See cham in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "chamowaty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "chamski"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chamidło"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chamisko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chamstwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chamuś"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "chamieć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "schamieć"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Cham, stemming from the belief that peasants were descended from the Biblical Ham and therefore subject to his eponymous curse.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chamka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "chamica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "chamudro",
"tags": [
"augmentative",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cham",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"aug": "chamudro<l:dialectal>",
"f": "chamka,chamica"
},
"expansion": "cham m pers (female equivalent chamka or chamica, augmentative (dialectal) chamudro)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cham"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"cham"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "chamsko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "na chama"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "Cham"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chamskość"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 9 15 11 19 22 1 1 5 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 9 7 26 25 1 1 3 20 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bumpkin, yokel (arrogant, ill-manner person; one who is uncultured and uneducated)"
],
"id": "en-cham-pl-noun-ULYSHwO1",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"bumpkin",
"bumpkin"
],
[
"yokel",
"yokel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) bumpkin, yokel (arrogant, ill-manner person; one who is uncultured and uneducated)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "burak"
},
{
"word": "chamidło"
},
{
"word": "chamisko"
},
{
"word": "prostak"
},
{
"word": "prymityw"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"countryman, peasant (person of low birth)"
],
"id": "en-cham-pl-noun-qsPqL8Us",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"countryman",
"countryman"
],
[
"peasant",
"peasant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, derogatory) countryman, peasant (person of low birth)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chłop"
},
{
"word": "wieśniak"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"derogatory",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxam/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-am"
},
{
"homophone": "Cham"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Curse of Ham"
],
"word": "cham"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Requests for date",
"Rhymes:Polish/am",
"Rhymes:Polish/am/1 syllable",
"pl:Male people"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "chamowaty"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "chamski"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chamidło"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chamisko"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chamstwo"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chamuś"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "chamieć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "schamieć"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Cham, stemming from the belief that peasants were descended from the Biblical Ham and therefore subject to his eponymous curse.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chamka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "chamica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "chamudro",
"tags": [
"augmentative",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cham",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chamach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chamie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"aug": "chamudro<l:dialectal>",
"f": "chamka,chamica"
},
"expansion": "cham m pers (female equivalent chamka or chamica, augmentative (dialectal) chamudro)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cham"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"cham"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "chamsko"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "na chama"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "Cham"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chamskość"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"bumpkin, yokel (arrogant, ill-manner person; one who is uncultured and uneducated)"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"bumpkin",
"bumpkin"
],
[
"yokel",
"yokel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) bumpkin, yokel (arrogant, ill-manner person; one who is uncultured and uneducated)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "burak"
},
{
"word": "chamidło"
},
{
"word": "chamisko"
},
{
"word": "prostak"
},
{
"word": "prymityw"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish derogatory terms",
"Polish terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"countryman, peasant (person of low birth)"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"countryman",
"countryman"
],
[
"peasant",
"peasant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, derogatory) countryman, peasant (person of low birth)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chłop"
},
{
"word": "wieśniak"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"derogatory",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxam/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-am"
},
{
"homophone": "Cham"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Curse of Ham"
],
"word": "cham"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cham meaning in Polish (4.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.