See czytać in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czytelny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czytacz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czytadło"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czytanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czytanina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czytelnia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czytnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "doczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "doczytywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "naczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dated",
"perfective"
],
"word": "obczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "obczytywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "oczytywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odczytywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "poczytywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podczytywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przeczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przeczytywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rozczytywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "sczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sczytywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"rare"
],
"word": "uczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wczytywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wyczytywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaczytać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zaczytywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "czytać jak w otwartej księdze"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "czytać między wierszami"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "czytać w myślach"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷeyt-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "czytać",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish czytać",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "czytać"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish czytać",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "czyść",
"3": "-ać"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, czyść + -ać",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish czytać. By surface analysis, czyść + -ać.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "czytywać",
"tags": [
"frequentative"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "czytam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytamy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "czytasz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytacie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "czyta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czyta się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytaliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytaliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytać się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytalibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytalibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytaliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech czytam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytajmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytajcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech czyta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech czytają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytająca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytając",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "czytanie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf-det",
"freq": "czytywać"
},
"expansion": "czytać impf (determinate, frequentative czytywać)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czy‧tać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "czyta",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "czytać",
"2": "czytam",
"3": "czyta",
"4": "czytają",
"5": "czyta",
"6": "czyta",
"7": "czyta",
"8": "czytaj",
"ip": "czytano",
"pp": "czytan",
"pp2": "czytani",
"vn": "czytanie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czcionkowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czytelniany"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czytelniczy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czcionka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czcionkarstwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czcionnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czytanka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czytelnictwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czytelnik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Tomek is reading an interesting book to us.",
"text": "Tomek czyta nam interesującą książkę.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to look at and interpret letters and symbols that are written)"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-E6NxP9Qs",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dat<to whom> + :o(loc)<about whom/what>"
},
"expansion": "[with dative ‘to whom’ and o (+ locative) ‘about whom/what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"dative",
"‘to",
"whom’",
"and",
"o",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘about",
"whom/what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to read (to look at and interpret letters and symbols that are written) [with dative ‘to whom’ and o (+ locative) ‘about whom/what’]"
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to read (to look at other information and interpret that is written or drawn)"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-1G9aEqks",
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to read (to look at other information and interpret that is written or drawn)"
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to read (to interpret, or infer a meaning, significance, thought, intention, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-ZRgxUaJZ",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":z(gen)<from what>",
"3": ":w(loc)<in what>",
"4": ":na(loc)<on what>"
},
"expansion": "[with z (+ genitive) ‘from what’; or with w (+ locative) ‘in what’; or with na (+ locative) ‘on what’]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"with na (+ locative) ‘on what’",
"with w (+ locative) ‘in what’"
],
"words": [
"z",
"(+",
"genitive)",
"‘from",
"what’;"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to read (to interpret, or infer a meaning, significance, thought, intention, etc.) [with z (+ genitive) ‘from what’; or with w (+ locative) ‘in what’; or with na (+ locative) ‘on what’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "odczytywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to read (to recognize the proper meaning of something)"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-L4E9oyFo",
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to read (to recognize the proper meaning of something)"
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "pl:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 2 21 2 3 2 10 10 13 14 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 1 24 2 2 2 11 11 14 16 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 5 4 1 24 2 2 1 11 10 12 13 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 5 3 15 4 5 3 10 9 11 12 11 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to fetch data from (a storage medium, etc.))"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-66jvVvvr",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, computing) to read (to fetch data from (a storage medium, etc.))"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "odczytywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to read (to speak aloud words or other information that is written)"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-hA8PjXSu",
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to read (to speak aloud words or other information that is written)"
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to teach (to cause to learn)"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-AleN-ONj",
"links": [
[
"teach",
"teach"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to teach (to cause to learn)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "uczyć"
}
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to count, to reckon"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-lF~stffG",
"links": [
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"reckon",
"reckon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to count, to reckon"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "liczyć"
},
{
"word": "rachować"
}
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 5 3 15 4 5 3 10 9 11 12 11 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to interpret written text)"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-TUxIru-9",
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to read (to interpret written text)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "interpretować"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to contain some message)"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-lTKrUI7f",
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish, of biblical texts) to read (to contain some message)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of biblical texts"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 5 3 15 4 5 3 10 9 11 12 11 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to study"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-nUOYYRNk",
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to study"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "studiować"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 5 3 15 4 5 3 10 9 11 12 11 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to divine the future based on heavenly bodies)"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-jErIAA30",
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to read (to divine the future based on heavenly bodies)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 5 3 15 4 5 3 10 9 11 12 11 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pronounce (to say foreign words and phrases a particular way)"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-NJSjiEjK",
"links": [
[
"pronounce",
"pronounce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to pronounce (to say foreign words and phrases a particular way)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wymawiać"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to consider oneself"
