"in" meaning in Old Irish

See in in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Article

Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *sindos (“this”), from Proto-Indo-European *sḗm (“one”) or *só (“this”); weak doublet of sin (“this”). Etymology templates: {{etymid|sga|article}}, {{inh|sga|cel-pro|*sindos||this}} Proto-Celtic *sindos (“this”), {{inh|sga|ine-pro|*sḗm|t=one}} Proto-Indo-European *sḗm (“one”) Head templates: {{head|sga|articles}} in Inflection templates: {{sga-decl-in}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], in [masculine, nominative], int [before-vowel, masculine, nominative], ind [feminine, nominative], int (before ṡ) [feminine, nominative], a [neuter, nominative], in dá [masculine, nominative], in dí [feminine, nominative], in dá [neuter, nominative], ind [masculine, nominative], inna [feminine, neuter, nominative], in [accusative, masculine], in [accusative, feminine], a [accusative, neuter], in dá [accusative, masculine], in dí [accusative, feminine], in dá [accusative, neuter], inna [accusative, masculine], inna [accusative, feminine, neuter], ind [genitive, masculine], int (before ṡ) [genitive, masculine], inna [feminine, genitive], ind [genitive, neuter], int (before ṡ) [genitive, neuter], in dá [genitive, masculine], in dá [feminine, genitive, neuter], inna [genitive, masculine], inna [feminine, genitive, neuter], dond [dative, masculine], dond [dative, feminine, neuter], dont (before ṡ) [dative, masculine], dont (before ṡ) [dative, feminine, neuter], cossind [dative, masculine], cossind [dative, feminine, neuter], cossint (before ṡ) [dative, masculine], cossint (before ṡ) [dative, feminine, neuter], etc. [dative, masculine], etc. [dative, feminine, neuter], don dib [dative, masculine], don dib [dative, feminine, neuter], cossin dib [dative, masculine], cossin dib [dative, feminine, neuter], donaib [dative, masculine], donaib [dative, feminine, neuter], cosnaib [dative, masculine], cosnaib [dative, feminine, neuter]
  1. the (masculine singular nominative/accusative; feminine singular accusative; masculine/feminine/neuter dual nominative/accusative/genitive)
    Sense id: en-in-sga-article-8djuo~Nu Categories (other): Old Irish articles Disambiguation of Old Irish articles: 50 50
  2. Alternative spelling of ind Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: ind
    Sense id: en-in-sga-article-gzpBTtnR Categories (other): Old Irish articles Disambiguation of Old Irish articles: 50 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: insin, inso
Etymology number: 1

Particle

Etymology: Unknown. Probably related to Middle Welsh a (interrogative particle). The n may be from Proto-Celtic *ne (compare Latin -ne (interrogative particle). Has been compared to Latin an (“or, whether”, interrogative particle). Etymology templates: {{etymid|sga|question}}, {{unknown|sga}} Unknown, {{m+|wlm|a|pos=interrogative particle}} Middle Welsh a (interrogative particle), {{m+|cel-pro|*ne}} Proto-Celtic *ne, {{m+|la|-ne|pos=interrogative particle}} Latin -ne (interrogative particle), {{m+|la|an|pos=interrogative particle|t=or, whether}} Latin an (“or, whether”, interrogative particle) Head templates: {{head|sga|particles|triggers eclipsis}} in (triggers eclipsis)
  1. interrogative particle forming yes-no questions Tags: triggers-eclipsis Derived forms: duús in
    Sense id: en-in-sga-particle-2UAvv4Ii Categories (other): Old Irish entries with incorrect language header, Old Irish particles Disambiguation of Old Irish entries with incorrect language header: 7 11 45 7 4 27 Disambiguation of Old Irish particles: 8 9 49 7 3 25
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Particle

Etymology: Probably originally the masculine/neuter dative singular of the definite article (see Etymology 1); compare Middle Welsh and Welsh yn. Etymology templates: {{etymid|sga|adverb}}, {{cog|wlm|-}} Middle Welsh, {{cog|cy|yn}} Welsh yn Head templates: {{head|sga|particles}} in
  1. Used with the masculine/neuter dative singular of an adjective to form the corresponding adverb: -ly
    Sense id: en-in-sga-particle-lo7KWT92
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Preposition

Etymology templates: {{etymid|sga|preposition}} Head templates: {{head|sga|prepositions}} in
  1. Alternative form of i (“in”) (often before cach, cech (“each, every”) and for (“your pl”)) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: i (extra: (“in”) (often before cach, cech (“each, every”) and for (“your pl”)))
    Sense id: en-in-sga-prep-bvVoG5AK Categories (other): Old Irish prepositions
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Verb

