"美人" meaning in Japanese

See 美人 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [bʲiʑĩɴ] Forms: 美人 [canonical] (ruby: (), (じん)), bijin [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Chinese 美人 (MC mijX nyin, literally “beautiful (especially feminine) + person”). Compare modern Min Nan reading bí-jîn. The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. Etymology templates: {{bor|ja|ltc|-|sort=ひじん'}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|美人|lit=beautiful (especially feminine) + person}} 美人 (MC mijX nyin, literally “beautiful (especially feminine) + person”), {{cog|nan|-}} Min Nan Head templates: {{ja-noun|びじん}} 美(び)人(じん) • (bijin)
  1. a beautiful woman, a beauty, a belle Categories (topical): Female people Synonyms (beautiful woman): 美女、佳人 (kajin) (ruby: 美女(びじょ), 佳人(かじん))
    Sense id: en-美人-ja-noun-66Hk1LK0 Disambiguation of Female people: 26 13 2 32 1 26 Disambiguation of 'beautiful woman': 97 1 0 1 0
  2. a handsome man Categories (topical): Appearance, Female people Synonyms (handsome man): 美男子 (bidanshi), 美男 (binan)
    Sense id: en-美人-ja-noun-iMqx7qvE Disambiguation of Appearance: 23 29 3 22 1 23 Disambiguation of Female people: 26 13 2 32 1 26 Disambiguation of 'handsome man': 3 94 1 2 0
  3. (rare) an ideal ruler or sage, worthy of one's love and respect Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-美人-ja-noun-VkCfjoeO Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys
  4. (historical) in ancient China, the fifth of fourteen ranks for imperial ladies-in-waiting Tags: historical Categories (topical): Female people
    Sense id: en-美人-ja-noun-iHd8~pRi Disambiguation of Female people: 26 13 2 32 1 26 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese terms with rendaku Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 2 4 16 55 7 16 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 3 4 20 50 2 21 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 3 4 19 50 2 21 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 9 12 16 40 11 13 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 4 5 24 61 6 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 3 4 20 49 3 21 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 4 5 24 62 5 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with rendaku: 10 11 13 41 10 14
  5. (figurative) a euphemism for a rainbow Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-美人-ja-noun-ea53b4ID
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 美人コンテスト (bijin kontesuto) (ruby: 美人(びじん)) (english: a beauty pageant, a beauty contest), 美人画: a genre of picture (bijinga), depicting feminine beauty, a picture of this genre, 美人傘 (bijingasa) (ruby: 美人傘(びじんがさ)) (english: a large and deep umbrella that was fashionable in the late Meiji period), 美人蕉: the Chinese-derived alternate for 姫芭蕉 (hime bashō) (english: princess plantain) [literally], a variety of plantain of family Musaceae, 美人草: alternate name for 雛罌粟 (bijinsō) (ruby: 美人草(びじんそう)) (english: Papaver rhoeas, a field poppy or corn poppy) Related terms: 美人というも皮一重: → beauty is only skin deep (bijin to iu mo kawa hitoe) (ruby: 美人(びじん), 皮一重(かわひとえ)) (english: even a beautiful person only has one skin), 美人に年なし: → a beautiful person often looks young no matter their age (bijin ni toshi nashi) (ruby: 美人(びじん), (とし)) (english: a beautiful person doesn't have an age), 美人の終わりは猿になる: → a beautiful woman becomes less beautiful as she ages (bijin no owari wa saru ni naru) (ruby: 美人(びじん), (), (さる)) (english: the end of [being] a beautiful person is turning into a monkey), 美人は言わねど隠れなし: “even if you don't say that someone is beautiful (bijin wa iwanedo kakure nashi), there's no hiding it” → if someone is beautiful, it's obvious, 美人薄命: → beauty often doesn't last (bijin hakumei) (ruby: 美人薄命(びじんはくめい)) (english: a beautiful person has a thin [i.e. short] life)
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [ka̠o̞jo̞bʲito̞] Forms: 美人 [canonical] (ruby: (かおよ), (びと)), kaoyobito [romanization], kafoyobito [romanization], かほよびと [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: Compound of 顔 (kao, “face”) + 良 (yo, “good”, the stem of adjective 良い yoi, “good”) + 人 (hito, “person”). The hito changes to bito as an instance of rendaku (連濁). The 美 kanji spelling for the kaoyo portion of the reading is an example of jukujikun. Etymology templates: {{m|ja|良い}} 良い, {{compound|ja|顔|良|人|pos2=the stem of adjective <i class="Jpan mention" lang="ja">良い</i> yoi, “good”|sort=かおよびと|t1=face|t2=good|t3=person|tr1=kao|tr2=yo|tr3=hito}} 顔 (kao, “face”) + 良 (yo, “good”, the stem of adjective 良い yoi, “good”) + 人 (hito, “person”), {{m|ja|連濁}} 連濁, {{rendaku2|hito|bito|sort=かおよびと}} The hito changes to bito as an instance of rendaku (連濁)., {{m|ja|美}} 美 Head templates: {{ja-noun|かおよびと|hhira=かほよびと}} 美(かおよ)人(びと) • (kaoyobito) ^(←かほよびと (kafoyobito)?)
  1. (archaic, possibly obsolete) a beautiful woman, a beauty, a belle Tags: archaic, obsolete, possibly Categories (topical): Female people
    Sense id: en-美人-ja-noun-66Hk1LK01 Disambiguation of Female people: 26 13 2 32 1 26 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for 美人 meaning in Japanese (10.7kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "a beauty pageant, a beauty contest",
      "roman": "bijin kontesuto",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人",
          "びじん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人コンテスト"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bijinga",
