See przed in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "poprzedni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "przedni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "uprzedni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "poprzednik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "przed-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "poprzedzić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "poprzedzać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "uprzedzić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "uprzedzać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wyprzedzić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wyprzedzać"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*per-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-#Proto-Indo-European:_before"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*perdъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/perdъ#Proto-Slavic:_before"
],
[
"przed",
"przed#Old_Polish:_before"
],
[
"przed",
"przed#Old_Polish:_before"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:przed<id:before>",
"id": "before",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Slavic *perdъ\nOld Polish przed\nPolish przed\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*perdъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"przed\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"przed\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"before\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"przed\" id=\"Polish:_before\">\nInherited from Old Polish przed.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:przed<id:before>",
"id": "before",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Slavic *perdъ\nOld Polish przed\nPolish przed\nInherited from Old Polish przed.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Slavic *perdъ\nOld Polish przed\nPolish przed\nInherited from Old Polish przed.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "przede",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prep"
},
"expansion": "przed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"przed"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"przed"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "za"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 11 16 21 5 21 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kociewie Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
16
]
],
"english": "tree in front of the house",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "drzewo przed domem",
"translation": "tree in front of the house",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes location; before, in front of; ahead of"
],
"id": "en-przed-pl-prep-xPkHOA1J",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"ahead of",
"ahead of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes location; before, in front of; ahead of [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "sprzed"
},
{
"word": "za"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 16 21 5 21 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kociewie Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
26
]
],
"english": "A car drove up in front of the town hall.",
"text": "Samochód podjechał przed ratusz.",
"translation": "A car drove up in front of the town hall.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes movement; in front of"
],
"id": "en-przed-pl-prep-heIN~HEC",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes movement; in front of [with accusative]"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "po"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 11 16 21 5 21 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kociewie Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"english": "I'll come before noon",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "przyjdę przed południem",
"translation": "I'll come before noon",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes time; before"
],
"id": "en-przed-pl-prep-JqMaFRne",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes time; before [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "po"
},
{
"word": "za"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 11 16 21 5 21 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kociewie Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 17 19 25 1 5 16 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 12 15 32 3 13 12 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ostróda Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 13 17 31 2 10 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 13 17 31 2 10 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 17 32 2 8 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 18 26 2 6 15 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 13 13 20 9 15 12 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
18
]
],
"english": "he left a week ago",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "wyjechał przed tygodniem",
"translation": "he left a week ago",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes how long ago something happened; ago"
],
"id": "en-przed-pl-prep-VnrLqrxb",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"ago",
"ago"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes how long ago something happened; ago [with instrumental]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "temu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
20
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
21,
27
]
],
"english": "The case was brought before the committee.",
"text": "Sprawa stanęła przed komisją.",
"translation": "The case was brought before the committee.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before (under consideration, judgment, authority of)"
],
"id": "en-przed-pl-prep-JQnU17zd",
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przed obliczem"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 11 16 21 5 21 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kociewie Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"english": "to flee from something",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "uciekać przed czymś",
"translation": "to flee from something",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"english": "to hide from somebody",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "chować się przed kimś",
"translation": "to hide from somebody",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in government with some verbs to denote prevention; against, for; from"
],
"id": "en-przed-pl-prep-LrgSVvkf",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"for",
"for"
],
[
"from",
"from"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"used in government with some verbs to denote prevention; against, for; from [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 11 16 21 5 21 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kociewie Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
9,
20
]
],
"english": "to swear in front of witnesses",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "przysięgać przed świadkami",
"translation": "to swear in front of witnesses",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes witnesses to an action; in front of"
],
"id": "en-przed-pl-prep-ugK~sFvo",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes witnesses to an action; in front of [with instrumental]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przy"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lubawa Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malbork Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ostróda Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 10 12 3 12 8 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lubawa Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of dla"
],
"id": "en-przed-pl-prep-MHOQgmnc",
"links": [
[
"dla",
"dla#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Malbork, Lubawa, Ostróda) synonym of dla"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "dla"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʂɛt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpr̝ɛt/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʂɛt/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʂɛt]",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʂɛt]",
