"ľutъ" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See ľutъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: Perhaps a relic t-participle of Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljáutei, maybe conveying “to thrill, to surge” (per Mladenov). According to Endzelīns, akin to Latvian ļaũns (“evil, wicked”), ļoti (“highly, excessively”) (adverb), while Toporov considers potential relation to Lithuanian liáutis (“to cease, to stop oneself”). Compare also Proto-Germanic *leuþą (“song, appraisal”). Etymology templates: {{der|sla-pro|ine-bsl-pro|*ljáutei}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljáutei, {{cog|lv|ļaũns||evil, wicked}} Latvian ļaũns (“evil, wicked”), {{q|adverb}} (adverb), {{cog|lt|liáutis||to cease, to stop oneself}} Lithuanian liáutis (“to cease, to stop oneself”), {{cog|gem-pro|*leuþą||song, appraisal}} Proto-Germanic *leuþą (“song, appraisal”) Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], ľutъ [masculine, nominative, singular], ľuta [feminine, nominative, singular], ľuto [neuter, nominative, singular], ľuta [genitive, masculine, singular], ľuty [feminine, genitive, singular], ľuta [genitive, neuter, singular], ľutu [dative, masculine, singular], ľutě [dative, feminine, singular], ľutu [dative, neuter, singular], ľutъ [accusative, masculine, singular], ľutǫ [accusative, feminine, singular], ľuto [accusative, neuter, singular], ľutomь [instrumental, masculine, singular], ľutojǫ [feminine, instrumental, singular], ľutomь [instrumental, neuter, singular], ľutě [locative, masculine, singular], ľutě [feminine, locative, singular], ľutě [locative, neuter, singular], ľute [masculine, singular, vocative], ľuto [feminine, singular, vocative], ľuto [neuter, singular, vocative], ľuta [dual, masculine, nominative], ľutě [dual, feminine, nominative], ľutě [dual, neuter, nominative], ľutu [dual, genitive, masculine], ľutu [dual, feminine, genitive], ľutu [dual, genitive, neuter], ľutoma [dative, dual, masculine], ľutama [dative, dual, feminine], ľutoma [dative, dual, neuter], ľuta [accusative, dual, masculine], ľutě [accusative, dual, feminine], ľutě [accusative, dual, neuter], ľutoma [dual, instrumental, masculine], ľutama [dual, feminine, instrumental], ľutoma [dual, instrumental, neuter], ľutu [dual, locative, masculine], ľutu [dual, feminine, locative], ľutu [dual, locative, neuter], ľuta [dual, masculine, vocative], ľutě [dual, feminine, vocative], ľutě [dual, neuter, vocative], ľuti [masculine, nominative, plural], ľuty [feminine, nominative, plural], ľuta [neuter, nominative, plural], ľutъ [genitive, masculine, plural], ľutъ [feminine, genitive, plural], ľutъ [genitive, neuter, plural], ľutomъ [dative, masculine, plural], ľutamъ [dative, feminine, plural], ľutomъ [dative, neuter, plural], ľuty [accusative, masculine, plural], ľuty [accusative, feminine, plural], ľuta [accusative, neuter, plural], ľuty [instrumental, masculine, plural], ľutami [feminine, instrumental, plural], ľuty [instrumental, neuter, plural], ľutěxъ [locative, masculine, plural], ľutaxъ [feminine, locative, plural], ľutěxъ [locative, neuter, plural], ľuti [masculine, plural, vocative], ľuty [feminine, plural, vocative], ľuta [neuter, plural, vocative], no-table-tags [table-tags], ľutъjь [masculine, nominative, singular], ľutaja [feminine, nominative, singular], ľutoje [neuter, nominative, singular], ľutajego [genitive, masculine, singular], ľutyję̇ [feminine, genitive, singular], ľutajego [genitive, neuter, singular], ľutujemu [dative, masculine, singular], ľutěji [dative, feminine, singular], ľutujemu [dative, neuter, singular], ľutъjь [accusative, masculine, singular], ľutǫjǫ [accusative, feminine, singular], ľutoje [accusative, neuter, singular], ľutyjimь [instrumental, masculine, singular], ľutǫjǫ [feminine, instrumental, singular], ľutyjimь [instrumental, neuter, singular], ľutějemь [locative, masculine, singular], ľutěji [feminine, locative, singular], ľutějemь [locative, neuter, singular], ľutъjь [masculine, singular, vocative], ľutaja [feminine, singular, vocative], ľutoje [neuter, singular, vocative], ľutaja [dual, masculine, nominative], ľutěji [dual, feminine, nominative], ľutěji [dual, neuter, nominative], ľutuju [dual, genitive, masculine], ľutuju [dual, feminine, genitive], ľutuju [dual, genitive, neuter], ľutyjima [dative, dual, masculine], ľutyjima [dative, dual, feminine], ľutyjima [dative, dual, neuter], ľutaja [accusative, dual, masculine], ľutěji [accusative, dual, feminine], ľutěji [accusative, dual, neuter], ľutyjima [dual, instrumental, masculine], ľutyjima [dual, feminine, instrumental], ľutyjima [dual, instrumental, neuter], ľutuju [dual, locative, masculine], ľutuju [dual, feminine, locative], ľutuju [dual, locative, neuter], ľutaja [dual, masculine, vocative], ľutěji [dual, feminine, vocative], ľutěji [dual, neuter, vocative], ľutiji [masculine, nominative, plural], ľutyję̇ [feminine, nominative, plural], ľutaja [neuter, nominative, plural], ľutъjixъ [genitive, masculine, plural], ľutъjixъ [feminine, genitive, plural], ľutъjixъ [genitive, neuter, plural], ľutyjimъ [dative, masculine, plural], ľutyjimъ [dative, feminine, plural], ľutyjimъ [dative, neuter, plural], ľutyję̇ [accusative, masculine, plural], ľutyję̇ [accusative, feminine, plural], ľutaja [accusative, neuter, plural], ľutyjimi [instrumental, masculine, plural], ľutyjimi [feminine, instrumental, plural], ľutyjimi [instrumental, neuter, plural], ľutyjixъ [locative, masculine, plural], ľutyjixъ [feminine, locative, plural], ľutyjixъ [locative, neuter, plural], ľutiji [masculine, plural, vocative], ľutyję̇ [feminine, plural, vocative], ľutaja [neuter, plural, vocative]
  1. harsh, cruel, severe Tags: reconstruction Synonyms: *žestokъ, *surovъ, *grǫbъ Derived forms (*ľutivъ, *ľutěnъ): ľutivъka, ľutěnica (english: bitter, spicy appetizer)
    Sense id: en-ľutъ-sla-pro-adj-aQgqVuyp Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 40 23 37 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 37 27 35 Disambiguation of '*ľutivъ, *ľutěnъ': 82 8 10
  2. (by extension) spicy, pungent, abrasive (for taste) Tags: broadly, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-ľutъ-sla-pro-adj-EeigULJS Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 40 23 37 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 37 27 35
  3. (figurative) angry, fierce, violent, bloodthirsty (for person, animal) Tags: figuratively, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-ľutъ-sla-pro-adj-a83OL4z1 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 40 23 37 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 37 27 35 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 31 29 40 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b: 25 23 52
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: loviti (english: to hunt), luska, luspa (english: shell, scale), ludъ (english: mad) [possibly]
