"dʰugh₂tḗr" meaning in Proto-Indo-European

See dʰugh₂tḗr in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: Perhaps from *dʰewgʰ- (“to produce”), originally meaning "the (potential) suckler, the one that draws milk" (compare Sanskrit दुहे (duhé) / दुग्धे (dugdhe)), + *-tḗr, the agentive nominal suffix common to other r-stem kinship terms. Etymology templates: {{cog|sa|दुहे|tr=duhé}} Sanskrit दुहे (duhé), {{suf|ine-pro||*-tḗr}} + *-tḗr Head templates: {{head|ine-pro|noun|g=f|g2=|g3=|head=|head2=|head3=|head4=|head5=}} *dʰugh₂tḗr f Inflection templates: {{ine-decl-noun-mf|dʰugh₂tér|dʰugtr̥|ac=hysterokinetic}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], dʰugh₂tḗr [nominative, singular], dʰugh₂térh₁ [dual, nominative], dʰugh₂térh₁e [dual, nominative], dʰugh₂téres [nominative, plural], dʰugh₂tér [singular, vocative], dʰugh₂térh₁ [dual, vocative], dʰugh₂térh₁e [dual, vocative], dʰugh₂téres [plural, vocative], dʰugh₂térm̥ [accusative, singular], dʰugh₂térh₁ [accusative, dual], dʰugh₂térh₁e [accusative, dual], dʰugh₂térm̥s [accusative, plural], dʰugtrés [genitive, singular], - [dual, genitive], dʰugtróHom [genitive, plural], dʰugtrés [ablative, singular], - [ablative, dual], dʰugtr̥mós [ablative, plural], dʰugtréy [dative, singular], - [dative, dual], dʰugtr̥mós [dative, plural], dʰugh₂tér [locative, singular], dʰugh₂téri [locative, singular], - [dual, locative], dʰugtr̥sú [locative, plural], dʰugtréh₁ [instrumental, singular], - [dual, instrumental], dʰugtr̥mís [instrumental, plural]
  1. daughter Tags: feminine, reconstruction Related terms (Middle Persian: [script needed] (*bgdwht' /⁠*bayduxt⁠/, “daugher of Ahuramazda; Venus”)): بیدخت (bayduxt, bīduxt) (english: Venus) [Classical-Persian], بغدخت (bağduxt) (english: Venus; via Northwestern Iranian) [Classical-Persian] Related terms (Proto-Hellenic: *diwós tʰúgatēr): Διὸς θυγάτηρ (Diòs thugátēr, Homeric epithet of Eos) (english: daughter of Zeus) [Ancient-Greek] Related terms (Proto-Hellenic: *hāwélioyyo tʰúgatēr): Ἠελίου θυγάτηρ (Ēelíou thugátēr, Homeric epithet of Circe) (english: daughter of Helios) [Ancient-Greek] Related terms (Vedic Sanskrit: दिवः दुहितर् (diváḥ dúhitar, “daughter of heaven”, epithet of Ushas)): ⇒ Vedic Sanskrit: दुहिता दिवः (duhitā́ diváḥ) Related terms (Vedic Sanskrit: सूर्यस्य दुहिता (sū́ryasya duhitā́, “daughter of Sūrya”)): ⇒ Vedic Sanskrit: सूरः दुहिता (sū́raḥ duhitā́), सूरे दुहिता (sū́re duhitā́) Coordinate_terms: ph₂tḗr, méh₂tēr, bʰréh₂tēr, swésōr, suHnús, átta

Download JSON data for dʰugh₂tḗr meaning in Proto-Indo-European (9.7kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-ana-pro"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hit",
            "2": "𒁺𒌓𒋻𒊑𒄿𒀀𒋾𒄿𒀀𒀸",
            "pos": "gen.sg.",
            "tr": "duttariyatiyas"
          },
          "expansion": "Hittite: 𒁺𒌓𒋻𒊑𒄿𒀀𒋾𒄿𒀀𒀸 (duttariyatiyas, gen.sg.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hittite: 𒁺𒌓𒋻𒊑𒄿𒀀𒋾𒄿𒀀𒀸 (duttariyatiyas, gen.sg.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Luwian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Luwian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒁺𒌓𒋻𒊑𒄿𒀀𒋾𒅖",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "duttariyatis"
          },
          "expansion": "Cuneiform script: 𒁺𒌓𒋻𒊑𒄿𒀀𒋾𒅖 (duttariyatis)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cuneiform script: 𒁺𒌓𒋻𒊑𒄿𒀀𒋾𒅖 (duttariyatis)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𔐱𔕬𔗬𔑰𔖱",
            "pos": "acc.sg.",
            "sc": "Hluw",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "^(FILIA)tú-wa-tar",
            "ts": "tuwatar"
          },
          "expansion": "Anatolian Hieroglyphs script: 𔐱𔕬𔗬𔑰𔖱 (^(FILIA)tú-wa-tar /⁠tuwatar⁠/, acc.sg.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Anatolian Hieroglyphs script: 𔐱𔕬𔗬𔑰𔖱 (^(FILIA)tú-wa-tar /⁠tuwatar⁠/, acc.sg.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlc",
            "2": "𐊋𐊂𐊀𐊗𐊕𐊀"
          },
          "expansion": "Lycian: 𐊋𐊂𐊀𐊗𐊕𐊀 (kbatra)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lycian: 𐊋𐊂𐊀𐊗𐊕𐊀 (kbatra)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Armenian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xcl",
            "2": "դուստր"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Armenian: դուստր (dustr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Armenian: դուստր (dustr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "դուստր"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: դուստր (dustr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: դուստր (dustr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "*duktḗ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *duktḗ",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *duktḗ (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-pro",