Etymology: Unknown. Probably related to Middle Welsh a (interrogative particle). The n may be from Proto-Celtic *ne (compare Latin -ne (interrogative particle). Has been compared to Latin an (“or, whether”, interrogative particle). Etymology templates: {{etymid|sga|question}}, {{unknown|sga}} Unknown, {{m+|wlm|a|pos=interrogative particle}} Middle Welsh a (interrogative particle), {{m+|cel-pro|*ne}} Proto-Celtic *ne, {{m+|la|-ne|pos=interrogative particle}} Latin -ne (interrogative particle), {{m+|la|an|pos=interrogative particle|t=or, whether}} Latin an (“or, whether”, interrogative particle) Head templates: {{head|sga|verb forms|triggers eclipsis}} in (triggers eclipsis)
  1. third-person singular present indicative interrogative of is: is...? Tags: form-of, indicative, interrogative, present, singular, third-person, triggers-eclipsis Form of: is (extra: is...?)
    Sense id: en-in-sga-verb-BpDJ5aJe
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "insin"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "inso"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "an"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: an",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: an"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gd",
            "2": "an"
          },
          "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: an",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scottish Gaelic: an"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gv",
            "2": "yn"
          },
          "expansion": "Manx: yn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Manx: yn"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "article"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*sindos",
        "4": "",
        "5": "this"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *sindos (“this”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sḗm",
        "t": "one"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sḗm (“one”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *sindos (“this”), from Proto-Indo-European *sḗm (“one”) or *só (“this”); weak doublet of sin (“this”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "int",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "before-vowel",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ind",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "int (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dí",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ind",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dí",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ind",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "int (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ind",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "int (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dond",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dond",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dont (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dont (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cossind",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cossind",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cossint (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cossint (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "etc.",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "etc.",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "don dib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "don dib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cossin dib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cossin dib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "donaib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "donaib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cosnaib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cosnaib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "articles"
      },
      "expansion": "in",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-decl-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "article",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish articles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the (masculine singular nominative/accusative; feminine singular accusative; masculine/feminine/neuter dual nominative/accusative/genitive)"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-in-sga-article-8djuo~Nu",
      "links": [
        [
          "the",
          "the"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "ind"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish articles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of ind"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-in-sga-article-gzpBTtnR",
      "links": [
        [
          "ind",
          "ind#Old_Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "in"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "question"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "a",
        "pos": "interrogative particle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh a (interrogative particle)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*ne"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ne",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-ne",
        "pos": "interrogative particle"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ne (interrogative particle)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "an",
        "pos": "interrogative particle",
        "t": "or, whether"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin an (“or, whether”, interrogative particle)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown. Probably related to Middle Welsh a (interrogative particle). The n may be from Proto-Celtic *ne (compare Latin -ne (interrogative particle). Has been compared to Latin an (“or, whether”, interrogative particle).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "particles",
        "3": "triggers eclipsis"
      },
      "expansion": "in (triggers eclipsis)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 11 45 7 4 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 9 49 7 3 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "duús in"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "interrogative particle forming yes-no questions"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-in-sga-particle-2UAvv4Ii",
      "tags": [
        "triggers-eclipsis"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "D. A. Binchy",
    "Osborn Bergin"
  ],
  "word": "in"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "question"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "a",
        "pos": "interrogative particle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh a (interrogative particle)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*ne"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ne",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-ne",
        "pos": "interrogative particle"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ne (interrogative particle)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "an",
        "pos": "interrogative particle",
        "t": "or, whether"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin an (“or, whether”, interrogative particle)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown. Probably related to Middle Welsh a (interrogative particle). The n may be from Proto-Celtic *ne (compare Latin -ne (interrogative particle). Has been compared to Latin an (“or, whether”, interrogative particle).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "verb forms",
        "3": "triggers eclipsis"
      },
      "expansion": "in (triggers eclipsis)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "is...?",
          "word": "is"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person singular present indicative interrogative of is: is...?"
      ],
      "id": "en-in-sga-verb-BpDJ5aJe",
      "links": [
        [
          "is",
          "is#Old_Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "interrogative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "triggers-eclipsis"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "D. A. Binchy",
    "Osborn Bergin"
  ],
  "word": "in"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "preposition"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "prepositions"
      },
      "expansion": "in",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“in”) (often before cach, cech (“each, every”) and for (“your pl”))",
          "word": "i"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of i (“in”) (often before cach, cech (“each, every”) and for (“your pl”))"
      ],
      "id": "en-in-sga-prep-bvVoG5AK",
      "links": [
        [
          "i",
          "i#Old_Irish"
        ],
        [
          "cach",
          "cach#Old_Irish"
        ],
        [
          "cech",
          "cech#Old_Irish"
        ],
        [
          "for",
          "for#Old_Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "in"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "yn"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh yn",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably originally the masculine/neuter dative singular of the definite article (see Etymology 1); compare Middle Welsh and Welsh yn.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "particles"
      },
      "expansion": "in",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used with the masculine/neuter dative singular of an adjective to form the corresponding adverb: -ly"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-in-sga-particle-lo7KWT92",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ly",
          "-ly"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "D. A. Binchy",
    "Osborn Bergin"
  ],
  "word": "in"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish articles",
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish particles",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 68 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "insin"
    },
    {
      "word": "inso"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "an"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: an",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: an"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gd",
