See tainaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tainijǭ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*tain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *tain\nOld English: tān\nMiddle English: *tan\nEnglish: tan (“twig, small switch”)\n⇒ Old English: misteltān\nMiddle English: mistelta, mistilte, mistelto, mystiltyne, mystilltyn, mystyldene\nScots: misseldeu, messeldeu\nEnglish: mistletoe\nOld Frisian: *tēn\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: Täinelse (“garden fence woven from willow rods”)\nWest Frisian: tien\nOld Saxon: tēn\nMiddle Low German: tên\nOld Dutch: *tēn\nMiddle Dutch: têne\nDutch: teen\nLimburgish: tieën\nOld High German: zein\nMiddle High German: zein\nGerman: Zein, Zain",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *tain\nOld English: tān\nMiddle English: *tan\nEnglish: tan (“twig, small switch”)\n⇒ Old English: misteltān\nMiddle English: mistelta, mistilte, mistelto, mystiltyne, mystilltyn, mystyldene\nScots: misseldeu, messeldeu\nEnglish: mistletoe\nOld Frisian: *tēn\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: Täinelse (“garden fence woven from willow rods”)\nWest Frisian: tien\nOld Saxon: tēn\nMiddle Low German: tên\nOld Dutch: *tēn\nMiddle Dutch: têne\nDutch: teen\nLimburgish: tieën\nOld High German: zein\nMiddle High German: zein\nGerman: Zein, Zain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "teinn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: teinn\nIcelandic: teinn\nFaroese: teinur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tein; (dialectal) teidn, tæn\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: tein\nOld Swedish: tēn\nSwedish: ten\nDanish: ten\nNorwegian Bokmål: ten",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: teinn\nIcelandic: teinn\nFaroese: teinur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tein; (dialectal) teidn, tæn\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: tein\nOld Swedish: tēn\nSwedish: ten\nDanish: ten\nNorwegian Bokmål: ten"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (tains)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (tains)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*taina",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *taina",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *taina (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pre-Germanic",
"name": "pre-Germanic"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; expected to reflect pre-Germanic *doynos. Kroonen connects *tiną (“tin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tainaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tainōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tainōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tainōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tainōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tainą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tainanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tainas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tainis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tainǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tainai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tainamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tainō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tainamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tainaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"rod"
],
"id": "en-tainaz-gem-pro-noun-rkpqzXGY",
"links": [
[
"rod",
"rod"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*furkaz"
},
{
"word": "*galgô"
},
{
"word": "*mastaz"
},
{
"word": "*rōdō"
},
{
"word": "*skaftaz"
},
{
"word": "*spaluz"
},
{
"word": "*spīrǭ"
},
{
"word": "*stauraz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 64 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 78 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 86 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"twig"
],
"id": "en-tainaz-gem-pro-noun-O2tJ6OIy",
"links": [
[
"twig",
"twig"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*telguz"
},
{
"word": "*tōgô"
},
{
"word": "*twīgą"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"straw"
],
"id": "en-tainaz-gem-pro-noun-6foEU4aU",
"links": [
[
"straw",
"straw"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*halmaz"
},
{
"word": "*strawą"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lot"
],
"id": "en-tainaz-gem-pro-noun-t7MNbk-M",
"links": [
[
"lot",
"lot"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*hlautaz"
},
{
"word": "*hlutą"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑi̯.nɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Germanic parent language"
],
"word": "tainaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tainijǭ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*tain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *tain\nOld English: tān\nMiddle English: *tan\nEnglish: tan (“twig, small switch”)\n⇒ Old English: misteltān\nMiddle English: mistelta, mistilte, mistelto, mystiltyne, mystilltyn, mystyldene\nScots: misseldeu, messeldeu\nEnglish: mistletoe\nOld Frisian: *tēn\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: Täinelse (“garden fence woven from willow rods”)\nWest Frisian: tien\nOld Saxon: tēn\nMiddle Low German: tên\nOld Dutch: *tēn\nMiddle Dutch: têne\nDutch: teen\nLimburgish: tieën\nOld High German: zein\nMiddle High German: zein\nGerman: Zein, Zain",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *tain\nOld English: tān\nMiddle English: *tan\nEnglish: tan (“twig, small switch”)\n⇒ Old English: misteltān\nMiddle English: mistelta, mistilte, mistelto, mystiltyne, mystilltyn, mystyldene\nScots: misseldeu, messeldeu\nEnglish: mistletoe\nOld Frisian: *tēn\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: Täinelse (“garden fence woven from willow rods”)\nWest Frisian: tien\nOld Saxon: tēn\nMiddle Low German: tên\nOld Dutch: *tēn\nMiddle Dutch: têne\nDutch: teen\nLimburgish: tieën\nOld High German: zein\nMiddle High German: zein\nGerman: Zein, Zain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "teinn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: teinn\nIcelandic: teinn\nFaroese: teinur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tein; (dialectal) teidn, tæn\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: tein\nOld Swedish: tēn\nSwedish: ten\nDanish: ten\nNorwegian Bokmål: ten",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: teinn\nIcelandic: teinn\nFaroese: teinur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tein; (dialectal) teidn, tæn\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: tein\nOld Swedish: tēn\nSwedish: ten\nDanish: ten\nNorwegian Bokmål: ten"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (tains)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (tains)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*taina",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *taina",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *taina (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pre-Germanic",
"name": "pre-Germanic"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; expected to reflect pre-Germanic *doynos. Kroonen connects *tiną (“tin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tainaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tainōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tainōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tainōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tainōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tainą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tainanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tainas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tainis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tainǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tainai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tainamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tainō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tainamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tainaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gem-pro:Tools"
],
"glosses": [
"rod"
],
"links": [
[
"rod",
"rod"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*furkaz"
},
{
"word": "*galgô"
},
{
"word": "*mastaz"
},
{
"word": "*rōdō"
},
{
"word": "*skaftaz"
},
{
"word": "*spaluz"
},
{
"word": "*spīrǭ"
},
{
"word": "*stauraz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gem-pro:Plants"
],
"glosses": [
"twig"
],
"links": [
[
"twig",
"twig"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*telguz"
},
{
"word": "*tōgô"
},
{
"word": "*twīgą"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"straw"
],
"links": [
[
"straw",
"straw"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*halmaz"
},
{
"word": "*strawą"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lot"
],
"links": [
[
"lot",
"lot"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*hlautaz"
},
{
"word": "*hlutą"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑi̯.nɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Germanic parent language"
],
"word": "tainaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tainaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.