"pena" meaning in Portuguese

See pena in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Interjection

IPA: /ˈpẽ.nɐ/ [Brazil], /ˈpẽ.nɐ/ [Brazil], /ˈpe.na/ [Southern-Brazil], /ˈpe.nɐ/ [Portugal]
Rhymes: -enɐ, (Brazil) -ẽnɐ Etymology: From Old Galician-Portuguese pena (displacing pẽa), from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂. Etymology templates: {{inh|pt|roa-opt|pena}} Old Galician-Portuguese pena, {{m|roa-opt|pẽa}} pẽa, {{inh|pt|la|poena}} Latin poena, {{der|pt|grc|ποινή||penalty, fine, bloodmoney}} Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”), {{der|pt|ine-pro|*kʷoynéh₂}} Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂ Head templates: {{head|pt|interjection|head=pena|sort=}} pena, {{pt-interj}} pena
  1. pity (what a shame, what a pity) Related terms: penar, penitência, penitente, vale a pena
    Sense id: en-pena-pt-intj-ldbplsmt
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈpẽ.nɐ/ [Brazil], /ˈpẽ.nɐ/ [Brazil], /ˈpe.na/ [Southern-Brazil], /ˈpe.nɐ/ [Portugal] Forms: penas [plural]
Rhymes: -enɐ, (Brazil) -ẽnɐ Etymology: From Old Galician-Portuguese pena (displacing pẽa), from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂. Etymology templates: {{inh|pt|roa-opt|pena}} Old Galician-Portuguese pena, {{m|roa-opt|pẽa}} pẽa, {{inh|pt|la|poena}} Latin poena, {{der|pt|grc|ποινή||penalty, fine, bloodmoney}} Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”), {{der|pt|ine-pro|*kʷoynéh₂}} Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂ Head templates: {{pt-noun|f}} pena f (plural penas)
  1. punishment Tags: feminine Synonyms: castigo, condenação
    Sense id: en-pena-pt-noun-b7d48KWB
  2. pain; sadness Tags: feminine Synonyms: dor, tristeza
    Sense id: en-pena-pt-noun-O~vHzM9w
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: penoso
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈpẽ.nɐ/ [Brazil], /ˈpẽ.nɐ/ [Brazil], /ˈpe.na/ [Southern-Brazil], /ˈpe.nɐ/ [Portugal] Forms: penas [plural]
Etymology: From Old Galician-Portuguese pena, from Latin penna and pinna, from Proto-Italic *petnā (“feather, wing”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”). Etymology templates: {{inh|pt|roa-opt|pena}} Old Galician-Portuguese pena, {{inh|pt|la|penna}} Latin penna, {{m|la|pinna}} pinna, {{inh|pt|itc-pro|*petnā||feather, wing}} Proto-Italic *petnā (“feather, wing”), {{inh|pt|ine-pro|*péth₂r̥|*péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én-|feather, wing}} Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), {{m|ine-pro|*peth₂-||to fly}} *peth₂- (“to fly”) Head templates: {{pt-noun|f}} pena f (plural penas)
  1. feather Tags: feminine Synonyms: pluma
    Sense id: en-pena-pt-noun-pt:feather
  2. quill (pen made from a feather) Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-pena-pt-noun-pt:quill
  3. (dated) Alternative form of penha Tags: alt-of, alternative, dated, feminine Alternative form of: penha
    Sense id: en-pena-pt-noun-e9DAlxWS
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: penada, Pena, Penacova, Penafiel, Penalva Related terms: plumagem, penugem
Etymology number: 2

Verb

IPA: /ˈpẽ.nɐ/ [Brazil], /ˈpẽ.nɐ/ [Brazil], /ˈpe.na/ [Southern-Brazil], /ˈpɛ.nɐ/ [Portugal]
Rhymes: (Portugal) -ɛnɐ, (Brazil) -enɐ, (Brazil) -ẽnɐ Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|pt|verb form}} pena
  1. inflection of penar: Tags: form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person Form of: penar
    Sense id: en-pena-pt-verb-v5oSZjyW Categories (other): Portuguese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with incorrect language header: 26 0 13 0 6 1 36 17
  2. inflection of penar: Tags: form-of, imperative, second-person, singular Form of: penar
    Sense id: en-pena-pt-verb-3hQI35VS
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for pena meaning in Portuguese (7.6kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "penoso"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "pena"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese pena",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roa-opt",
        "2": "pẽa"
      },
      "expansion": "pẽa",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "poena"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin poena",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ποινή",
        "4": "",
        "5": "penalty, fine, bloodmoney"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kʷoynéh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese pena (displacing pẽa), from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "penas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "pena f (plural penas)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧na"
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "punishment"
      ],
      "id": "en-pena-pt-noun-b7d48KWB",
      "links": [
        [
          "punishment",
          "punishment"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "castigo"
        },
        {
          "word": "condenação"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pain; sadness"
      ],
      "id": "en-pena-pt-noun-O~vHzM9w",
      "links": [
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ],
        [
          "sadness",
          "sadness"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dor"
        },
        {
          "word": "tristeza"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.na/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-enɐ"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Brazil) -ẽnɐ"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pena"
  ],
  "word": "pena"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "pena"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese pena",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roa-opt",
        "2": "pẽa"
      },
      "expansion": "pẽa",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "poena"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin poena",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ποινή",
        "4": "",
        "5": "penalty, fine, bloodmoney"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kʷoynéh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese pena (displacing pẽa), from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "interjection",
        "head": "pena",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "pena",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pena",
      "name": "pt-interj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧na"
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "intj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pity (what a shame, what a pity)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pena-pt-intj-ldbplsmt",
      "links": [
        [
          "pity",
          "pity"
        ],
        [
          "what a shame",
          "what a shame"
        ],
        [
          "what a pity",
          "what a pity"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "penar"
        },
        {
          "word": "penitência"
        },
        {
          "word": "penitente"
        },
        {
          "word": "vale a pena"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.na/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-enɐ"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Brazil) -ẽnɐ"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pena"