            "2": "*duxtīr"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *duxtīr",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Celtic: *duxtīr (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*duhtēr"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *duhtēr",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *duhtēr (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*tʰúgatēr"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *tʰúgatēr",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *tʰúgatēr (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*dʰúgʰHtā"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰúgʰHtā",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰúgʰHtā (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "alt": "*fuktēr"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *fuktēr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *fuktēr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osc",
            "2": "𐌚𐌖𐌕𐌝𐌓"
          },
          "expansion": "Oscan: 𐌚𐌖𐌕𐌝𐌓 (futír)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Oscan: 𐌚𐌖𐌕𐌝𐌓 (futír)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-toc-pro",
            "2": "*t(ŭ)kācēr"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *t(ŭ)kācēr",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Tocharian: *t(ŭ)kācēr (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "दुहे",
        "tr": "duhé"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit दुहे (duhé)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-tḗr"
      },
      "expansion": "+ *-tḗr",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Perhaps from *dʰewgʰ- (“to produce”), originally meaning \"the (potential) suckler, the one that draws milk\" (compare Sanskrit दुहे (duhé) / दुग्धे (dugdhe)), + *-tḗr, the agentive nominal suffix common to other r-stem kinship terms.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂tḗr",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térh₁e",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂téres",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂tér",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térh₁e",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂téres",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térm̥",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térh₁e",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térm̥s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtrés",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtróHom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtrés",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtr̥mós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtréy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtr̥mós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂tér",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂téri",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtr̥sú",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtréh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtr̥mís",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "head4": "",
        "head5": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰugh₂tḗr f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dʰugh₂tér",
        "2": "dʰugtr̥",
        "ac": "hysterokinetic"
      },
      "name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰugh₂tḗr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-tḗr",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "ph₂tḗr"
        },
        {
          "word": "méh₂tēr"
        },
        {
          "word": "bʰréh₂tēr"
        },
        {
          "word": "swésōr"
        },
        {
          "word": "suHnús"
        },
        {
          "word": "átta"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "daughter"
      ],
      "id": "en-dʰugh₂tḗr-ine-pro-noun-TtKPgsqW",
      "links": [
        [
          "daughter",
          "daughter"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "daughter of Zeus",
          "roman": "Diòs thugátēr, Homeric epithet of Eos",
          "sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *diwós tʰúgatēr",
          "tags": [
            "Ancient-Greek"
          ],
          "word": "Διὸς θυγάτηρ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "duhitā́ diváḥ",
          "sense": "Vedic Sanskrit: दिवः दुहितर् (diváḥ dúhitar, “daughter of heaven”, epithet of Ushas)",
          "word": "⇒ Vedic Sanskrit: दुहिता दिवः"
        },
        {
          "english": "Venus",
          "roman": "bayduxt, bīduxt",
          "sense": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (*bgdwht' /⁠*bayduxt⁠/, “daugher of Ahuramazda; Venus”)",