      "word": "美人画: a genre of picture"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "depicting feminine beauty"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "a picture of this genre"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "a large and deep umbrella that was fashionable in the late Meiji period",
      "roman": "bijingasa",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人傘",
          "びじんがさ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人傘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "princess plantain",
      "roman": "hime bashō",
      "tags": [
        "literally"
      ],
      "word": "美人蕉: the Chinese-derived alternate for 姫芭蕉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "a variety of plantain of family Musaceae"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "Papaver rhoeas, a field poppy or corn poppy",
      "roman": "bijinsō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人草",
          "びじんそう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人草: alternate name for 雛罌粟"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "ひじん'"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "美人",
        "lit": "beautiful (especially feminine) + person"
      },
      "expansion": "美人 (MC mijX nyin, literally “beautiful (especially feminine) + person”)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nan",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Min Nan",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 美人 (MC mijX nyin, literally “beautiful (especially feminine) + person”). Compare modern Min Nan reading bí-jîn.\nThe kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "美人",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美",
          "び"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bijin",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "びじん"
      },
      "expansion": "美(び)人(じん) • (bijin)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "even a beautiful person only has one skin",
      "roman": "bijin to iu mo kawa hitoe",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人",
          "びじん"
        ],
        [
          "皮一重",
          "かわひとえ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人というも皮一重: → beauty is only skin deep"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "a beautiful person doesn't have an age",
      "roman": "bijin ni toshi nashi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人",
          "びじん"
        ],
        [
          "年",
          "とし"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人に年なし: → a beautiful person often looks young no matter their age"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "the end of [being] a beautiful person is turning into a monkey",
      "roman": "bijin no owari wa saru ni naru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人",
          "びじん"
        ],
        [
          "終",
          "お"
        ],
        [
          "猿",
          "さる"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人の終わりは猿になる: → a beautiful woman becomes less beautiful as she ages"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bijin wa iwanedo kakure nashi",
      "word": "美人は言わねど隠れなし: “even if you don't say that someone is beautiful"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "there's no hiding it” → if someone is beautiful"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "it's obvious"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "a beautiful person has a thin [i.e. short] life",
      "roman": "bijin hakumei",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人薄命",
          "びじんはくめい"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人薄命: → beauty often doesn't last"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 13 2 32 1 26",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Female people",
          "orig": "ja:Female people",
          "parents": [
            "Female",
            "People",
            "Gender",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Psychology",
            "Sociology",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "Fundamental",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "That Mona Lisa, she really is a beauty, isn't she.",
          "roman": "Mona Riza to ieba yahari bijin desu ne.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "美人",
              "びじん"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "モナ・リザといえばやはり美人ですね。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a beautiful woman, a beauty, a belle"
      ],
      "id": "en-美人-ja-noun-66Hk1LK0",
      "links": [
        [
          "beautiful",
          "beautiful"
        ],
        [
          "woman",
          "woman"
        ],
        [
          "beauty",
          "beauty"
        ],
        [
          "belle",
          "belle"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 0 1 0",
          "roman": "kajin",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "美女",
              "びじょ"
            ],
            [
              "佳人",
              "かじん"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "beautiful woman",
          "word": "美女、佳人"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 29 3 22 1 23",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Appearance",
          "orig": "ja:Appearance",
          "parents": [
            "Perception",
