"spolium" meaning in Latin

See spolium in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: Referred to Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel-. Cognate with Ancient Greek σπολάς (spolás, “leathern garment”) and ἄσπαλον (áspalon, “skin, hide”), German spalten (“to split, cleave”), Sanskrit स्फाटयति (sphāṭayati, “to cause to split”) and स्फटति (spháṭati, “to burst, expand”). See also English spill. Etymology templates: {{der|la|ine-pro|*(s)pel-}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel-, {{cog|grc|σπολάς||leathern garment}} Ancient Greek σπολάς (spolás, “leathern garment”), {{cog|de|spalten||to split, cleave}} German spalten (“to split, cleave”), {{cog|sa|स्फाटयति||to cause to split}} Sanskrit स्फाटयति (sphāṭayati, “to cause to split”) Head templates: {{la-noun|spolium<2>}} spolium n (genitive spoliī or spolī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|spolium<2>}} Forms: spoliī [genitive], spolī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], spolium [nominative, singular], spolia [nominative, plural], spoliī [genitive, singular], spolī [genitive, singular], spoliōrum [genitive, plural], spoliō [dative, singular], spoliīs [dative, plural], spolium [accusative, singular], spolia [accusative, plural], spoliō [ablative, singular], spoliīs [ablative, plural], spolium [singular, vocative], spolia [plural, vocative]
  1. the skin or hide of an animal stripped off Tags: declension-2, neuter Synonyms: pellis, vellus, corium, scortum
    Sense id: en-spolium-la-noun-kK6b0Qbv Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter nouns in the second declension Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 44 46 4 5 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 40 53 3 4 Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 73 16 11 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 31 33 36
  2. (transferred sense) the arms or armor stripped from a defeated enemy Tags: declension-2, neuter
    Sense id: en-spolium-la-noun-1hbkB1c4 Categories (other): Latin neuter nouns in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 31 33 36
  3. booty, prey, spoil Tags: declension-2, neuter Synonyms: praeda, manubia, rapīna
    Sense id: en-spolium-la-noun-TmMY6azg Categories (other): Latin neuter nouns in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 31 33 36
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: spoliō, spolia opīma