Derived forms: ľutiti, ľutěti (), ľutovati, ľuto (english: evil, wickedness), ľutьcь, ľutica, ľutunъ (english: evil, wicked person or animal), ľutakъ, ľutikъ, ľutiťь, ľutičę (english: type of pungent herb), ľutostь, ľutina, ľutyni (english: rugness, harshness, fierceness), ľutъkъ, ľutьnъ, ľutovъ
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ľutiti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "sę",
      "word": "ľutěti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ľutovati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "evil, wickedness",
      "word": "ľuto"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ľutьcь"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ľutica"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "evil, wicked person or animal",
      "word": "ľutunъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ľutakъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ľutikъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ľutiťь"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "type of pungent herb",
      "word": "ľutičę"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ľutostь"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ľutina"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "rugness, harshness, fierceness",
      "word": "ľutyni"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ľutъkъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ľutьnъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ľutovъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "лютъ",
            "3": "лютꙑи"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: лютъ (ljutŭ), лютꙑи (ljutyi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: лютъ (ljutŭ), лютꙑи (ljutyi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "лю́ты"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: лю́ты (ljúty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: лю́ты (ljúty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "лю́тый"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: лю́тый (ljútyj)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: лю́тый (ljútyj)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "лю́тий"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: лю́тий (ljútyj)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: лю́тий (ljútyj)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "лютъ",
            "tr": "ljutŭ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: лютъ (ljutŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic: лютъ (ljutŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "лют"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: лют (ljut)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: лют (ljut)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "лут"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: лут (lut)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: лут (lut)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "љу̑т",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: љу̑т",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: љу̑т"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ljȗt",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: ljȗt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: ljȗt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "ľútý"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: ľútý",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: ľútý"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "lítý"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: lítý",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: lítý"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "luty"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: luty",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: luty"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "luty",
            "t": "biting, cold (for weather)"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: luty (“biting, cold (for weather)”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: luty (“biting, cold (for weather)”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "ľúty"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: ľúty",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: ľúty"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "luty",
            "t": "pure"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: luty (“pure”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: luty (“pure”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*ljáutei"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljáutei",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ļaũns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "evil, wicked"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian ļaũns (“evil, wicked”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "(adverb)",
      "name": "q"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "liáutis",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to cease, to stop oneself"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian liáutis (“to cease, to stop oneself”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*leuþą",
        "3": "",
        "4": "song, appraisal"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leuþą (“song, appraisal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Perhaps a relic t-participle of Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljáutei, maybe conveying “to thrill, to surge” (per Mladenov). According to Endzelīns, akin to Latvian ļaũns (“evil, wicked”), ļoti (“highly, excessively”) (adverb), while Toporov considers potential relation to Lithuanian liáutis (“to cease, to stop oneself”). Compare also Proto-Germanic *leuþą (“song, appraisal”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuto",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuto",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutomь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutojǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutomь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľute",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuto",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuto",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutamъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutami",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъjь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutajego",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyję̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutajego",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutujemu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutujemu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъjь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutǫjǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutǫjǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutějemь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutějemь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъjь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutuju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutuju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutuju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjima",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjima",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjima",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjima",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjima",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjima",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutuju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutuju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutuju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutiji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyję̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъjixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъjixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъjixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyję̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyję̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutiji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyję̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ľutъ",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "to hunt",
      "word": "loviti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "luska"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "shell, scale",
      "word": "luspa"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "mad",
      "tags": [
        "possibly"
      ],
      "word": "ludъ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "40 23 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 27 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "_dis1": "82 8 10",
          "sense": "*ľutivъ, *ľutěnъ",
          "word": "ľutivъka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "82 8 10",
          "english": "bitter, spicy appetizer",
          "sense": "*ľutivъ, *ľutěnъ",
          "word": "ľutěnica"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, cruel, severe"
      ],
      "id": "en-ľutъ-sla-pro-adj-aQgqVuyp",
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*žestokъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "*surovъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "*grǫbъ"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "40 23 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 27 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spicy, pungent, abrasive (for taste)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ľutъ-sla-pro-adj-EeigULJS",
      "links": [
        [
          "spicy",
          "spicy"
        ],
        [
          "pungent",
          "pungent"
        ],
        [
          "abrasive",
          "abrasive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) spicy, pungent, abrasive (for taste)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "40 23 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 27 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 29 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 23 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "angry, fierce, violent, bloodthirsty (for person, animal)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ľutъ-sla-pro-adj-a83OL4z1",
      "links": [
        [
          "angry",
          "angry"
        ],
        [
          "fierce",
          "fierce"
        ],
        [
          "violent",
          "violent"
        ],
        [
          "bloodthirsty",
          "bloodthirsty"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) angry, fierce, violent, bloodthirsty (for person, animal)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ľutъ"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Slavic adjectives",
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic hard adjectives",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter",
    "sla-pro:Taste"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ľutiti"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sę",
      "word": "ľutěti"
    },
    {
      "word": "ľutovati"
    },
    {
      "english": "evil, wickedness",
      "word": "ľuto"
    },
    {
      "word": "ľutьcь"
    },
    {
      "word": "ľutica"
    },
    {
      "english": "evil, wicked person or animal",
      "word": "ľutunъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ľutakъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ľutikъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ľutiťь"
    },
    {
      "english": "type of pungent herb",
      "word": "ľutičę"
    },
    {
      "word": "ľutostь"
    },
    {
      "word": "ľutina"
    },
    {
      "english": "rugness, harshness, fierceness",
      "word": "ľutyni"
    },
    {
      "word": "ľutъkъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ľutьnъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ľutovъ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "*ľutivъ, *ľutěnъ",
      "word": "ľutivъka"
    },
    {
      "english": "bitter, spicy appetizer",
      "sense": "*ľutivъ, *ľutěnъ",
      "word": "ľutěnica"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "лютъ",
            "3": "лютꙑи"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: лютъ (ljutŭ), лютꙑи (ljutyi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: лютъ (ljutŭ), лютꙑи (ljutyi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "лю́ты"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: лю́ты (ljúty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: лю́ты (ljúty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "лю́тый"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: лю́тый (ljútyj)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: лю́тый (ljútyj)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "лю́тий"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: лю́тий (ljútyj)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: лю́тий (ljútyj)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "лютъ",
            "tr": "ljutŭ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: лютъ (ljutŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic: лютъ (ljutŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "лют"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: лют (ljut)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: лют (ljut)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "лут"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: лут (lut)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: лут (lut)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "љу̑т",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: љу̑т",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: љу̑т"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ljȗt",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: ljȗt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: ljȗt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "ľútý"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: ľútý",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: ľútý"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "lítý"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: lítý",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: lítý"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "luty"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: luty",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: luty"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "luty",