            "Body",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 13 2 32 1 26",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Female people",
          "orig": "ja:Female people",
          "parents": [
            "Female",
            "People",
            "Gender",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Psychology",
            "Sociology",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "Fundamental",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a handsome man"
      ],
      "id": "en-美人-ja-noun-iMqx7qvE",
      "links": [
        [
          "handsome",
          "handsome"
        ],
        [
          "man",
          "man"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 94 1 2 0",
          "roman": "bidanshi",
          "sense": "handsome man",
          "word": "美男子"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 94 1 2 0",
          "roman": "binan",
          "sense": "handsome man",
          "word": "美男"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an ideal ruler or sage, worthy of one's love and respect"
      ],
      "id": "en-美人-ja-noun-VkCfjoeO",
      "links": [
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal"
        ],
        [
          "ruler",
          "ruler"
        ],
        [
          "sage",
          "sage"
        ],
        [
          "love",
          "love"
        ],
        [
          "respect",
          "respect"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) an ideal ruler or sage, worthy of one's love and respect"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 4 16 55 7 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 4 20 50 2 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 4 19 50 2 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 12 16 40 11 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 5 24 61 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 4 20 49 3 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 5 24 62 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 11 13 41 10 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 13 2 32 1 26",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Female people",
          "orig": "ja:Female people",
          "parents": [
            "Female",
            "People",
            "Gender",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Psychology",
            "Sociology",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "Fundamental",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "in ancient China, the fifth of fourteen ranks for imperial ladies-in-waiting"
      ],
      "id": "en-美人-ja-noun-iHd8~pRi",
      "links": [
        [
          "fifth",
          "fifth"
        ],
        [
          "imperial",
          "imperial"
        ],
        [
          "ladies-in-waiting",
          "lady-in-waiting"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) in ancient China, the fifth of fourteen ranks for imperial ladies-in-waiting"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a euphemism for a rainbow"
      ],
      "id": "en-美人-ja-noun-ea53b4ID",
      "links": [
        [
          "euphemism",
          "euphemism"
        ],
        [
          "rainbow",
          "rainbow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) a euphemism for a rainbow"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "びじん"
    },
    {
      "other": "びじん"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[bʲiʑĩɴ]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Meiji period"
  ],
  "word": "美人"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "良い"
      },
      "expansion": "良い",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "顔",
        "3": "良",
        "4": "人",
        "pos2": "the stem of adjective <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">良い</i> yoi, “good”",
        "sort": "かおよびと",
        "t1": "face",
        "t2": "good",
        "t3": "person",
        "tr1": "kao",
        "tr2": "yo",
        "tr3": "hito"
      },
      "expansion": "顔 (kao, “face”) + 良 (yo, “good”, the stem of adjective 良い yoi, “good”) + 人 (hito, “person”)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "連濁"
      },
      "expansion": "連濁",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hito",
        "2": "bito",
        "sort": "かおよびと"
      },
      "expansion": "The hito changes to bito as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
      "name": "rendaku2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "美"
      },
      "expansion": "美",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 顔 (kao, “face”) + 良 (yo, “good”, the stem of adjective 良い yoi, “good”) + 人 (hito, “person”). The hito changes to bito as an instance of rendaku (連濁).\nThe 美 kanji spelling for the kaoyo portion of the reading is an example of jukujikun.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "美人",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美",
          "かおよ"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "びと"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaoyobito",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kafoyobito",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かほよびと",
      "roman": "kafoyobito",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かおよびと",
        "hhira": "かほよびと"
      },