  ],
  "word": "pena"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "penada"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Pena"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Penacova"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Penafiel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Penalva"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "pena"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese pena",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "penna"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin penna",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pinna"
      },
      "expansion": "pinna",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*petnā",
        "4": "",
        "5": "feather, wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *petnā (“feather, wing”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*péth₂r̥",
        "4": "*péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én-",
        "5": "feather, wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*peth₂-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to fly"
      },
      "expansion": "*peth₂- (“to fly”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese pena, from Latin penna and pinna, from Proto-Italic *petnā (“feather, wing”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "penas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "pena f (plural penas)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧na"
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "plumagem"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "penugem"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "feather"
      ],
      "id": "en-pena-pt-noun-pt:feather",
      "links": [
        [
          "feather",
          "feather"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "pt:feather"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pluma"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "quill (pen made from a feather)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pena-pt-noun-pt:quill",
      "links": [
        [
          "quill",
          "quill"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "pt:quill"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "penha"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of penha"
      ],
      "id": "en-pena-pt-noun-e9DAlxWS",
      "links": [
        [
          "penha",
          "penha#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dated) Alternative form of penha"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "dated",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.na/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pena"
  ],
  "word": "pena"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "pena",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧na"
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 0 13 0 6 1 36 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "penar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of penar:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
        "third-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-pena-pt-verb-v5oSZjyW",
      "links": [
        [
          "penar",
          "penar#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of penar:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "penar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of penar:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
        "second-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-pena-pt-verb-3hQI35VS",
      "links": [
        [
          "penar",
          "penar#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of penar:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.na/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Portugal) -ɛnɐ"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Brazil) -enɐ"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Brazil) -ẽnɐ"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pena"
  ],
  "word": "pena"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Portuguese 2-syllable words",
    "Portuguese countable nouns",
    "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Portuguese feminine nouns",
    "Portuguese interjections",
    "Portuguese lemmas",
    "Portuguese non-lemma forms",
    "Portuguese nouns",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Latin",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese",
    "Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Portuguese terms with redundant head parameter",
    "Portuguese verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/enɐ",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/enɐ/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛnɐ",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛnɐ/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ẽnɐ",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ẽnɐ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "penoso"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "pena"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese pena",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roa-opt",
        "2": "pẽa"
      },
      "expansion": "pẽa",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "poena"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin poena",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ποινή",
        "4": "",
        "5": "penalty, fine, bloodmoney"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kʷoynéh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese pena (displacing pẽa), from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "penas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "pena f (plural penas)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧na"
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "punishment"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "punishment",
          "punishment"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "castigo"
        },
        {
          "word": "condenação"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pain; sadness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ],
        [
          "sadness",
          "sadness"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dor"
        },
        {
          "word": "tristeza"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.na/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-enɐ"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Brazil) -ẽnɐ"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pena"
  ],
  "word": "pena"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Portuguese 2-syllable words",
    "Portuguese countable nouns",
    "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Portuguese feminine nouns",
    "Portuguese interjections",
    "Portuguese lemmas",
    "Portuguese non-lemma forms",
    "Portuguese nouns",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Latin",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese",
    "Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Portuguese terms with redundant head parameter",