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "spoliō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "spolia opīma"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "word": "spoglio"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "word": "spoglia"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "scoglio"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "scoglia"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italo-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "esbulho"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "espoli"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "espólio"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "espolio"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "lang_code": "rup",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "spolji"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "spoil"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "spolie"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)pel-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σπολάς",
        "3": "",
        "4": "leathern garment"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σπολάς (spolás, “leathern garment”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "spalten",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to split, cleave"
      },
      "expansion": "German spalten (“to split, cleave”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "स्फाटयति",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to cause to split"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit स्फाटयति (sphāṭayati, “to cause to split”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Referred to Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel-. Cognate with Ancient Greek σπολάς (spolás, “leathern garment”) and ἄσπαλον (áspalon, “skin, hide”), German spalten (“to split, cleave”), Sanskrit स्फाटयति (sphāṭayati, “to cause to split”) and स्फटति (spháṭati, “to burst, expand”). See also English spill.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "spoliī",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliī",
          "spolii"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolī",
      "links": [
        [
          "spolī",
          "spoli"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spoliī",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliī",
          "spolii#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolī",
      "links": [
        [
          "spolī",
          "spoli#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spoliōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliōrum",
          "spoliorum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spoliō",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliō",
          "spolio#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spoliīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliīs",
          "spoliis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spoliō",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliō",
          "spolio#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spoliīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliīs",
          "spoliis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spolium<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "spolium n (genitive spoliī or spolī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spolium<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 46 4 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 53 3 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "73 16 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the skin or hide of an animal stripped off"
      ],
      "id": "en-spolium-la-noun-kK6b0Qbv",
      "links": [
        [
          "skin",
          "skin"
        ],
        [
          "hide",
          "hide"
        ],
        [
          "animal",
          "animal"
        ],
        [
          "stripped",
          "stripped"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pellis"
        },
        {
          "word": "vellus"
        },
        {
          "word": "corium"
        },
        {
          "word": "scortum"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the arms or armor stripped from a defeated enemy"
      ],
      "id": "en-spolium-la-noun-1hbkB1c4",
      "links": [
        [
          "arms",
          "arms"
        ],
        [
          "armor",
          "armor"
        ],
        [
          "defeated",
          "defeated"
        ],
        [
          "enemy",
          "enemy"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "transferred sense",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transferred sense) the arms or armor stripped from a defeated enemy"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Proverbs.16.19",
          "text": "Melius est humiliārī cum mītibus, quam dīvidere spolia cum superbīs.\nIt is better to be humbled with the meek, than to divide spoils with the proud.\n(Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.: 1752 CE)",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "booty, prey, spoil"
      ],
      "id": "en-spolium-la-noun-TmMY6azg",
      "links": [
        [
          "booty",
          "booty"
        ],
        [
          "prey",
          "prey"
        ],
        [
          "spoil",
          "spoil"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "praeda"
        },
        {
          "word": "manubia"
        },
        {
          "word": "rapīna"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "spolium"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin neuter nouns",
    "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "spoliō"
    },
    {
      "word": "spolia opīma"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "word": "spoglio"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "word": "spoglia"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "scoglio"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "scoglia"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italo-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "esbulho"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "espoli"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "espólio"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "espolio"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "lang_code": "rup",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "spolji"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "spoil"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "spolie"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)pel-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σπολάς",
        "3": "",
        "4": "leathern garment"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σπολάς (spolás, “leathern garment”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "spalten",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to split, cleave"
      },
      "expansion": "German spalten (“to split, cleave”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "स्फाटयति",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to cause to split"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit स्फाटयति (sphāṭayati, “to cause to split”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Referred to Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel-. Cognate with Ancient Greek σπολάς (spolás, “leathern garment”) and ἄσπαλον (áspalon, “skin, hide”), German spalten (“to split, cleave”), Sanskrit स्फाटयति (sphāṭayati, “to cause to split”) and स्फटति (spháṭati, “to burst, expand”). See also English spill.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "spoliī",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliī",
          "spolii"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolī",
      "links": [
        [
          "spolī",
          "spoli"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spoliī",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliī",
          "spolii#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolī",
      "links": [
        [
          "spolī",
          "spoli#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spoliōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliōrum",
          "spoliorum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spoliō",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliō",
          "spolio#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spoliīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliīs",
          "spoliis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spoliō",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliō",
          "spolio#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spoliīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoliīs",
          "spoliis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolium",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spolia",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spolium<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "spolium n (genitive spoliī or spolī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spolium<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the skin or hide of an animal stripped off"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "skin",
          "skin"
        ],
        [
          "hide",
          "hide"
        ],
        [
          "animal",
          "animal"
        ],
        [
          "stripped",
          "stripped"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pellis"
        },
        {
          "word": "vellus"
        },
        {
          "word": "corium"
        },
        {
          "word": "scortum"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with transferred senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the arms or armor stripped from a defeated enemy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arms",
          "arms"
        ],
        [
          "armor",
          "armor"
        ],
        [
          "defeated",
          "defeated"
        ],
        [
          "enemy",
          "enemy"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "transferred sense",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transferred sense) the arms or armor stripped from a defeated enemy"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Proverbs.16.19",
          "text": "Melius est humiliārī cum mītibus, quam dīvidere spolia cum superbīs.\nIt is better to be humbled with the meek, than to divide spoils with the proud.\n(Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.: 1752 CE)",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "booty, prey, spoil"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "booty",
          "booty"
        ],
        [
          "prey",
          "prey"
        ],
        [
          "spoil",
          "spoil"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "praeda"
        },
        {
          "word": "manubia"
        },
        {
          "word": "rapīna"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "spolium"
}

Download raw JSONL data for spolium meaning in Latin (5.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.