See pilus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dēpilātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pila"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pilleus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pilō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pilōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "per"
},
{
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"word": "per"
},
{
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"word": "per"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "păr"
}
],
"lang": "Balkan Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "pail"
}
],
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "pelo"
},
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "pilo"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "pilu"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "pilu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "piu"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "pèil"
},
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "päil"
},
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "pel"
},
{
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"word": "pèi"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "pel"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "pil"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "pèil"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "pèi"
},
{
"lang": "Romagnol",
"lang_code": "rgn",
"word": "pél"
},
{
"lang": "Romagnol",
"lang_code": "rgn",
"word": "päil"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Italic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "pêl"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "pail"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "peil"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "pel"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "péło"
}
],
"lang": "North Italian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "pêl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pelage"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "poil"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pelage"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "pelage"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"word": "pé"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "peil"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pelage"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "poil"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pelage"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "pelage"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"word": "pé"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "poil"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "pèl"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "pel"
}
],
"lang": "Occitano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "pelu"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "pelo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "pelo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "pelo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"raw_tags": [
"/l/ likely kept by analogy with cabelo"
],
"word": "pelo"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "pelo"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"fine underfur of certain animals"
],
"word": "pile"
},
{
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pilo"
}
],
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la:"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ine-pro:*pil-",
"id": "hair",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pil-\nLatin pilus\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pilus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"hair\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"pilus\" id=\"Latin:_hair\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*pilo-",
"t": "hair"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pilo- (“hair”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pilleus",
"t": "felt cap"
},
"expansion": "Latin pilleus (“felt cap”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πῖλος",
"t": "wool or hair wrought into felt"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πῖλος (pîlos, “wool or hair wrought into felt”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pьlstь",
"3": "*pь̑lstъ",
"4": "felt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pь̑lstъ (“felt”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Walde, Alois (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1927), Julius Pokorny, editor, <cite>Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen</cite> (in German), volume II, Berlin: de Gruyter, page 71</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Pokorny, Julius (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1959), <cite>Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch</cite> [<cite>Indo-European Etymological Dictionary</cite>] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 830</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Walde, Alois; Hofmann, Johann Baptist (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1954), “pilus”, in <cite>Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch</cite> (in German), 3rd edition, volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pages 304–305</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Ernout, Alfred; Meillet, Antoine (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1985), “pilus”, in <cite>Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots</cite> (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 507b</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">De Vaan, Michiel (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2008), “pilus”, in <cite>Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages</cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 465</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pil-\nLatin pilus\nUncertain. Older sources reconstruct Proto-Indo-European *pilo- (“hair”), with Latin pilleus (“felt cap”), Ancient Greek πῖλος (pîlos, “wool or hair wrought into felt”), Proto-Slavic *pь̑lstъ (“felt”) as cognates, but this is no longer accepted.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pilī",
"links": [
[
"pilī",
"pili"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pilus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pilī",
"links": [
[
"pilī",
"pili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pilī",
"links": [
[
"pilī",
"pili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pilōrum",
"links": [
[
"pilōrum",
"pilorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pilō",
"links": [
[
"pilō",
"pilo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pilīs",
"links": [
[
"pilīs",
"pilis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pilum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pilōs",
"links": [
[
"pilōs",
"pilos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pilō",
"links": [
[
"pilō",
"pilo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pilīs",
"links": [
[
"pilīs",
"pilis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pilī",
"links": [
[
"pilī",
"pili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pilus<2>"
},
"expansion": "pilus m (genitive pilī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pi",
"lus"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pilus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "la:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 35 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 39 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a hair"
