See gest in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gesten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gestenen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gestyng"
}
],
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{
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],
"text": "English: guest"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "guest"
},
"expansion": "Scots: guest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
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}
],
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{
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"name": "der"
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{
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"1": "enm",
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"3": "ġiest"
},
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"name": "der"
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{
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "host"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of host",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a conflation of Old Norse gestr and Old English ġiest; both from Proto-Germanic *gastiz, from Proto-Germanic *gʰóstis. Doublet of host.",
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"form": "gestes",
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]
}
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{
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 8 6 5 4 10 11 13 13 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 13 13 21 0 2 10 9 8 5",
"kind": "topical",
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},
{
"_dis": "26 12 6 8 5 5 10 11 12 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sex",
"orig": "enm:Sex",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Reproduction",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"A guest, visitor; somebody staying at another's residence."
],
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[
"guest",
"guest"
],
[
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"senseid": [
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},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 13 13 21 0 2 10 9 8 5",
"kind": "topical",
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"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A customer of a hostel or inn; one that pays for accommodation."
],
"id": "en-gest-enm-noun-O3GnrCXo",
"links": [
[
"hostel",
"hostel"
],
[
"inn",
"inn"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 13 13 21 0 2 10 9 8 5",
"kind": "topical",
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],
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}
],
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],
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"links": [
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"unknown"
],
[
"person",
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]
]
},
{
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{
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"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Society",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 13 13 21 0 2 10 9 8 5",
"kind": "topical",
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"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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}
],
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"A (often threatening) male individual; a ominous person."
],
"id": "en-gest-enm-noun-p8xa8DJJ",
"links": [
[
"threatening",
"threatening"
]
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "4 3 0 37 42 1 2 6 2 1",
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"Gender",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-gest-enm-noun-Mqwvtey9",
"links": [
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"lover",
"lover"
]
],
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"(figurative, rare) A male lover of a woman; a man in an unofficial intimate relationship with a woman."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛːst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡist/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "geste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "geast"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gyst"
}
],
"word": "gest"
}
{
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"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "gest",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
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{
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{
"extra": "tale",
"word": "geste"
}
],
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{
"english": "In the old Roman histories may men find\nMaurice's life; I bear it not in mind.",
"ref": "late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Man of Law's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 1126-1127",
"roman": "Maurices lyf; I bere it noght in minde.",
"text": "In olde Romayn gestes may men finde",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "… Or else it was Sinon the Greek's horse,\nThat brought Troy to destruction,\nAs men in these old romances read, …",
"ref": "late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Squire's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 209-211",
"text": "[...] Or elles it was the Grekes hors Synon,\nThat broghte Troye to destruccion,\nAs men may in thise olde gestes rede, [...]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of geste (“tale”)"
],
"id": "en-gest-enm-noun-Q9r-8b9J",
"links": [
[
"geste",
"geste#Middle_English:_tale"
]
],
"tags": [
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"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "gest"
}
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"etymology_number": 3,
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"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "gest",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "tribe",
"word": "geste"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of geste (“tribe”)"
],
"id": "en-gest-enm-noun-OT3IS~lk",
"links": [
[
"geste",
"geste#Middle_English:_tribe"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"word": "gest"
}
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"etymology_number": 4,
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"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to host a guest",
"word": "gesten"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gesten (“to host a guest”)"
],
"id": "en-gest-enm-verb-eckYJ~Au",
"links": [
[
"gesten",
"gesten#Middle_English:_to_host_a_guest"
]
],
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"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "gest"
}
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "gest",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to read poetry",
"word": "gesten"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gesten (“to read poetry”)"
],
"id": "en-gest-enm-verb-kBC8LT3c",
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"gesten",
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]
],
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}
],
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}
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"expansion": "gest",
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "beer foam",
"word": "yest"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of yest (“beer foam”)"
],
"id": "en-gest-enm-noun-myikMx-P",
"links": [
[
"yest",
"yest#Middle_English:_beer_foam"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "gest"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɛst",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɛst/1 syllable",
"enm:Male",
"enm:People",
"enm:Sex"
],
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{
"word": "gesten"
},
{
"word": "gestenen"
},
{
"word": "gestyng"
}
],
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{
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"templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "guest"
},
"expansion": "English: guest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
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},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "guest"
},
"expansion": "Scots: guest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: guest"
}
],
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"3": "gestr"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
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"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġiest"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġiest",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gastiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gastiz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gʰóstis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gʰóstis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "host"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of host",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a conflation of Old Norse gestr and Old English ġiest; both from Proto-Germanic *gastiz, from Proto-Germanic *gʰóstis. Doublet of host.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gestes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"expansion": "gest",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "gestes"
},
"expansion": "gest (plural gestes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A guest, visitor; somebody staying at another's residence."
],
"links": [
[
"guest",
"guest"
],
[
"visitor",
"visitor"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:guest"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A customer of a hostel or inn; one that pays for accommodation."
],
"links": [
[
"hostel",
"hostel"
],
[
"inn",
"inn"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An unknown person; a foreigner or outsider."
],
"links": [
[
"unknown",
"unknown"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A (often threatening) male individual; a ominous person."
],
"links": [
[
"threatening",
"threatening"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A male lover of a woman; a man in an unofficial intimate relationship with a woman."
],
"links": [
[
"lover",
"lover"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, rare) A male lover of a woman; a man in an unofficial intimate relationship with a woman."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛːst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡist/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "geste"
},
{
"word": "gist"
},
{
"word": "geast"
},
{
"word": "gyst"
}
],
"word": "gest"
}
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"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"enm:People",
"enm:Sex"
],
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"2": "noun"
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"expansion": "gest",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "tale",
"word": "geste"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In the old Roman histories may men find\nMaurice's life; I bear it not in mind.",
"ref": "late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Man of Law's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 1126-1127",
"roman": "Maurices lyf; I bere it noght in minde.",
"text": "In olde Romayn gestes may men finde",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "… Or else it was Sinon the Greek's horse,\nThat brought Troy to destruction,\nAs men in these old romances read, …",
"ref": "late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Squire's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 209-211",
"text": "[...] Or elles it was the Grekes hors Synon,\nThat broghte Troye to destruccion,\nAs men may in thise olde gestes rede, [...]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of geste (“tale”)"
],
"links": [
[
"geste",
"geste#Middle_English:_tale"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "gest"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Male",
"enm:People",
"enm:Sex"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
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"expansion": "gest",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "tribe",
"word": "geste"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of geste (“tribe”)"
],
"links": [
[
"geste",
"geste#Middle_English:_tribe"
]
],
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"alternative"
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}
],
"word": "gest"
}
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"categories": [
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"Middle English lemmas",
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"Middle English verbs",
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"Pages with entries",
"enm:Male",
"enm:People",
"enm:Sex"
],
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},
"expansion": "gest",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to host a guest",
"word": "gesten"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gesten (“to host a guest”)"
],
"links": [
[
"gesten",
"gesten#Middle_English:_to_host_a_guest"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "gest"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Male",
"enm:People",
"enm:Sex"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "gest",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to read poetry",
"word": "gesten"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gesten (“to read poetry”)"
],
"links": [
[
"gesten",
"gesten#Middle_English:_to_read_poetry"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "gest"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Male",
"enm:People",
"enm:Sex"
],
"etymology_number": 6,
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "gest",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "beer foam",
"word": "yest"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of yest (“beer foam”)"
],
"links": [
[
"yest",
"yest#Middle_English:_beer_foam"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "gest"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gest meaning in Middle English (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.