            "t": "biting, cold (for weather)"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: luty (“biting, cold (for weather)”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: luty (“biting, cold (for weather)”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "ľúty"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: ľúty",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: ľúty"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "luty",
            "t": "pure"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: luty (“pure”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: luty (“pure”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*ljáutei"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljáutei",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ļaũns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "evil, wicked"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian ļaũns (“evil, wicked”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "(adverb)",
      "name": "q"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "liáutis",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to cease, to stop oneself"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian liáutis (“to cease, to stop oneself”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*leuþą",
        "3": "",
        "4": "song, appraisal"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leuþą (“song, appraisal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Perhaps a relic t-participle of Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljáutei, maybe conveying “to thrill, to surge” (per Mladenov). According to Endzelīns, akin to Latvian ļaũns (“evil, wicked”), ļoti (“highly, excessively”) (adverb), while Toporov considers potential relation to Lithuanian liáutis (“to cease, to stop oneself”). Compare also Proto-Germanic *leuþą (“song, appraisal”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuto",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuto",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutomь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutojǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutomь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľute",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuto",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuto",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutamъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutami",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuty",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľuta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъjь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutajego",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyję̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutajego",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutujemu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutujemu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъjь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutǫjǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutǫjǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutějemь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutějemь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъjь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutoje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutuju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutuju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutuju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjima",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjima",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjima",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjima",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjima",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjima",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutuju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutuju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutuju",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutěji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutiji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyję̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъjixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъjixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutъjixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyję̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyję̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjimi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyjixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutiji",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutyję̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ľutaja",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ľutъ",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "to hunt",
      "word": "loviti"
    },
    {
      "word": "luska"
    },
    {
      "english": "shell, scale",
      "word": "luspa"
    },
    {
      "english": "mad",
      "tags": [
        "possibly"
      ],
      "word": "ludъ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, cruel, severe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*žestokъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "*surovъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "*grǫbъ"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "spicy, pungent, abrasive (for taste)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spicy",
          "spicy"
        ],
        [
          "pungent",
          "pungent"
        ],
        [
          "abrasive",
          "abrasive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) spicy, pungent, abrasive (for taste)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "angry, fierce, violent, bloodthirsty (for person, animal)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "angry",
          "angry"
        ],
        [
          "fierce",
          "fierce"
        ],
        [
          "violent",
          "violent"
        ],
        [
          "bloodthirsty",
          "bloodthirsty"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) angry, fierce, violent, bloodthirsty (for person, animal)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ľutъ"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ľutъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (17.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (9a214a4 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.