],
"id": "en-pilus-la-noun-kHJX5xIJ",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally, anatomy) a hair"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "capillus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"literally",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 35 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 39 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an insignificant amount; iota; least amount"
],
"id": "en-pilus-la-noun-wx-Pbqd7",
"links": [
[
"iota",
"iota"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) an insignificant amount; iota; least amount"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɪ.ɫʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpiː.lus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:Jacques André"
],
"word": "pilus"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":from",
"3": "pīlum<t:javelin>",
"id": "maniple",
"text": "*",
"title": "pīlus",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *peys-der.\nProto-Indo-European *pistlom\nProto-Italic *pistlom\nLatin pīlum\nLatin pīlus\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to crush\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*peys-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pistlom\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*pistlom\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pīlum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pīlus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"maniple\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"pīlus\" id=\"Latin:_maniple\">\nFrom pīlum (“javelin”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *peys-der.\nProto-Indo-European *pistlom\nProto-Italic *pistlom\nLatin pīlum\nLatin pīlus\nFrom pīlum (“javelin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pīlus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlī",
"links": [
[
"pīlī",
"pili"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlus",
"links": [
[
"pīlus",
"pilus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlī",
"links": [
[
"pīlī",
"pili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlī",
"links": [
[
"pīlī",
"pili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlōrum",
"links": [
[
"pīlōrum",
"pilorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlō",
"links": [
[
"pīlō",
"pilo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlīs",
"links": [
[
"pīlīs",
"pilis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlum",
"links": [
[
"pīlum",
"pilum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlōs",
"links": [
[
"pīlōs",
"pilos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlō",
"links": [
[
"pīlō",
"pilo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlīs",
"links": [
[
"pīlīs",
"pilis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pīle",
"links": [
[
"pīle",
"pile#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlī",
"links": [
[
"pīlī",
"pili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pīlus<2>"
},
"expansion": "pīlus m (genitive pīlī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pī",
"lus"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pīlus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 39 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 35 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 39 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "prīmus pīlus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a maniple of the triāriī; a reserve company of veteran soldiers"
],
"id": "en-pilus-la-noun-E0F86Umz",
"links": [
[
"maniple",
"maniple"
],
[
"triāriī",
"triarius#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pīlum"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpiː.ɫʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpiː.lus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "pilus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries referencing missing etymons",
"Latin entries with etymology texts",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peys-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dēpilātus"
},
{
"word": "pila"
},
{
"word": "pilleus"
},
{
"word": "pilō"
},
{
"word": "pilōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "per"
},
{
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"word": "per"
},
{
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"word": "per"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "păr"
}
],
"lang": "Balkan Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "pail"
}
],
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "pelo"
},
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"word": "pilo"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "pilu"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "pilu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "piu"
}
],
"lang": "Insular Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "pèil"
},
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "päil"
},
{
"lang": "Emilian",
"lang_code": "egl",
"word": "pel"
},
{
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"word": "pèi"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "pel"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "pil"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "pèil"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "pèi"
},
{
"lang": "Romagnol",
"lang_code": "rgn",
"word": "pél"
},
{
"lang": "Romagnol",
"lang_code": "rgn",
"word": "päil"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Italic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "pêl"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "pail"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "peil"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "pel"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "péło"
}
],
"lang": "North Italian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "pêl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pelage"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "poil"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pelage"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "pelage"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"word": "pé"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "peil"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pelage"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "poil"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pelage"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "pelage"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"word": "pé"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "poil"
}
],
"lang": "Gallo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "pèl"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "pel"
}
],
"lang": "Occitano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "pelu"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "pelo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "pelo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "pelo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"raw_tags": [
"/l/ likely kept by analogy with cabelo"
],
"word": "pelo"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "pelo"
}
],
"lang": "Ibero-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"fine underfur of certain animals"
],
"word": "pile"
},
{
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pilo"
}
],
"lang": "Borrowings",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la:"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ine-pro:*pil-",