          "tags": [
            "Classical-Persian"
          ],
          "word": "بیدخت"
        },
        {
          "english": "Venus; via Northwestern Iranian",
          "roman": "bağduxt",
          "sense": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (*bgdwht' /⁠*bayduxt⁠/, “daugher of Ahuramazda; Venus”)",
          "tags": [
            "Classical-Persian"
          ],
          "word": "بغدخت"
        },
        {
          "english": "daughter of Helios",
          "roman": "Ēelíou thugátēr, Homeric epithet of Circe",
          "sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *hāwélioyyo tʰúgatēr",
          "tags": [
            "Ancient-Greek"
          ],
          "word": "Ἠελίου θυγάτηρ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sū́raḥ duhitā́",
          "sense": "Vedic Sanskrit: सूर्यस्य दुहिता (sū́ryasya duhitā́, “daughter of Sūrya”)",
          "word": "⇒ Vedic Sanskrit: सूरः दुहिता"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sū́re duhitā́",
          "sense": "Vedic Sanskrit: सूर्यस्य दुहिता (sū́ryasya duhitā́, “daughter of Sūrya”)",
          "word": "सूरे दुहिता"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "dʰugh₂tḗr"
}
{
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "word": "ph₂tḗr"
    },
    {
      "word": "méh₂tēr"
    },
    {
      "word": "bʰréh₂tēr"
    },
    {
      "word": "swésōr"
    },
    {
      "word": "suHnús"
    },
    {
      "word": "átta"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-ana-pro"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hit",
            "2": "𒁺𒌓𒋻𒊑𒄿𒀀𒋾𒄿𒀀𒀸",
            "pos": "gen.sg.",
            "tr": "duttariyatiyas"
          },
          "expansion": "Hittite: 𒁺𒌓𒋻𒊑𒄿𒀀𒋾𒄿𒀀𒀸 (duttariyatiyas, gen.sg.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hittite: 𒁺𒌓𒋻𒊑𒄿𒀀𒋾𒄿𒀀𒀸 (duttariyatiyas, gen.sg.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Luwian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Luwian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒁺𒌓𒋻𒊑𒄿𒀀𒋾𒅖",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "duttariyatis"
          },
          "expansion": "Cuneiform script: 𒁺𒌓𒋻𒊑𒄿𒀀𒋾𒅖 (duttariyatis)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cuneiform script: 𒁺𒌓𒋻𒊑𒄿𒀀𒋾𒅖 (duttariyatis)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𔐱𔕬𔗬𔑰𔖱",
            "pos": "acc.sg.",
            "sc": "Hluw",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "^(FILIA)tú-wa-tar",
            "ts": "tuwatar"
          },
          "expansion": "Anatolian Hieroglyphs script: 𔐱𔕬𔗬𔑰𔖱 (^(FILIA)tú-wa-tar /⁠tuwatar⁠/, acc.sg.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Anatolian Hieroglyphs script: 𔐱𔕬𔗬𔑰𔖱 (^(FILIA)tú-wa-tar /⁠tuwatar⁠/, acc.sg.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlc",
            "2": "𐊋𐊂𐊀𐊗𐊕𐊀"
          },
          "expansion": "Lycian: 𐊋𐊂𐊀𐊗𐊕𐊀 (kbatra)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lycian: 𐊋𐊂𐊀𐊗𐊕𐊀 (kbatra)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Armenian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xcl",
            "2": "դուստր"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Armenian: դուստր (dustr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Armenian: դուստր (dustr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "դուստր"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: դուստր (dustr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: դուստր (dustr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "*duktḗ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *duktḗ",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *duktḗ (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-pro",
            "2": "*duxtīr"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *duxtīr",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Celtic: *duxtīr (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*duhtēr"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *duhtēr",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *duhtēr (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*tʰúgatēr"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *tʰúgatēr",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *tʰúgatēr (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*dʰúgʰHtā"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰúgʰHtā",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰúgʰHtā (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "alt": "*fuktēr"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *fuktēr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *fuktēr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osc",
            "2": "𐌚𐌖𐌕𐌝𐌓"
          },