      "expansion": "美(かおよ)人(びと) • (kaoyobito) ^(←かほよびと (kafoyobito)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 13 2 32 1 26",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Female people",
          "orig": "ja:Female people",
          "parents": [
            "Female",
            "People",
            "Gender",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Psychology",
            "Sociology",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "Fundamental",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a beautiful woman, a beauty, a belle"
      ],
      "id": "en-美人-ja-noun-66Hk1LK01",
      "links": [
        [
          "beautiful",
          "beautiful"
        ],
        [
          "woman",
          "woman"
        ],
        [
          "beauty",
          "beauty"
        ],
        [
          "belle",
          "belle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, possibly obsolete) a beautiful woman, a beauty, a belle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "obsolete",
        "possibly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠o̞jo̞bʲito̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:大辞林",
    "ja:松村明"
  ],
  "word": "美人"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with rendaku",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "ja:Appearance",
    "ja:Female people"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "a beauty pageant, a beauty contest",
      "roman": "bijin kontesuto",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人",
          "びじん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人コンテスト"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bijinga",
      "word": "美人画: a genre of picture"
    },
    {
      "word": "depicting feminine beauty"
    },
    {
      "word": "a picture of this genre"
    },
    {
      "english": "a large and deep umbrella that was fashionable in the late Meiji period",
      "roman": "bijingasa",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人傘",
          "びじんがさ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人傘"
    },
    {
      "english": "princess plantain",
      "roman": "hime bashō",
      "tags": [
        "literally"
      ],
      "word": "美人蕉: the Chinese-derived alternate for 姫芭蕉"
    },
    {
      "word": "a variety of plantain of family Musaceae"
    },
    {
      "english": "Papaver rhoeas, a field poppy or corn poppy",
      "roman": "bijinsō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人草",
          "びじんそう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人草: alternate name for 雛罌粟"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "ひじん'"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "美人",
        "lit": "beautiful (especially feminine) + person"
      },
      "expansion": "美人 (MC mijX nyin, literally “beautiful (especially feminine) + person”)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nan",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Min Nan",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 美人 (MC mijX nyin, literally “beautiful (especially feminine) + person”). Compare modern Min Nan reading bí-jîn.\nThe kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "美人",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美",
          "び"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bijin",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "びじん"
      },
      "expansion": "美(び)人(じん) • (bijin)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "even a beautiful person only has one skin",
      "roman": "bijin to iu mo kawa hitoe",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人",
          "びじん"
        ],
        [
          "皮一重",
          "かわひとえ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人というも皮一重: → beauty is only skin deep"
    },
    {
      "english": "a beautiful person doesn't have an age",
      "roman": "bijin ni toshi nashi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人",
          "びじん"
        ],
        [
          "年",
          "とし"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人に年なし: → a beautiful person often looks young no matter their age"
    },
    {
      "english": "the end of [being] a beautiful person is turning into a monkey",
      "roman": "bijin no owari wa saru ni naru",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人",
          "びじん"
        ],
        [
          "終",
          "お"
        ],
        [
          "猿",
          "さる"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人の終わりは猿になる: → a beautiful woman becomes less beautiful as she ages"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bijin wa iwanedo kakure nashi",
      "word": "美人は言わねど隠れなし: “even if you don't say that someone is beautiful"
    },
    {
      "word": "there's no hiding it” → if someone is beautiful"
    },
    {
      "word": "it's obvious"
    },
    {
      "english": "a beautiful person has a thin [i.e. short] life",
      "roman": "bijin hakumei",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美人薄命",
          "びじんはくめい"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "美人薄命: → beauty often doesn't last"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "That Mona Lisa, she really is a beauty, isn't she.",
          "roman": "Mona Riza to ieba yahari bijin desu ne.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "美人",
              "びじん"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "モナ・リザといえばやはり美人ですね。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a beautiful woman, a beauty, a belle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beautiful",
