See врагъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "nefariously",
"roman": "vragočĭstvĭno",
"word": "врагочьствьно"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "nefarious",
"roman": "vragočĭstivyi",
"word": "врагочьстивꙑи"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hostile",
"roman": "vražedĭnyi",
"word": "вражедьнꙑи"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hostile, diabolical",
"roman": "vražii",
"word": "вражии"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "she-enemy",
"roman": "vražica",
"word": "вражица"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "enemy",
"roman": "vražĭbĭnikŭ",
"word": "вражьбьникъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hostile",
"roman": "vražĭbĭnyi",
"word": "вражьбьнꙑи"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "enmity",
"roman": "vražĭda",
"word": "вражьда"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hostile",
"roman": "vražĭdebĭnyi",
"word": "вражьдебьнꙑи"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "spiteful",
"roman": "vražĭdivŭ",
"word": "вражьдивъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to hate, resent",
"roman": "vražĭdovati",
"word": "вражьдовати"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "odiously",
"roman": "vražĭdoljubĭně",
"word": "вражьдолюбьнѣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "enmity-lover",
"roman": "vražĭdoljubĭcĭ",
"word": "вражьдолюбьць"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "enemy",
"roman": "vražĭdĭnikŭ",
"word": "вражьдьникъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "she-enemy",
"roman": "vražĭdĭnica",
"word": "вражьдьница"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hostile",
"roman": "vražĭdĭnyi",
"word": "вражьдьныи"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hostile",
"roman": "vražĭnyi",
"word": "вражьнꙑи"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hostile, related to enemy",
"roman": "vražĭskyi",
"word": "вражьскꙑи"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "враг"
},
"expansion": "Russian: враг (vrag)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: враг (vrag)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "враг"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: враг (vrah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: враг (vrah)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "cu",
"3": "врагъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic врагъ (vragŭ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*vorgъ",
"4": "",
"5": "enemy, foe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vorgъ (“enemy, foe”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "ворогъ"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of ворогъ (vorogŭ)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic врагъ (vragŭ), from Proto-Slavic *vorgъ (“enemy, foe”). Doublet of ворогъ (vorogŭ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vragŭ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "orv-decl-noun-m-o",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "врагъ",
"roman": "vragŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "врага",
"roman": "vraga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "врази",
"roman": "vrazi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "врага",
"roman": "vraga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "врагу",
"roman": "vragu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "врагъ",
"roman": "vragŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "врагу",
"roman": "vragu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "врагома",
"roman": "vragoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "врагомъ",
"roman": "vragomŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "врагъ",
"roman": "vragŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "врага",
"roman": "vraga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "врагꙑ",
"roman": "vragy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "врагъмь",
"roman": "vragŭmĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "врагома",
"roman": "vragoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "врагꙑ",
"roman": "vragy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "вразѣ",
"roman": "vrazě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "врагу",
"roman": "vragu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "вразѣхъ",
"roman": "vrazěxŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "враже",
"roman": "vraže",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "врага",
"roman": "vraga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "врази",
"roman": "vrazi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "врагъ (vragŭ) m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "врагъ (vragŭ) m",
"name": "orv-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"вра‧гъ"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "вра",
"2": "г"
},
"name": "orv-decl-noun-m-o"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "врагъ",
"10": "врагома",
"11": "врага",
"12": "врагома",
"13": "врагу",
"14": "врага",
"15": "врази",
"16": "врагъ",
"17": "врагомъ",
"18": "врагꙑ",
"19": "врагꙑ",
"2": "врага",
"20": "вразѣхъ",
"21": "врази",
"3": "врагу",
"4": "врагъ",
"5": "врагъмь",
"6": "вразѣ",
"7": "враже",
"8": "врага",
"9": "врагу",
