See chleb in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "chlebny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "o chlebie i wodzie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "biały chleb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chleb powszedni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chleb świętojański"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chlebak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chlebodawca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chlebodawczyni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chlebuś"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "ciemny chleb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "ciężki kawałek chleba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "czarny chleb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "lekki kawałek chleba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "łaskawy chleb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"phrase"
],
"word": "z tej mąki chleba nie będzie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "chlebić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "jeść chleb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "podzielić się ostatnim kawałkiem chleba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "dzielić się ostatnim kawałkiem chleba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wiedzieć, z której strony chleb jest posmarowany"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "z niejednego pieca chleb jeść"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chleb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:chleb<id:bread>",
"id": "bread",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.?\nProto-Germanic *hlaibaz\nGothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs)bor.\nProto-Slavic *xlě̀bъ\nOld Polish chleb\nPolish chleb\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bread\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bread\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kʷel-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*hlaibaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*xlě̀bъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"chleb\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"chleb\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"bread\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"chleb\" id=\"Polish:_bread\">\nInherited from Old Polish chleb.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.?\nProto-Germanic *hlaibaz\nGothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs)bor.\nProto-Slavic *xlě̀bъ\nOld Polish chleb\nPolish chleb\nInherited from Old Polish chleb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chlebek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebuś",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chleb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chleby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chleba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chleb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chleby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chleby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chlib",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"form": "kleb",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"form": "chlyb",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "chlebowy",
"dim": "chlebek,chlebuś"
},
"expansion": "chleb m inan (diminutive chlebek or chlebuś, related adjective chlebowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chleb"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"chleb"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chle",
"2": "b",
"3": "a"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "chlebno"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chlebaczek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "pochlebić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "pochlebiać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "schlebić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "schlebiać"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 11 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 21 11 29 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"english": "a slice of bread",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "kromka chleba",
"translation": "a slice of bread",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
15
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
15
]
],
"english": "a loaf of bread",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "bochenek chleba",
"translation": "a loaf of bread",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"english": "whole-meal bread",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "chleb razowy",
"translation": "whole-meal bread",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bread (food product made from flour and water with yeast or leaven, shaped into round or elongated lumps; single loaf of this product)"
],
"id": "en-chleb-pl-noun-BXkuZK-m",
"links": [
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) bread (food product made from flour and water with yeast or leaven, shaped into round or elongated lumps; single loaf of this product)"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "pl:Card games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Łowicz Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 25 3 4 13 6 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 21 2 2 28 5 14 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 26 12 31 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 24 12 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 12 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 11 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 21 11 29 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 21 12 33 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of karo"
],
"id": "en-chleb-pl-noun-0WAQiicS",
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"karo",
"karo#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Łowicz, Strugienice, card games) synonym of karo"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "karo"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"Łowicz"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 26 12 31 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 24 12 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 12 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 11 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 21 11 29 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 21 12 33 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bread (job; work performed for a fee)"
],
"id": "en-chleb-pl-noun-EhlsGMQO",
"links": [
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, literary, figuratively) bread (job; work performed for a fee)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"inanimate",
"literary",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 25 3 4 13 6 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 26 12 31 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 24 12 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 12 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 25 12 33 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 11 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 21 11 29 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 21 12 33 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 7 26 33 8",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Breads",
"orig": "pl:Breads",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 17 17 31 12",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Foods",
"orig": "pl:Foods",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 13 41 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Grains",
"orig": "pl:Grains",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "18 20 11 36 15",
"sense": "proverbs",
"word": "głodnemu chleb na myśli"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bread (all the means to meet basic life needs)"
],
"id": "en-chleb-pl-noun-6~xsYhkl",
"links": [
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, literary, figuratively) bread (all the means to meet basic life needs)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chleb powszedni"
},
{
"word": "utrzymanie"
},
{
"word": "życie"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"inanimate",