          "beautiful"
        ],
        [
          "woman",
          "woman"
        ],
        [
          "beauty",
          "beauty"
        ],
        [
          "belle",
          "belle"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a handsome man"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "handsome",
          "handsome"
        ],
        [
          "man",
          "man"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an ideal ruler or sage, worthy of one's love and respect"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal"
        ],
        [
          "ruler",
          "ruler"
        ],
        [
          "sage",
          "sage"
        ],
        [
          "love",
          "love"
        ],
        [
          "respect",
          "respect"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) an ideal ruler or sage, worthy of one's love and respect"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with historical senses",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "in ancient China, the fifth of fourteen ranks for imperial ladies-in-waiting"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fifth",
          "fifth"
        ],
        [
          "imperial",
          "imperial"
        ],
        [
          "ladies-in-waiting",
          "lady-in-waiting"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) in ancient China, the fifth of fourteen ranks for imperial ladies-in-waiting"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a euphemism for a rainbow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "euphemism",
          "euphemism"
        ],
        [
          "rainbow",
          "rainbow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) a euphemism for a rainbow"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "びじん"
    },
    {
      "other": "びじん"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[bʲiʑĩɴ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kajin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美女",
          "びじょ"
        ],
        [
          "佳人",
          "かじん"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "beautiful woman",
      "word": "美女、佳人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bidanshi",
      "sense": "handsome man",
      "word": "美男子"
    },
    {
      "roman": "binan",
      "sense": "handsome man",
      "word": "美男"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Meiji period"
  ],
  "word": "美人"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with rendaku",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "ja:Appearance",
    "ja:Female people"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "良い"
      },
      "expansion": "良い",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "顔",
        "3": "良",
        "4": "人",
        "pos2": "the stem of adjective <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">良い</i> yoi, “good”",
        "sort": "かおよびと",
        "t1": "face",
        "t2": "good",
        "t3": "person",
        "tr1": "kao",
        "tr2": "yo",
        "tr3": "hito"
      },
      "expansion": "顔 (kao, “face”) + 良 (yo, “good”, the stem of adjective 良い yoi, “good”) + 人 (hito, “person”)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "連濁"
      },
      "expansion": "連濁",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hito",
        "2": "bito",
        "sort": "かおよびと"
      },
      "expansion": "The hito changes to bito as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
      "name": "rendaku2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "美"
      },
      "expansion": "美",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 顔 (kao, “face”) + 良 (yo, “good”, the stem of adjective 良い yoi, “good”) + 人 (hito, “person”). The hito changes to bito as an instance of rendaku (連濁).\nThe 美 kanji spelling for the kaoyo portion of the reading is an example of jukujikun.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "美人",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美",
          "かおよ"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "びと"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaoyobito",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kafoyobito",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "かほよびと",
      "roman": "kafoyobito",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "かおよびと",
        "hhira": "かほよびと"
      },
      "expansion": "美(かおよ)人(びと) • (kaoyobito) ^(←かほよびと (kafoyobito)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with archaic senses",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a beautiful woman, a beauty, a belle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beautiful",
          "beautiful"
        ],
        [
          "woman",
          "woman"
        ],
        [
          "beauty",
          "beauty"
        ],
        [
          "belle",
          "belle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, possibly obsolete) a beautiful woman, a beauty, a belle"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "obsolete",
        "possibly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠o̞jo̞bʲito̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ja:大辞林",
    "ja:松村明"
  ],
  "word": "美人"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.