"note": "Lubawa"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʂɛt]",
"note": "Ostróda"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt"
},
{
"homophone": "przed-"
}
],
"word": "przed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Kociewie Polish",
"Lubawa Polish",
"Middle Polish",
"Ostróda Polish",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish prepositions",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛt",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "poprzedni"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "przedni"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "uprzedni"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "poprzednik"
},
{
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "przed-"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "poprzedzić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "poprzedzać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "uprzedzić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "uprzedzać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wyprzedzić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wyprzedzać"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*per-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-#Proto-Indo-European:_before"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*perdъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/perdъ#Proto-Slavic:_before"
],
[
"przed",
"przed#Old_Polish:_before"
],
[
"przed",
"przed#Old_Polish:_before"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:przed<id:before>",
"id": "before",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Slavic *perdъ\nOld Polish przed\nPolish przed\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*perdъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"przed\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"przed\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"before\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"przed\" id=\"Polish:_before\">\nInherited from Old Polish przed.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:przed<id:before>",
"id": "before",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Slavic *perdъ\nOld Polish przed\nPolish przed\nInherited from Old Polish przed.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.\nProto-Slavic *perdъ\nOld Polish przed\nPolish przed\nInherited from Old Polish przed.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "przede",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prep"
},
"expansion": "przed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"przed"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"przed"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "za"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
16
]
],
"english": "tree in front of the house",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "drzewo przed domem",
"translation": "tree in front of the house",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes location; before, in front of; ahead of"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"ahead of",
"ahead of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes location; before, in front of; ahead of [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "sprzed"
},
{
"word": "za"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
26
]
],
"english": "A car drove up in front of the town hall.",
"text": "Samochód podjechał przed ratusz.",
"translation": "A car drove up in front of the town hall.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes movement; in front of"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes movement; in front of [with accusative]"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "po"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"english": "I'll come before noon",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "przyjdę przed południem",
"translation": "I'll come before noon",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes time; before"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes time; before [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "po"
},
{
"word": "za"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
18
]
],
"english": "he left a week ago",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "wyjechał przed tygodniem",
"translation": "he left a week ago",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes how long ago something happened; ago"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"ago",
"ago"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes how long ago something happened; ago [with instrumental]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "temu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
20
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
21,
27
]
],
"english": "The case was brought before the committee.",
"text": "Sprawa stanęła przed komisją.",
"translation": "The case was brought before the committee.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before (under consideration, judgment, authority of)"
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przed obliczem"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"english": "to flee from something",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "uciekać przed czymś",
"translation": "to flee from something",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"english": "to hide from somebody",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "chować się przed kimś",
"translation": "to hide from somebody",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in government with some verbs to denote prevention; against, for; from"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"for",
"for"
],
[
"from",
"from"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"used in government with some verbs to denote prevention; against, for; from [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
9,
20
]
],
"english": "to swear in front of witnesses",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "przysięgać przed świadkami",
"translation": "to swear in front of witnesses",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes witnesses to an action; in front of"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes witnesses to an action; in front of [with instrumental]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przy"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lubawa Polish",
"Malbork Polish",
"Ostróda Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of dla"
],
"links": [
[
"dla",
"dla#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Malbork, Lubawa, Ostróda) synonym of dla"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "dla"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʂɛt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpr̝ɛt/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpʂɛt/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʂɛt]",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʂɛt]",
"note": "Lubawa"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʂɛt]",
"note": "Ostróda"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt"
},
{
"homophone": "przed-"
}
],
"word": "przed"
}
Download raw JSONL data for przed meaning in Polish (9.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Malbork, Lubawa, Ostróda",
"path": [
"przed"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "przed",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Malbork, Lubawa, Ostróda",
"path": [
"przed"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "przed",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Malbork, Lubawa, Ostróda",
"path": [
"przed"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "przed",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Malbork, Lubawa, Ostróda",
"path": [
"przed"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "przed",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Malbork, Lubawa, Ostróda",
"path": [
"przed"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "przed",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Malbork, Lubawa, Ostróda",
"path": [
"przed"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "przed",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (f9fe161 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.