],
"id": "en-czytać-pl-verb-IGLNVPGF",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to consider oneself"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mieć się"
},
{
"word": "uważać się"
}
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʂɘ.tat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʂɨ.tat͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘtat͡ɕ"
}
],
"word": "czytać"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish determinate verbs",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish imperfective verbs",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷeyt-",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘtat͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘtat͡ɕ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "czytelny"
},
{
"word": "czytacz"
},
{
"word": "czytadło"
},
{
"word": "czytanie"
},
{
"word": "czytanina"
},
{
"word": "czytelnia"
},
{
"word": "czytnik"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "doczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "doczytywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "naczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"dated",
"perfective"
],
"word": "obczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "obczytywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "oczytywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odczytywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "poczytywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podczytywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przeczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przeczytywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rozczytywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "sczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sczytywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"rare"
],
"word": "uczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wczytywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wyczytywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaczytać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zaczytywać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "czytać jak w otwartej księdze"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "czytać między wierszami"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "czytać w myślach"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷeyt-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "czytać",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish czytać",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "czytać"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish czytać",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "czyść",
"3": "-ać"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, czyść + -ać",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish czytać. By surface analysis, czyść + -ać.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "czytywać",
"tags": [
"frequentative"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "czytam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytamy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "czytasz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytacie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "czyta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czyta się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytaliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytaliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą czytać",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie czytać się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytalibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytalibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by czytał",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by czytała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by czytało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytaliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by czytali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by czytały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech czytam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytajmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytajcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech czyta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech czytają",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "czytający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytająca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytający",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytające",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czytani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "czytane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czytając",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "czytanie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf-det",
"freq": "czytywać"
},
"expansion": "czytać impf (determinate, frequentative czytywać)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czy‧tać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "czyta",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "czytać",
"2": "czytam",
"3": "czyta",
"4": "czytają",
"5": "czyta",
"6": "czyta",
"7": "czyta",
"8": "czytaj",
"ip": "czytano",
"pp": "czytan",
"pp2": "czytani",
"vn": "czytanie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "czcionkowy"
},
{
"word": "czytelniany"
},
{
"word": "czytelniczy"
},
{
"word": "cet"
},
{
"word": "czcionka"
},
{
"word": "czcionkarstwo"
},
{
"word": "czcionnik"
},
{
"word": "czytanka"
},
{
"word": "czytelnictwo"
},
{
"word": "czytelnik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Tomek is reading an interesting book to us.",
"text": "Tomek czyta nam interesującą książkę.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to look at and interpret letters and symbols that are written)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dat<to whom> + :o(loc)<about whom/what>"
},
"expansion": "[with dative ‘to whom’ and o (+ locative) ‘about whom/what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"dative",
"‘to",
"whom’",
"and",
"o",
"(+",
"locative)",
"‘about",
"whom/what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to read (to look at and interpret letters and symbols that are written) [with dative ‘to whom’ and o (+ locative) ‘about whom/what’]"
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to look at other information and interpret that is written or drawn)"
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to read (to look at other information and interpret that is written or drawn)"
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to interpret, or infer a meaning, significance, thought, intention, etc.)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":z(gen)<from what>",
"3": ":w(loc)<in what>",
"4": ":na(loc)<on what>"
},
"expansion": "[with z (+ genitive) ‘from what’; or with w (+ locative) ‘in what’; or with na (+ locative) ‘on what’]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"with na (+ locative) ‘on what’",
"with w (+ locative) ‘in what’"
],
"words": [
"z",
"(+",
"genitive)",
"‘from",
"what’;"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to read (to interpret, or infer a meaning, significance, thought, intention, etc.) [with z (+ genitive) ‘from what’; or with w (+ locative) ‘in what’; or with na (+ locative) ‘on what’]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "odczytywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to recognize the proper meaning of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to read (to recognize the proper meaning of something)"
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs",
"pl:Computing"
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to fetch data from (a storage medium, etc.))"
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, computing) to read (to fetch data from (a storage medium, etc.))"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "odczytywać"
}
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to speak aloud words or other information that is written)"
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to read (to speak aloud words or other information that is written)"
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to teach (to cause to learn)"
],
"links": [
[
"teach",
"teach"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to teach (to cause to learn)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "uczyć"
}
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to count, to reckon"
],
"links": [
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"reckon",
"reckon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to count, to reckon"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "liczyć"
},
{
"word": "rachować"
}
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to interpret written text)"
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to read (to interpret written text)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "interpretować"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to contain some message)"
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish, of biblical texts) to read (to contain some message)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of biblical texts"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to study"
],
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to study"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "studiować"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to read (to divine the future based on heavenly bodies)"
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to read (to divine the future based on heavenly bodies)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to pronounce (to say foreign words and phrases a particular way)"
],
"links": [
[
"pronounce",
"pronounce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Middle Polish) to pronounce (to say foreign words and phrases a particular way)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wymawiać"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to consider oneself"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to consider oneself"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mieć się"
},
{
"word": "uważać się"
}
],
"tags": [
"determinate",
"imperfective",
"obsolete",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʂɘ.tat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʂɨ.tat͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘtat͡ɕ"
}
],
"word": "czytać"
}
Download raw JSONL data for czytać meaning in Polish (21.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.