See twīgą in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "twiġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English: twiġ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: twiġ; twī; (twīġa); (twicg, twigg)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "twi",
"3": "twyg",
"4": "twig"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: twi, twyg, twig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: twi, twyg, twig; (twigge, twig)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "twigg",
"3": "tuigg"
},
"expansion": "Scots: twigg, tuigg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: twigg, tuigg"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "twig"
},
"expansion": "English: twig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: twig"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*twīch"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *twīch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *twīch"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "twiig"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: twiig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: twiig"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Twiech"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Twiech",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Twiech"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "twiich"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: twiich",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: twiich"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*twig",
"3": "*twīh"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *twig, *twīh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *twig, *twīh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "twîch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: twîch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: twîch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Twieg"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Twieg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Twieg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*twig",
"3": "*twīh"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *twig, *twīh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *twig, *twīh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "twijch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: twijch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: twijch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "twijg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: twijg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: twijg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zwīg"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zwīg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zwīg; (zwī)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zwīc"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: zwīc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: zwīc; (zwī)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Zweig"
},
"expansion": "German: Zweig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Zweig"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Zwäig"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Zwäig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Zwäig"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "צווײַג"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: צווײַג (tsvayg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: צווײַג (tsvayg)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dwigʰon",
"t": "forked branch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwigʰon (“forked branch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "двигъ",
"t": "branch"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic двигъ (dvigŭ, “branch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "degë",
"t": "branch"
},
"expansion": "Albanian degë (“branch”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dwigʰon (“forked branch”), which Orel derives from *dwóh₁ (“two”), presumably based on the two-forked shape of twigs, though Kroonen adduces no cognates outside of Germanic and leaves the origin open. Compare Old Church Slavonic двигъ (dvigŭ, “branch”), Albanian degë (“branch”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/twīgą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"branch"
],
"id": "en-twīgą-gem-pro-noun-84x2TIqg",
"links": [
[
"branch",
"branch"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"sense": "branch",
"word": "astaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 17",
"sense": "branch",
"word": "limuz"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"twig"
],
"id": "en-twīgą-gem-pro-noun-O2tJ6OIy",
"links": [
[
"twig",
"twig"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtwiː.ɣɑ̃/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "snaisō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tainaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "telguz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "telgǭ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "twōgaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "t(w)ōgô"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "twīgą"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "twiġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English: twiġ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: twiġ; twī; (twīġa); (twicg, twigg)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "twi",
"3": "twyg",
"4": "twig"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: twi, twyg, twig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: twi, twyg, twig; (twigge, twig)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "twigg",
"3": "tuigg"
},
"expansion": "Scots: twigg, tuigg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: twigg, tuigg"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "twig"
},
"expansion": "English: twig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: twig"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*twīch"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *twīch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *twīch"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "twiig"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: twiig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: twiig"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Twiech"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Twiech",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Twiech"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "twiich"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: twiich",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: twiich"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*twig",
"3": "*twīh"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *twig, *twīh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *twig, *twīh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "twîch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: twîch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: twîch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Twieg"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Twieg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Twieg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*twig",
"3": "*twīh"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *twig, *twīh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *twig, *twīh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "twijch"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: twijch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: twijch"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "twijg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: twijg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: twijg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zwīg"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zwīg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zwīg; (zwī)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zwīc"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: zwīc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: zwīc; (zwī)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Zweig"
},
"expansion": "German: Zweig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Zweig"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Zwäig"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Zwäig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Zwäig"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "צווײַג"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: צווײַג (tsvayg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: צווײַג (tsvayg)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dwigʰon",
"t": "forked branch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwigʰon (“forked branch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "двигъ",
"t": "branch"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic двигъ (dvigŭ, “branch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "degë",
"t": "branch"
},
"expansion": "Albanian degë (“branch”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dwigʰon (“forked branch”), which Orel derives from *dwóh₁ (“two”), presumably based on the two-forked shape of twigs, though Kroonen adduces no cognates outside of Germanic and leaves the origin open. Compare Old Church Slavonic двигъ (dvigŭ, “branch”), Albanian degë (“branch”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīgamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/twīgą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"branch"
],
"links": [
[
"branch",
"branch"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"twig"
],
"links": [
[
"twig",
"twig"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtwiː.ɣɑ̃/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "branch",
"word": "astaz"
},
{
"sense": "branch",
"word": "limuz"
},
{
"word": "snaisō"
},
{
"word": "tainaz"
},
{
"word": "telguz"
},
{
"word": "telgǭ"
},
{
"word": "twōgaz"
},
{
"word": "t(w)ōgô"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "twīgą"
}
Download raw JSONL data for twīgą meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.