          "expansion": "Oscan: 𐌚𐌖𐌕𐌝𐌓 (futír)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Oscan: 𐌚𐌖𐌕𐌝𐌓 (futír)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-toc-pro",
            "2": "*t(ŭ)kācēr"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *t(ŭ)kācēr",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Tocharian: *t(ŭ)kācēr (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "दुहे",
        "tr": "duhé"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit दुहे (duhé)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-tḗr"
      },
      "expansion": "+ *-tḗr",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Perhaps from *dʰewgʰ- (“to produce”), originally meaning \"the (potential) suckler, the one that draws milk\" (compare Sanskrit दुहे (duhé) / दुग्धे (dugdhe)), + *-tḗr, the agentive nominal suffix common to other r-stem kinship terms.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂tḗr",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térh₁e",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂téres",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂tér",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térh₁e",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂téres",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térm̥",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térh₁e",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂térm̥s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtrés",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtróHom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtrés",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtr̥mós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtréy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtr̥mós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂tér",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugh₂téri",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtr̥sú",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtréh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dʰugtr̥mís",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "head4": "",
        "head5": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰugh₂tḗr f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dʰugh₂tér",
        "2": "dʰugtr̥",
        "ac": "hysterokinetic"
      },
      "name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰugh₂tḗr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "daughter of Zeus",
      "roman": "Diòs thugátēr, Homeric epithet of Eos",
      "sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *diwós tʰúgatēr",
      "tags": [
        "Ancient-Greek"
      ],
      "word": "Διὸς θυγάτηρ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "duhitā́ diváḥ",
      "sense": "Vedic Sanskrit: दिवः दुहितर् (diváḥ dúhitar, “daughter of heaven”, epithet of Ushas)",
      "word": "⇒ Vedic Sanskrit: दुहिता दिवः"
    },
    {
      "english": "Venus",
      "roman": "bayduxt, bīduxt",
      "sense": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (*bgdwht' /⁠*bayduxt⁠/, “daugher of Ahuramazda; Venus”)",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ],
      "word": "بیدخت"
    },
    {
      "english": "Venus; via Northwestern Iranian",
      "roman": "bağduxt",
      "sense": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (*bgdwht' /⁠*bayduxt⁠/, “daugher of Ahuramazda; Venus”)",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ],
      "word": "بغدخت"
    },
    {
      "english": "daughter of Helios",
      "roman": "Ēelíou thugátēr, Homeric epithet of Circe",
      "sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *hāwélioyyo tʰúgatēr",
      "tags": [
        "Ancient-Greek"
      ],
      "word": "Ἠελίου θυγάτηρ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sū́raḥ duhitā́",
      "sense": "Vedic Sanskrit: सूर्यस्य दुहिता (sū́ryasya duhitā́, “daughter of Sūrya”)",
      "word": "⇒ Vedic Sanskrit: सूरः दुहिता"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sū́re duhitā́",
      "sense": "Vedic Sanskrit: सूर्यस्य दुहिता (sū́ryasya duhitā́, “daughter of Sūrya”)",
      "word": "सूरे दुहिता"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Indo-European feminine nouns",
        "Proto-Indo-European hysterokinetic r-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
        "Proto-Indo-European nouns",
        "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-tḗr",
        "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "ine-pro:Female family members"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "daughter"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "daughter",
          "daughter"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "dʰugh₂tḗr"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.