See zdawać in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zdawać egzamin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdać egzamin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zdawać rachunek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdać rachunek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zdawać sobie sprawę"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdać sobie sprawę"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "zdawać",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish zdawać",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "zdawać"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish zdawać",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "z-",
"3": "dawać"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, z- + dawać",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish zdawać. By surface analysis, z- + dawać.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zdać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-IX",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "zdaję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdajemy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "zdajesz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdajecie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "zdaje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdaje się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawaliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawaliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawać się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawalibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawalibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawaliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zdaję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawajmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawajcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zdaje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zdają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdająca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdając",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawanie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "zdać"
},
"expansion": "zdawać impf (perfective zdać)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"zda‧wać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zda",
"2": "w",
"3": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-IX"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zdawać",
"2": "zdaję",
"3": "zdaje",
"4": "zdają",
"5": "zdawa",
"6": "zdawa",
"7": "zdawa",
"8": "zdawaj",
"ip": "zdawano",
"pp": "zdawan",
"pp2": "zdawani",
"vn": "zdawanie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to pass (to receive a sufficient mark so as not to fail on a test)"
],
"id": "en-zdawać-pl-verb-A-Za9XUC",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<what subject/department>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘what subject/department’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘what",
"subject/department’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"pass",
"pass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to pass (to receive a sufficient mark so as not to fail on a test) [with na (+ accusative) ‘what subject/department’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "składać"
},
{
"word": "zaliczać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 11 24 20 11 14 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pass (to receive a sufficient mark so as to continue education in the next semester or year)"
],
"id": "en-zdawać-pl-verb-UzRgsBcp",
"links": [
[
"pass",
"pass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to pass (to receive a sufficient mark so as to continue education in the next semester or year)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 11 24 20 11 14 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to turn over, to hand over, to surrender (to officially transfer to someone i.e. an object or position)"
],
"id": "en-zdawać-pl-verb-vmHDszBV",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dat<to whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with dative ‘to whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"dative",
"‘to",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"turn over",
"turn over"
],
[
"hand over",
"hand over"
],
[
"surrender",
"surrender"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to turn over, to hand over, to surrender (to officially transfer to someone i.e. an object or position) [with dative ‘to whom’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 4 5 4 4 2 2 18 30 3 19 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 3 3 2 1 1 21 36 2 22 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 26 39 4 24 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 11 24 20 11 14 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to dispatch",
"text": "zdawać meldunek",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to report",
"text": "zdawać raport/relację/sprawozdanie",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used as a light verb"
],
"id": "en-zdawać-pl-verb-L9gooFFA",
"links": [
[
"light verb",
"light verb#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) used as a light verb"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 11 24 20 11 14 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to refer (to rely on someone for something)"
],
"id": "en-zdawać-pl-verb-bFOtHwAR",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<to whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘to whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘to",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"refer",
"refer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, literary) to refer (to rely on someone for something) [with na (+ accusative) ‘to whom’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spuszczać się"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 11 24 20 11 14 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be good for (to be useful in a particular situation)"
],
"id": "en-zdawać-pl-verb-UyIc4H46",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":do(gen)/:na(acc)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with do (+ genitive) or na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"do",
"(+",
"genitive)",
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"be good for",
"be good for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, literary) to be good for (to be useful in a particular situation) [with do (+ genitive) or na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nadawać się"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to seem, to appear (to give a particular impression)"
],
"id": "en-zdawać-pl-verb-dMLUlkCe",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins<as whom/what> + dat<to whom> + inf<to be/do>"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental ‘as whom/what’ and dative ‘to whom’ and infinitive ‘to be/do’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"instrumental",
"‘as",
"whom/what’",
"and",
"dative",
"‘to",
"whom’",
"and",
"infinitive",
"‘to",
"be/do’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"seem",
"seem"
],
[
"appear",
"appear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, literary) to seem, to appear (to give a particular impression) [with instrumental ‘as whom/what’ and dative ‘to whom’ and infinitive ‘to be/do’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wydawać się"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈzda.vat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzdɒ.vat͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-avat͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "zdawać"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish imperfective verbs",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms prefixed with z-",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/avat͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/avat͡ɕ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zdawać egzamin"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdać egzamin"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zdawać rachunek"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdać rachunek"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zdawać sobie sprawę"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdać sobie sprawę"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "zdawać",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish zdawać",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "zdawać"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish zdawać",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "z-",
"3": "dawać"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, z- + dawać",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish zdawać. By surface analysis, z- + dawać.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zdać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-IX",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "zdaję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdajemy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "zdajesz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdajecie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "zdaje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdaje się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawaliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawaliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą zdawać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie zdawać się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawalibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawalibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zdawał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zdawała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zdawało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawaliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by zdawali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zdawały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zdaję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawajmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawajcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zdaje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zdają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zdający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdająca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zdając",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "zdawanie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "zdać"
},
"expansion": "zdawać impf (perfective zdać)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"zda‧wać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zda",
"2": "w",
"3": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-IX"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zdawać",
"2": "zdaję",
"3": "zdaje",
"4": "zdają",
"5": "zdawa",
"6": "zdawa",
"7": "zdawa",
"8": "zdawaj",
"ip": "zdawano",
"pp": "zdawan",
"pp2": "zdawani",
"vn": "zdawanie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to pass (to receive a sufficient mark so as not to fail on a test)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<what subject/department>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘what subject/department’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘what",
"subject/department’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"pass",
"pass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to pass (to receive a sufficient mark so as not to fail on a test) [with na (+ accusative) ‘what subject/department’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "składać"
},
{
"word": "zaliczać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to pass (to receive a sufficient mark so as to continue education in the next semester or year)"
],
"links": [
[
"pass",
"pass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to pass (to receive a sufficient mark so as to continue education in the next semester or year)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to turn over, to hand over, to surrender (to officially transfer to someone i.e. an object or position)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dat<to whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with dative ‘to whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"dative",
"‘to",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"turn over",
"turn over"
],
[
"hand over",
"hand over"
],
[
"surrender",
"surrender"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to turn over, to hand over, to surrender (to officially transfer to someone i.e. an object or position) [with dative ‘to whom’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to dispatch",
"text": "zdawać meldunek",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to report",
"text": "zdawać raport/relację/sprawozdanie",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used as a light verb"
],
"links": [
[
"light verb",
"light verb#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) used as a light verb"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to refer (to rely on someone for something)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":na(acc)<to whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘to whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘to",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"refer",
"refer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, literary) to refer (to rely on someone for something) [with na (+ accusative) ‘to whom’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spuszczać się"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to be good for (to be useful in a particular situation)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":do(gen)/:na(acc)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with do (+ genitive) or na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"do",
"(+",
"genitive)",
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"be good for",
"be good for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, literary) to be good for (to be useful in a particular situation) [with do (+ genitive) or na (+ accusative) ‘for what’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nadawać się"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to seem, to appear (to give a particular impression)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins<as whom/what> + dat<to whom> + inf<to be/do>"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental ‘as whom/what’ and dative ‘to whom’ and infinitive ‘to be/do’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"instrumental",
"‘as",
"whom/what’",
"and",
"dative",
"‘to",
"whom’",
"and",
"infinitive",
"‘to",
"be/do’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"seem",
"seem"
],
[
"appear",
"appear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, literary) to seem, to appear (to give a particular impression) [with instrumental ‘as whom/what’ and dative ‘to whom’ and infinitive ‘to be/do’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wydawać się"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈzda.vat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzdɒ.vat͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-avat͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "zdawać"
}
Download raw JSONL data for zdawać meaning in Polish (17.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.