"type": "hard o-stem"
},
"name": "orv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "fever",
"roman": "vraguša",
"word": "врагуша"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "augury, enchanting",
"roman": "vraženije",
"word": "вражениѥ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "enchanted",
"roman": "vraženyi",
"word": "враженꙑи"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "soothsayer",
"roman": "vražitelĭ",
"word": "вражитель"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to enchant",
"roman": "vražiti",
"word": "вражити"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "cure",
"roman": "vražĭba",
"word": "вражьба"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] God's grace illuminated his heart and God's hand helped him, and [he] defeated all his foes, and was feared among all.",
"ref": "XI century, Память и Похвала князю русскому Владимиру (Memorial and Panegyric to Prince Vladimir of Rus)",
"text": "[…] благодать Божия просвѣщаше сердце его и рука Господня помогаше ему, и побѣжаше всꙗ врагы своꙗ, и боꙗхутсѧ его вси.\n[…] blagodatĭ Božija prosvěščaše serdce ego i ruka Gospodnja pomogaše emu, i poběžaše vsja vragy svoja, i bojaxutsę ego vsi.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an enemy, foe"
],
"id": "en-врагъ-orv-noun-cd5SZ9GU",
"links": [
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
],
[
"foe",
"foe"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And Yaroslav was glad, seeing many churches and many Christians [among his] people, while the devil wailed, being defeated by the newly-baptized.",
"ref": "Лаврентеи, editor (1377), “врагъ”, in Повѣсти времѧньнꙑх лѣ т [Laurentian Codex], page (leaf) 52, line -12, s.a. 6545 (1037)",
"roman": "Radovašesę Jaroslavŭ vida množĭstvo cĭrkvii . i ljudi xrestyany zělo . a vragŭ sětovašetĭsę poběžajemŭ . novymi ljudĭmi xrestyanskymi.",
"text": "Радовашесѧ Ꙗрославъ вида множьство цьрквии . и люди хрестꙑанꙑ зѣло . а врагъ сѣтовашетьсѧ побѣжаемъ . новыми людьми хрестꙑанскꙑми.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the devil"
],
"id": "en-врагъ-orv-noun-Br4tYqzE",
"links": [
[
"devil",
"devil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) the devil"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋrɑɡʊ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋraɡʊ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋraɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋrɑɡʊ/",
"note": "ca. 9ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋraɡʊ/",
"note": "ca. 11ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋraɡ/",
"note": "ca. 13ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "врагъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old East Slavic doublets",
"Old East Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Old East Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Old East Slavic lemmas",
"Old East Slavic masculine nouns",
"Old East Slavic nouns",
"Old East Slavic terms borrowed from Old Church Slavonic",
"Old East Slavic terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
"Old East Slavic terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old East Slavic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "nefariously",
"roman": "vragočĭstvĭno",
"word": "врагочьствьно"
},
{
"english": "nefarious",
"roman": "vragočĭstivyi",
"word": "врагочьстивꙑи"
},
{
"english": "hostile",
"roman": "vražedĭnyi",
"word": "вражедьнꙑи"
},
{
"english": "hostile, diabolical",
"roman": "vražii",
"word": "вражии"
},
{
"english": "she-enemy",
"roman": "vražica",
"word": "вражица"
},
{
"english": "enemy",
"roman": "vražĭbĭnikŭ",
"word": "вражьбьникъ"
},
{
"english": "hostile",
"roman": "vražĭbĭnyi",
"word": "вражьбьнꙑи"
},
{
"english": "enmity",
"roman": "vražĭda",
"word": "вражьда"
},
{
"english": "hostile",
"roman": "vražĭdebĭnyi",
"word": "вражьдебьнꙑи"
},
{
"english": "spiteful",
"roman": "vražĭdivŭ",
"word": "вражьдивъ"
},
{
"english": "to hate, resent",
"roman": "vražĭdovati",
"word": "вражьдовати"
},
{
"english": "odiously",
"roman": "vražĭdoljubĭně",
"word": "вражьдолюбьнѣ"
},
{
"english": "enmity-lover",
"roman": "vražĭdoljubĭcĭ",
"word": "вражьдолюбьць"
},
{
"english": "enemy",
"roman": "vražĭdĭnikŭ",
"word": "вражьдьникъ"
},
{
"english": "she-enemy",
"roman": "vražĭdĭnica",
"word": "вражьдьница"
},
{
"english": "hostile",
"roman": "vražĭdĭnyi",
"word": "вражьдьныи"
},
{
"english": "hostile",
"roman": "vražĭnyi",
"word": "вражьнꙑи"
},
{
"english": "hostile, related to enemy",
"roman": "vražĭskyi",
"word": "вражьскꙑи"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "враг"
},
"expansion": "Russian: враг (vrag)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: враг (vrag)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "враг"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: враг (vrah)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: враг (vrah)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "cu",
"3": "врагъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic врагъ (vragŭ)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*vorgъ",
"4": "",
