See kierować in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kierowca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kierownica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kierownik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kierunek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "nakierowywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "nakierować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pokierować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przekierowywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przekierować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "skierowywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skierować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wykierowywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wykierować"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "керова́ти",
"3": "кирова́ти",
"4": "кєрова́ти",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Ruthenian: керова́ти (kerováti), кирова́ти (kirováti), кєрова́ти (kjerováti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Ruthenian: керова́ти (kerováti), кирова́ти (kirováti), кєрова́ти (kjerováti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "кірава́ць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: кірава́ць (kiravácʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: кірава́ць (kiravácʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "керова́ти"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: керова́ти (kerováty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: керова́ти (kerováty)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "керува́ти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: керува́ти (keruváty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: керува́ти (keruváty)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "gem-pro",
"5": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de:kehren",
"3": "-ować",
"type": "adap"
},
"expansion": "Adapted borrowing of German kehren + -ować",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Adapted borrowing of German kehren + -ować.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-uję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kieruję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujemy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujesz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujecie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kieruje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierują",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kieruje się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowaliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowaliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierować się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowalibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowalibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowaliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech kieruję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kieruj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech kieruje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech kierują",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierująca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kierując",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowanie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "kierować impf",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kie‧ro‧wać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kier",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-uję"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kierować",
"2": "kieruję",
"3": "kieruje",
"4": "kierują",
"5": "kierowa",
"6": "kierowa",
"7": "kierowa",
"8": "kieruj",
"ip": "kierowano",
"pp": "kierowan",
"pp2": "kierowani",
"vn": "kierowanie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "72 5 12 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 4 9 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 11 21 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish adapted borrowings from German",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 3 18 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 10 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ować",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "She has been directing this research for three years.",
"text": "Kieruje tymi badaniami od trzech lat.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to direct, to head, to be in command"
],
"id": "en-kierować-pl-verb-wg5ElaTp",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins<of something>"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental ‘of something’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"instrumental",
"‘of",
"something’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"direct",
"direct"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"command",
"command"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to direct, to head, to be in command [with instrumental ‘of something’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przewodniczyć"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Remain alert when you're driving a vehicle.",
"text": "Zachowaj czujność, gdy kierujesz pojazdem.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to drive a vehicle"
],
"id": "en-kierować-pl-verb-SiWi8YTu",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"drive",
"drive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to drive a vehicle [with instrumental]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "prowadzić"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In difficult situations, I obey my father's principles.",
"text": "W trudnych sytuacjach kieruję się zasadami mojego ojca.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Follow your heart.",
"text": "Kieruj się głosem serca.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to follow, to obey advice, rules or principles"
],
"id": "en-kierować-pl-verb-mTxQTSKQ",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"follow",
"follow"
],
[
"obey",
"obey"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, reflexive with się) to follow, to obey advice, rules or principles [with instrumental]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "powodować się"
},
{
"word": "słuchać się"
},
{
"word": "trzymać się"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We are heading north.",
"text": "Kierujemy się na północ.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to head, to go towards"
],
"id": "en-kierować-pl-verb-2dJVm1uj",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"go towards",
"go towards"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, reflexive with się) to head, to go towards"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zmierzać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kjɛˈrɔ.vat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔvat͡ɕ"
}
],
"word": "kierować"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish adapted borrowings from German",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish imperfective verbs",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ować",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔvat͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔvat͡ɕ/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kierowca"
},
{
"word": "kierownica"
},
{
"word": "kierownik"
},
{
"word": "kierunek"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "nakierowywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "nakierować"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pokierować"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przekierowywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przekierować"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "skierowywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skierować"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wykierowywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wykierować"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "керова́ти",
"3": "кирова́ти",
"4": "кєрова́ти",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Ruthenian: керова́ти (kerováti), кирова́ти (kirováti), кєрова́ти (kjerováti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Ruthenian: керова́ти (kerováti), кирова́ти (kirováti), кєрова́ти (kjerováti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "кірава́ць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: кірава́ць (kiravácʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: кірава́ць (kiravácʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "керова́ти"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: керова́ти (kerováty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: керова́ти (kerováty)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "керува́ти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: керува́ти (keruváty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: керува́ти (keruváty)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "gem-pro",
"5": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de:kehren",
"3": "-ować",
"type": "adap"
},
"expansion": "Adapted borrowing of German kehren + -ować",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Adapted borrowing of German kehren + -ować.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-uję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kieruję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujemy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujesz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujecie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kieruje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierują",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kieruje się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowaliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowaliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą kierować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie kierować się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowalibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowalibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by kierował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by kierowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by kierowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowaliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by kierowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by kierowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech kieruję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kieruj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech kieruje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech kierują",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierująca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierujące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kierując",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "kierowanie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "kierować impf",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kie‧ro‧wać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kier",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-uję"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kierować",
"2": "kieruję",
"3": "kieruje",
"4": "kierują",
"5": "kierowa",
"6": "kierowa",
"7": "kierowa",
"8": "kieruj",
"ip": "kierowano",
"pp": "kierowan",
"pp2": "kierowani",
"vn": "kierowanie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "She has been directing this research for three years.",
"text": "Kieruje tymi badaniami od trzech lat.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to direct, to head, to be in command"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins<of something>"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental ‘of something’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"instrumental",
"‘of",
"something’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"direct",
"direct"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"command",
"command"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to direct, to head, to be in command [with instrumental ‘of something’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przewodniczyć"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Remain alert when you're driving a vehicle.",
"text": "Zachowaj czujność, gdy kierujesz pojazdem.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to drive a vehicle"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"drive",
"drive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to drive a vehicle [with instrumental]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "prowadzić"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with usage examples",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In difficult situations, I obey my father's principles.",
"text": "W trudnych sytuacjach kieruję się zasadami mojego ojca.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Follow your heart.",
"text": "Kieruj się głosem serca.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to follow, to obey advice, rules or principles"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"follow",
"follow"
],
[
"obey",
"obey"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, reflexive with się) to follow, to obey advice, rules or principles [with instrumental]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "powodować się"
},
{
"word": "słuchać się"
},
{
"word": "trzymać się"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs",
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We are heading north.",
"text": "Kierujemy się na północ.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to head, to go towards"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"go towards",
"go towards"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, reflexive with się) to head, to go towards"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zmierzać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kjɛˈrɔ.vat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔvat͡ɕ"
}
],
"word": "kierować"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kierować meaning in Polish (17.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.