"負ける" meaning in Japanese

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "defeat; make",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "負け"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "sour grapes",
      "roman": "makeoshimi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ],
        [
          "惜",
          "お"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "負け惜しみ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "負く",
        "sort": "まける",
        "t": "",
        "tr": "maku"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese 負く (maku)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "下二段活用",
        "t": "lower bigrade conjugation",
        "tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
      },
      "expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "下二段活用",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lower bigrade conjugation",
        "tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
      },
      "expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "下一段活用",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lower monograde conjugation",
        "tr": "shimo ichidan katsuyō"
      },
      "expansion": "下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 負く (maku), in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern, from Proto-Japonic *maku.\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.\nFirst attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "負ける",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makeru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負け",
      "roman": "make",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けた",
      "roman": "maketa",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-ichi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負け",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "make",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負ける",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まける",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makeru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makerareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makesaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makesasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makerareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makereru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makeyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makenai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makenu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "maken",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makemasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けた",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけた",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "maketa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けて",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけて",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負ければ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まければ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makereba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "まける",
        "tr": "both",
        "type": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "負(ま)ける • (makeru) transitive or intransitive ichidan (stem 負(ま)け (make), past 負(ま)けた (maketa))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "makasu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "負かす"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "勝つ"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 55 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 57 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 57 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 57 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 57 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lose; to be defeated"
      ],
      "id": "en-負ける-ja-verb-sZPgEi6e",
      "links": [
        [
          "lose",
          "lose"
        ],
        [
          "defeated",
          "defeated"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to lose; to be defeated"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to lower in price"
      ],
      "id": "en-負ける-ja-verb-oRlSyIvm",
      "links": [
        [
          "lower",
          "lower"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to lower in price"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "まける"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ma̠ke̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "負ける"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "負く",
        "sort": "まける",
        "t": "",
        "tr": "maku"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese 負く (maku)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "下二段活用",
        "t": "lower bigrade conjugation",
        "tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
      },
      "expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "下二段活用",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lower bigrade conjugation",
        "tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
      },
      "expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "下一段活用",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lower monograde conjugation",
        "tr": "shimo ichidan katsuyō"
      },
      "expansion": "下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 負く (maku), in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern, from Proto-Japonic *maku.\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.\nFirst attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "負ける",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-makeru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負け",
      "roman": "-make",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けた",
      "roman": "-maketa",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix",
        "2": "まける",
        "type": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "負(ま)ける • (-makeru) ichidan (stem 負(ま)け (-make), past 負(ま)けた (-maketa))",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "勝つ"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 55 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to lose to someone in a quiz by pressing the buzzer too slow",
          "roman": "hayaoshi kuizu de oshi-makeru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "早押",
              "はやお"
            ],
            [
              "押",
              "お"
            ],
            [
              "負",
              "ま"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "早押しクイズで押し負ける"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lose when doing something"
      ],
      "id": "en-負ける-ja-suffix-UQetxobu",
      "links": [
        [
          "lose",
          "lose"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "まける"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ma̠ke̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "負ける"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese intransitive verbs",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese suffixes",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese type 2 verbs",
    "Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "defeat; make",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "負け"
    },
    {
      "english": "sour grapes",
      "roman": "makeoshimi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ],
        [
          "惜",
          "お"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "負け惜しみ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "負く",
        "sort": "まける",
        "t": "",
        "tr": "maku"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese 負く (maku)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "下二段活用",
        "t": "lower bigrade conjugation",
        "tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
      },
      "expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "下二段活用",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lower bigrade conjugation",
        "tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
      },
      "expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "下一段活用",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lower monograde conjugation",
        "tr": "shimo ichidan katsuyō"
      },
      "expansion": "下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 負く (maku), in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern, from Proto-Japonic *maku.\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.\nFirst attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "負ける",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makeru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負け",
      "roman": "make",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けた",
      "roman": "maketa",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-ichi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負け",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "make",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負ける",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まける",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makeru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makerareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makesaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makesasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makerareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makereru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makeyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makenai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makenu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "maken",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makemasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けた",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけた",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "maketa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けて",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まけて",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負ければ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "まければ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "makereba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "まける",
        "tr": "both",
        "type": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "負(ま)ける • (makeru) transitive or intransitive ichidan (stem 負(ま)け (make), past 負(ま)けた (maketa))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "makasu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "負かす"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "勝つ"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lose; to be defeated"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lose",
          "lose"
        ],
        [
          "defeated",
          "defeated"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to lose; to be defeated"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lower in price"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lower",
          "lower"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to lower in price"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "まける"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ma̠ke̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "負ける"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese intransitive verbs",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese suffixes",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese type 2 verbs",
    "Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "負く",
        "sort": "まける",
        "t": "",
        "tr": "maku"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese 負く (maku)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "下二段活用",
        "t": "lower bigrade conjugation",
        "tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
      },
      "expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "下二段活用",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lower bigrade conjugation",
        "tr": "shimo nidan katsuyō"
      },
      "expansion": "下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "下一段活用",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lower monograde conjugation",
        "tr": "shimo ichidan katsuyō"
      },
      "expansion": "下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 負く (maku), in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern, from Proto-Japonic *maku.\nDevelopment\nNatural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.\nFirst attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "負ける",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-makeru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負け",
      "roman": "-make",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "負けた",
      "roman": "-maketa",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "負",
          "ま"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix",
        "2": "まける",
        "type": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "負(ま)ける • (-makeru) ichidan (stem 負(ま)け (-make), past 負(ま)けた (-maketa))",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "勝つ"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to lose to someone in a quiz by pressing the buzzer too slow",
          "roman": "hayaoshi kuizu de oshi-makeru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "早押",
              "はやお"
            ],
            [
              "押",
              "お"
            ],
            [
              "負",
              "ま"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "早押しクイズで押し負ける"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lose when doing something"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lose",
          "lose"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "まける"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ma̠ke̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "負ける"
}