            "2": "an"
          },
          "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: an",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scottish Gaelic: an"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gv",
            "2": "yn"
          },
          "expansion": "Manx: yn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Manx: yn"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "article"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*sindos",
        "4": "",
        "5": "this"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *sindos (“this”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*sḗm",
        "t": "one"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sḗm (“one”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *sindos (“this”), from Proto-Indo-European *sḗm (“one”) or *só (“this”); weak doublet of sin (“this”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "int",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "before-vowel",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ind",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "int (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dí",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ind",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dí",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ind",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "int (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ind",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "int (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in dá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dond",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dond",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dont (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dont (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cossind",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cossind",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cossint (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cossint (before ṡ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "etc.",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "etc.",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "don dib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "don dib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cossin dib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cossin dib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "donaib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "donaib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cosnaib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cosnaib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "articles"
      },
      "expansion": "in",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-decl-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "article",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the (masculine singular nominative/accusative; feminine singular accusative; masculine/feminine/neuter dual nominative/accusative/genitive)"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "the",
          "the"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "ind"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of ind"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "ind",
          "ind#Old_Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "in"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish non-lemma forms",
    "Old Irish particles",
    "Old Irish terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Old Irish verb forms",
    "Pages with 68 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "duús in"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "question"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "a",
        "pos": "interrogative particle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh a (interrogative particle)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*ne"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ne",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-ne",
        "pos": "interrogative particle"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ne (interrogative particle)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "an",
        "pos": "interrogative particle",
        "t": "or, whether"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin an (“or, whether”, interrogative particle)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown. Probably related to Middle Welsh a (interrogative particle). The n may be from Proto-Celtic *ne (compare Latin -ne (interrogative particle). Has been compared to Latin an (“or, whether”, interrogative particle).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "particles",
        "3": "triggers eclipsis"
      },
      "expansion": "in (triggers eclipsis)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "interrogative particle forming yes-no questions"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "tags": [
        "triggers-eclipsis"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "D. A. Binchy",
    "Osborn Bergin"
  ],
  "word": "in"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish non-lemma forms",
    "Old Irish particles",
    "Old Irish terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Old Irish verb forms",
    "Pages with 68 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "question"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "a",
        "pos": "interrogative particle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh a (interrogative particle)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*ne"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ne",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-ne",
        "pos": "interrogative particle"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ne (interrogative particle)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "an",
        "pos": "interrogative particle",
        "t": "or, whether"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin an (“or, whether”, interrogative particle)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown. Probably related to Middle Welsh a (interrogative particle). The n may be from Proto-Celtic *ne (compare Latin -ne (interrogative particle). Has been compared to Latin an (“or, whether”, interrogative particle).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "verb forms",
        "3": "triggers eclipsis"
      },
      "expansion": "in (triggers eclipsis)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "is...?",
          "word": "is"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person singular present indicative interrogative of is: is...?"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "is",
          "is#Old_Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "interrogative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "triggers-eclipsis"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "D. A. Binchy",
    "Osborn Bergin"
  ],
  "word": "in"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish particles",
    "Old Irish prepositions",
    "Pages with 68 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "preposition"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "prepositions"
      },
      "expansion": "in",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“in”) (often before cach, cech (“each, every”) and for (“your pl”))",
          "word": "i"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of i (“in”) (often before cach, cech (“each, every”) and for (“your pl”))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "i",
          "i#Old_Irish"
        ],
        [
          "cach",
          "cach#Old_Irish"
        ],
        [
          "cech",
          "cech#Old_Irish"
        ],
        [
          "for",
          "for#Old_Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "in"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish particles",
    "Pages with 68 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "yn"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh yn",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably originally the masculine/neuter dative singular of the definite article (see Etymology 1); compare Middle Welsh and Welsh yn.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "particles"
      },
      "expansion": "in",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used with the masculine/neuter dative singular of an adjective to form the corresponding adverb: -ly"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "links": [
        [
          "-ly",
          "-ly"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "D. A. Binchy",
    "Osborn Bergin"
  ],
  "word": "in"
}

Download raw JSONL data for in meaning in Old Irish (10.9kB)

{
  "called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
  "msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, in/Old Irish",
  "path": [
    "in"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "article",
  "title": "in",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old Irish]; cleaned text: Nominative",
  "path": [
    "in"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "article",
  "title": "in",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old Irish]; cleaned text: Accusative",
  "path": [
    "in"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "article",
  "title": "in",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old Irish]; cleaned text: Genitive",
  "path": [
    "in"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "article",
  "title": "in",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old Irish]; cleaned text: Dative",
  "path": [
    "in"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "article",
  "title": "in",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
  "msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, in/Old Irish",
  "path": [
    "in"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "particle",
  "title": "in",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
  "msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, in/Old Irish",
  "path": [
    "in"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "particle",
  "title": "in",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.