"5": "enemy, foe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vorgъ (“enemy, foe”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "ворогъ"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of ворогъ (vorogŭ)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic врагъ (vragŭ), from Proto-Slavic *vorgъ (“enemy, foe”). Doublet of ворогъ (vorogŭ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vragŭ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "orv-decl-noun-m-o",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "врагъ",
"roman": "vragŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "врага",
"roman": "vraga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "врази",
"roman": "vrazi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "врага",
"roman": "vraga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "врагу",
"roman": "vragu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "врагъ",
"roman": "vragŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "врагу",
"roman": "vragu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "врагома",
"roman": "vragoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "врагомъ",
"roman": "vragomŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "врагъ",
"roman": "vragŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "врага",
"roman": "vraga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "врагꙑ",
"roman": "vragy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "врагъмь",
"roman": "vragŭmĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "врагома",
"roman": "vragoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "врагꙑ",
"roman": "vragy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "вразѣ",
"roman": "vrazě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "врагу",
"roman": "vragu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "вразѣхъ",
"roman": "vrazěxŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "враже",
"roman": "vraže",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "врага",
"roman": "vraga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "врази",
"roman": "vrazi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "врагъ (vragŭ) m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "врагъ (vragŭ) m",
"name": "orv-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"вра‧гъ"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "вра",
"2": "г"
},
"name": "orv-decl-noun-m-o"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "врагъ",
"10": "врагома",
"11": "врага",
"12": "врагома",
"13": "врагу",
"14": "врага",
"15": "врази",
"16": "врагъ",
"17": "врагомъ",
"18": "врагꙑ",
"19": "врагꙑ",
"2": "врага",
"20": "вразѣхъ",
"21": "врази",
"3": "врагу",
"4": "врагъ",
"5": "врагъмь",
"6": "вразѣ",
"7": "враже",
"8": "врага",
"9": "врагу",
"type": "hard o-stem"
},
"name": "orv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "fever",
"roman": "vraguša",
"word": "врагуша"
},
{
"english": "augury, enchanting",
"roman": "vraženije",
"word": "вражениѥ"
},
{
"english": "enchanted",
"roman": "vraženyi",
"word": "враженꙑи"
},
{
"english": "soothsayer",
"roman": "vražitelĭ",
"word": "вражитель"
},
{
"english": "to enchant",
"roman": "vražiti",
"word": "вражити"
},
{
"english": "cure",
"roman": "vražĭba",
"word": "вражьба"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old East Slavic terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] God's grace illuminated his heart and God's hand helped him, and [he] defeated all his foes, and was feared among all.",
"ref": "XI century, Память и Похвала князю русскому Владимиру (Memorial and Panegyric to Prince Vladimir of Rus)",
"text": "[…] благодать Божия просвѣщаше сердце его и рука Господня помогаше ему, и побѣжаше всꙗ врагы своꙗ, и боꙗхутсѧ его вси.\n[…] blagodatĭ Božija prosvěščaše serdce ego i ruka Gospodnja pomogaše emu, i poběžaše vsja vragy svoja, i bojaxutsę ego vsi.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an enemy, foe"
],
"links": [
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
],
[
"foe",
"foe"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old East Slavic terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And Yaroslav was glad, seeing many churches and many Christians [among his] people, while the devil wailed, being defeated by the newly-baptized.",
"ref": "Лаврентеи, editor (1377), “врагъ”, in Повѣсти времѧньнꙑх лѣ т [Laurentian Codex], page (leaf) 52, line -12, s.a. 6545 (1037)",
"roman": "Radovašesę Jaroslavŭ vida množĭstvo cĭrkvii . i ljudi xrestyany zělo . a vragŭ sětovašetĭsę poběžajemŭ . novymi ljudĭmi xrestyanskymi.",
"text": "Радовашесѧ Ꙗрославъ вида множьство цьрквии . и люди хрестꙑанꙑ зѣло . а врагъ сѣтовашетьсѧ побѣжаемъ . новыми людьми хрестꙑанскꙑми.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the devil"
],
"links": [
[
"devil",
"devil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) the devil"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋrɑɡʊ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋraɡʊ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋraɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋrɑɡʊ/",
"note": "ca. 9ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋraɡʊ/",
"note": "ca. 11ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋraɡ/",
"note": "ca. 13ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "врагъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for врагъ meaning in Old East Slavic (8.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old East Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.