    "Portuguese verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/enɐ",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/enɐ/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛnɐ",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛnɐ/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ẽnɐ",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ẽnɐ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "pena"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese pena",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roa-opt",
        "2": "pẽa"
      },
      "expansion": "pẽa",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "poena"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin poena",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ποινή",
        "4": "",
        "5": "penalty, fine, bloodmoney"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kʷoynéh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese pena (displacing pẽa), from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "interjection",
        "head": "pena",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "pena",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pena",
      "name": "pt-interj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧na"
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "intj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "penar"
    },
    {
      "word": "penitência"
    },
    {
      "word": "penitente"
    },
    {
      "word": "vale a pena"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pity (what a shame, what a pity)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pity",
          "pity"
        ],
        [
          "what a shame",
          "what a shame"
        ],
        [
          "what a pity",
          "what a pity"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.na/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-enɐ"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Brazil) -ẽnɐ"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pena"
  ],
  "word": "pena"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Portuguese 2-syllable words",
    "Portuguese countable nouns",
    "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Portuguese feminine nouns",
    "Portuguese lemmas",
    "Portuguese non-lemma forms",
    "Portuguese nouns",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Latin",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Portuguese verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/enɐ",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/enɐ/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛnɐ",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛnɐ/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ẽnɐ",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ẽnɐ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "penada"
    },
    {
      "word": "Pena"
    },
    {
      "word": "Penacova"
    },
    {
      "word": "Penafiel"
    },
    {
      "word": "Penalva"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "pena"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese pena",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "penna"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin penna",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pinna"
      },
      "expansion": "pinna",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*petnā",
        "4": "",
        "5": "feather, wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *petnā (“feather, wing”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*péth₂r̥",
        "4": "*péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én-",
        "5": "feather, wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*peth₂-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to fly"
      },
      "expansion": "*peth₂- (“to fly”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese pena, from Latin penna and pinna, from Proto-Italic *petnā (“feather, wing”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "penas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "pena f (plural penas)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧na"
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "plumagem"
    },
    {
      "word": "penugem"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "feather"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "feather",
          "feather"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "pt:feather"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pluma"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "quill (pen made from a feather)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "quill",
          "quill"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "pt:quill"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "penha"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese dated terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of penha"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "penha",
          "penha#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dated) Alternative form of penha"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "dated",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.na/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pena"
  ],
  "word": "pena"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Portuguese 2-syllable words",
    "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Portuguese non-lemma forms",
    "Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Portuguese verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/enɐ",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/enɐ/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛnɐ",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛnɐ/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ẽnɐ",
    "Rhymes:Portuguese/ẽnɐ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "pena",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pe‧na"
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "penar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of penar:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
        "third-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "penar",
          "penar#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of penar:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "penar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of penar:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
        "second-person singular imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "penar",
          "penar#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of penar:\n"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpẽ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpe.na/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛ.nɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Portugal) -ɛnɐ"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Brazil) -enɐ"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Brazil) -ẽnɐ"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pena"
  ],
  "word": "pena"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Portuguese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.