"literary",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 25 3 4 13 6 17 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 26 12 31 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 24 12 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 25 12 32 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 11 32 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 21 11 29 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 21 12 33 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of pożywienie"
],
"id": "en-chleb-pl-noun-7fVPzHWQ",
"links": [
[
"pożywienie",
"pożywienie#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish, more generally) synonym of pożywienie"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "pożywienie"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"broadly",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxlɛp/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxlep/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxlɛp]",
"tags": [
"Łowicz"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛp"
}
],
"word": "chleb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Gothic",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷel-",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛp",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛp/1 syllable",
"pl:Breads",
"pl:Foods",
"pl:Grains",
"Łowicz Polish"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "chlebny"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "o chlebie i wodzie"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "biały chleb"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chleb powszedni"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chleb świętojański"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chlebak"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chlebodawca"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chlebodawczyni"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chlebuś"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "ciemny chleb"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "ciężki kawałek chleba"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "czarny chleb"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "lekki kawałek chleba"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "łaskawy chleb"
},
{
"tags": [
"phrase"
],
"word": "z tej mąki chleba nie będzie"
},
{
"sense": "proverbs",
"word": "głodnemu chleb na myśli"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "chlebić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "jeść chleb"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "podzielić się ostatnim kawałkiem chleba"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "dzielić się ostatnim kawałkiem chleba"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wiedzieć, z której strony chleb jest posmarowany"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "z niejednego pieca chleb jeść"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chleb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:chleb<id:bread>",
"id": "bread",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.?\nProto-Germanic *hlaibaz\nGothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs)bor.\nProto-Slavic *xlě̀bъ\nOld Polish chleb\nPolish chleb\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bread\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bread\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kʷel-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*hlaibaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*xlě̀bъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"chleb\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"chleb\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"bread\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"chleb\" id=\"Polish:_bread\">\nInherited from Old Polish chleb.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.?\nProto-Germanic *hlaibaz\nGothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs)bor.\nProto-Slavic *xlě̀bъ\nOld Polish chleb\nPolish chleb\nInherited from Old Polish chleb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chlebek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebuś",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chleb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chleby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chleba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chleb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chleby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chlebie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chleby",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chlib",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"form": "kleb",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"form": "chlyb",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "chlebowy",
"dim": "chlebek,chlebuś"
},
"expansion": "chleb m inan (diminutive chlebek or chlebuś, related adjective chlebowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chleb"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"chleb"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chle",
"2": "b",
"3": "a"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "chlebno"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chlebaczek"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "pochlebić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "pochlebiać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "schlebić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "schlebiać"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish countable nouns",
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"english": "a slice of bread",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "kromka chleba",
"translation": "a slice of bread",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
15
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
15
]
],
"english": "a loaf of bread",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "bochenek chleba",
"translation": "a loaf of bread",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"english": "whole-meal bread",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "chleb razowy",
"translation": "whole-meal bread",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bread (food product made from flour and water with yeast or leaven, shaped into round or elongated lumps; single loaf of this product)"
],
"links": [
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) bread (food product made from flour and water with yeast or leaven, shaped into round or elongated lumps; single loaf of this product)"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Card games",
"Łowicz Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of karo"
],
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"karo",
"karo#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Łowicz, Strugienice, card games) synonym of karo"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "karo"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"Łowicz"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"bread (job; work performed for a fee)"
],
"links": [
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, literary, figuratively) bread (job; work performed for a fee)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"inanimate",
"literary",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"bread (all the means to meet basic life needs)"
],
"links": [
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, literary, figuratively) bread (all the means to meet basic life needs)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chleb powszedni"
},
{
"word": "utrzymanie"
},
{
"word": "życie"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"inanimate",
"literary",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of pożywienie"
],
"links": [
[
"pożywienie",
"pożywienie#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish, more generally) synonym of pożywienie"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "pożywienie"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"broadly",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxlɛp/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxlep/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxlɛp]",
"tags": [
"Łowicz"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛp"
}
],
"word": "chleb"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chleb meaning in Polish (9.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Łowicz, Strugienice, card games",
"path": [
"chleb"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chleb",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Łowicz, Strugienice, card games",
"path": [
"chleb"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chleb",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.