english: smoke), dymati (english: to smoke), duxati (english: to blow), duxnǫti (english: to blow up), dušiti (english: to suffocate), dyšati (english: to breath), dъxnǫti (english: to breath, to inhale), dъxъ (english: breath), dyxati (english: to breath), dyxъ (english: whiff), dyxъtěti, podušьka, duxъna (english: feather-bedspread)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "soul; heartless, soulless",
      "word": "duša*bezdušьnъ ()"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to sniff, to scent",
      "word": "dušiti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "immateriality, transcendence",
      "word": "duxota"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "aerial, spiritual; with high spirit; cleric; spirituality",
      "word": "duxovъ*duxovitъ ()*duxovьnikъ ()*duxovьnostь ()"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to enchant; to create",
      "word": "oduxotvoriti < *duxъ + *tvoriti ()"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "air",
      "word": "vъzduxъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "asthma, shortness of air",
      "word": "zaduxъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "духъ",
            "t": "air"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: духъ (duxŭ, “air”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: духъ (duxŭ, “air”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "доухъ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: доухъ (duxŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: доухъ (duxŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⰴⱆⱈⱏ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰴⱆⱈⱏ (duxŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⰴⱆⱈⱏ (duxŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: дух (duh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: дух (duh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: дух (duh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: дух (duh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "dȕh",
            "3": "ду̏х"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: dȕh, ду̏х",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian: dȕh, ду̏х"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "dȗh",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: dȗh",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dȗh"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: dȗh (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: dȗh (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "Chod dialect"
          },
          "expansion": "(Chod dialect)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bohemian (Chod dialect): duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "dëch"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: dëch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: dëch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Non-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "doh",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: doh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: doh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "duh",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: duh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: duh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰews-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*dausas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰews-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "daũsos",
        "g": "f-p",
        "t": "air"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*deuzą",
        "t": "animal"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *deuzą (“animal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-, variant of *dʰwes-. Cognate with Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”), Proto-Germanic *deuzą (“animal”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dȗxъ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗśi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dũxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxomà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxòmъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxъmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxomь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxomà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxý",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗśě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duśě̃xъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duše",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗśi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dȗxъ",
        "ap": "c"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/duxъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to inflate, to swell",
      "word": "duti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to blow off",
      "word": "dunǫti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "smoke",
      "word": "dymъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to smoke",
      "word": "dymati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to blow",
      "word": "duxati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to blow up",
      "word": "duxnǫti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to suffocate",
      "word": "dušiti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to breath",
      "word": "dyšati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to breath, to inhale",
      "word": "dъxnǫti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "breath",
      "word": "dъxъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to breath",
      "word": "dyxati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "whiff",
      "word": "dyxъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "dyxъtěti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "podušьka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "feather-bedspread",
      "word": "duxъna"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gust (of wind)"
      ],
      "id": "en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-DfxvYEDK",
      "links": [
        [
          "gust",
          "gust"
        ],
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms with collocations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with collocations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to be dead, not alive",
          "text": "bezъ ducha byti",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to die",
          "text": "jьspustiti/vypustiti ducha",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "breath (especially as manifestation of the life)"
      ],
      "id": "en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-PqhMdNhm",
      "links": [
        [
          "breath",
          "breath"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "soul"
      ],
      "id": "en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-rg-szPCj",
      "links": [
        [
          "soul",
          "soul"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms with collocations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with collocations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 37 2 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 33 2 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 35 1 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 30 2 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "evil spirit",
          "text": "zъlъ duxъ",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spirit"
      ],
      "id": "en-duxъ-sla-pro-noun-pomZrdMl",
      "links": [
        [
          "spirit",
          "spirit"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Rick Derksen"
  ],
  "word": "duxъ"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
    "Proto-Slavic nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰews-",
    "Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "soul; heartless, soulless",
      "word": "duša*bezdušьnъ ()"
    },
    {
      "english": "to sniff, to scent",
      "word": "dušiti"
    },
    {
      "english": "immateriality, transcendence",
      "word": "duxota"
    },
    {
      "english": "aerial, spiritual; with high spirit; cleric; spirituality",
      "word": "duxovъ*duxovitъ ()*duxovьnikъ ()*duxovьnostь ()"
    },
    {
      "english": "to enchant; to create",
      "word": "oduxotvoriti < *duxъ + *tvoriti ()"
    },
    {
      "english": "air",
      "word": "vъzduxъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "asthma, shortness of air",
      "word": "zaduxъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "духъ",
            "t": "air"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: духъ (duxŭ, “air”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: духъ (duxŭ, “air”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: дух (dux)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: дух (dux)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "доухъ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: доухъ (duxŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: доухъ (duxŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⰴⱆⱈⱏ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰴⱆⱈⱏ (duxŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⰴⱆⱈⱏ (duxŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: дух (duh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: дух (duh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "дух"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: дух (duh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: дух (duh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "dȕh",
            "3": "ду̏х"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: dȕh, ду̏х",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian: dȕh, ду̏х"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "dȗh",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: dȗh",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dȗh"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: dȗh (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: dȗh (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "Chod dialect"
          },
          "expansion": "(Chod dialect)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bohemian (Chod dialect): duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "dëch"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: dëch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: dëch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "duch"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: duch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: duch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Non-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "doh",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: doh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: doh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "duh",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: duh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: duh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰews-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*dausas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰews-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "daũsos",
        "g": "f-p",
        "t": "air"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*deuzą",
        "t": "animal"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *deuzą (“animal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-, variant of *dʰwes-. Cognate with Lithuanian daũsos f pl (“air”), Proto-Germanic *deuzą (“animal”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dȗxъ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗśi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dũxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxomà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxòmъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxъmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxomь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxomà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxý",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗśě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duxù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duśě̃xъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duše",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dȗśi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dȗxъ",
        "ap": "c"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/duxъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "to inflate, to swell",
      "word": "duti"
    },
    {
      "english": "to blow off",
      "word": "dunǫti"
    },
    {
      "english": "smoke",
      "word": "dymъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "to smoke",
      "word": "dymati"
    },
    {
      "english": "to blow",
      "word": "duxati"
    },
    {
      "english": "to blow up",
      "word": "duxnǫti"
    },
    {
      "english": "to suffocate",
      "word": "dušiti"
    },
    {
      "english": "to breath",
      "word": "dyšati"
    },
    {
      "english": "to breath, to inhale",
      "word": "dъxnǫti"
    },
    {
      "english": "breath",
      "word": "dъxъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "to breath",
      "word": "dyxati"
    },
    {
      "english": "whiff",
      "word": "dyxъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "dyxъtěti"
    },
    {
      "word": "podušьka"
    },
    {
      "english": "feather-bedspread",
      "word": "duxъna"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gust (of wind)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gust",
          "gust"
        ],
        [
          "wind",
          "wind#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Slavic terms with collocations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to be dead, not alive",
          "text": "bezъ ducha byti",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to die",
          "text": "jьspustiti/vypustiti ducha",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "breath (especially as manifestation of the life)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "breath",
          "breath"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "soul"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soul",
          "soul"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Slavic terms with collocations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "evil spirit",
          "text": "zъlъ duxъ",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spirit"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spirit",
          "spirit"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Rick Derksen"
  ],
  "word": "duxъ"
}

Download raw JSONL data for duxъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (9.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.