"id": "hair",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pil-\nLatin pilus\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pilus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"hair\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"pilus\" id=\"Latin:_hair\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*pilo-",
"t": "hair"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pilo- (“hair”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pilleus",
"t": "felt cap"
},
"expansion": "Latin pilleus (“felt cap”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πῖλος",
"t": "wool or hair wrought into felt"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πῖλος (pîlos, “wool or hair wrought into felt”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pьlstь",
"3": "*pь̑lstъ",
"4": "felt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pь̑lstъ (“felt”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Walde, Alois (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1927), Julius Pokorny, editor, <cite>Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen</cite> (in German), volume II, Berlin: de Gruyter, page 71</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Pokorny, Julius (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1959), <cite>Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch</cite> [<cite>Indo-European Etymological Dictionary</cite>] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 830</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Walde, Alois; Hofmann, Johann Baptist (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1954), “pilus”, in <cite>Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch</cite> (in German), 3rd edition, volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pages 304–305</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Ernout, Alfred; Meillet, Antoine (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1985), “pilus”, in <cite>Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots</cite> (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 507b</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">De Vaan, Michiel (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2008), “pilus”, in <cite>Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages</cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 465</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pil-\nLatin pilus\nUncertain. Older sources reconstruct Proto-Indo-European *pilo- (“hair”), with Latin pilleus (“felt cap”), Ancient Greek πῖλος (pîlos, “wool or hair wrought into felt”), Proto-Slavic *pь̑lstъ (“felt”) as cognates, but this is no longer accepted.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pilī",
"links": [
[
"pilī",
"pili"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pilus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pilī",
"links": [
[
"pilī",
"pili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pilī",
"links": [
[
"pilī",
"pili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pilōrum",
"links": [
[
"pilōrum",
"pilorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pilō",
"links": [
[
"pilō",
"pilo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pilīs",
"links": [
[
"pilīs",
"pilis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pilum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pilōs",
"links": [
[
"pilōs",
"pilos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pilō",
"links": [
[
"pilō",
"pilo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pilīs",
"links": [
[
"pilīs",
"pilis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pilī",
"links": [
[
"pilī",
"pili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pilus<2>"
},
"expansion": "pilus m (genitive pilī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pi",
"lus"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pilus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"la:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"a hair"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally, anatomy) a hair"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "capillus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"literally",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an insignificant amount; iota; least amount"
],
"links": [
[
"iota",
"iota"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) an insignificant amount; iota; least amount"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɪ.ɫʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpiː.lus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:Jacques André"
],
"word": "pilus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology texts",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peys-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "prīmus pīlus"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":from",
"3": "pīlum<t:javelin>",
"id": "maniple",
"text": "*",
"title": "pīlus",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *peys-der.\nProto-Indo-European *pistlom\nProto-Italic *pistlom\nLatin pīlum\nLatin pīlus\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to crush\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*peys-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pistlom\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*pistlom\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pīlum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pīlus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"maniple\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"pīlus\" id=\"Latin:_maniple\">\nFrom pīlum (“javelin”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *peys-der.\nProto-Indo-European *pistlom\nProto-Italic *pistlom\nLatin pīlum\nLatin pīlus\nFrom pīlum (“javelin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pīlus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlī",
"links": [
[
"pīlī",
"pili"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlus",
"links": [
[
"pīlus",
"pilus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlī",
"links": [
[
"pīlī",
"pili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlī",
"links": [
[
"pīlī",
"pili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlōrum",
"links": [
[
"pīlōrum",
"pilorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlō",
"links": [
[
"pīlō",
"pilo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlīs",
"links": [
[
"pīlīs",
"pilis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlum",
"links": [
[
"pīlum",
"pilum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlōs",
"links": [
[
"pīlōs",
"pilos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlō",
"links": [
[
"pīlō",
"pilo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlīs",
"links": [
[
"pīlīs",
"pilis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pīle",
"links": [
[
"pīle",
"pile#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pīlī",
"links": [
[
"pīlī",
"pili#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pīlus<2>"
},
"expansion": "pīlus m (genitive pīlī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pī",
"lus"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pīlus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a maniple of the triāriī; a reserve company of veteran soldiers"
],
"links": [
[
"maniple",
"maniple"
],
[
"triāriī",
"triarius#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pīlum"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpiː.ɫʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpiː.lus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "pilus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pilus meaning in Latin (14.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (03da280 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.