See 界 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 界 meaning in Japanese (7.9kB)
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 3 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"world"
],
"id": "en-界-ja-character-SG6kYiTR",
"links": [
[
"world",
"world"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-3-kanji",
"kanji"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 3 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"border"
],
"id": "en-界-ja-character-TxpV3kC8",
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-3-kanji",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "界"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "domain",
"roman": "domein",
"word": "ドメイン"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "phylum; mon",
"word": "門"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "class",
"roman": "kō",
"word": "綱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "order",
"roman": "moku",
"word": "目"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "family",
"roman": "ka",
"word": "科"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "genus",
"roman": "zoku",
"word": "属"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "species",
"roman": "shu",
"word": "種"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sekai",
"word": "世界: world"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "land"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "realm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kekkai",
"word": "結界: a cordoned off area"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "a barrier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "a boundary, a border, a limit",
"roman": "kyōkai",
"ruby": [
[
"境界",
"きょうかい"
]
],
"word": "境界"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "the material world",
"roman": "busshitsukai",
"ruby": [
[
"物質界",
"ぶっしつかい"
]
],
"word": "物質界"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "the spiritual world",
"roman": "seishinkai",
"ruby": [
[
"精神界",
"せいしんかい"
]
],
"word": "精神界"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "界",
"2": "boundary"
},
"expansion": "界 (MC keajH, “boundary”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "धातु",
"4": "",
"5": "layer, stratum"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit धातु (dhātu, “layer, stratum”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 界 (MC keajH, “boundary”).\nIn Buddhist contexts, derived from the Middle Chinese term used as a translation of Sanskrit धातु (dhātu, “layer, stratum”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "界",
"ruby": [
[
"界",
"かい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かい"
},
"expansion": "界(かい) • (kai)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"boundary"
],
"id": "en-界-ja-noun-kxU0wMFF",
"links": [
[
"boundary",
"boundary"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a bounded area or region"
],
"id": "en-界-ja-noun-CBPYUNZX",
"links": [
[
"bounded",
"bounded"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"region",
"region"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Used both as a standalone noun, and in compounds. Use in compounds is more common in this sense."
},
{
"english": "the natural world",
"roman": "shizen no kai, shizenkai",
"ruby": [
[
"自然",
"しぜん"
],
[
"界",
"かい"
],
[
"自然",
"しぜん"
],
[
"界",
"かい"
]
],
"text": "自然の界、自然界"
},
{
"english": "the art world",
"roman": "bijutsukai",
"ruby": [
[
"美術界",
"びじゅつかい"
]
],
"text": "美術界"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a bounded group of people, a society, a world as a social grouping, such as business, celebrities, or finance"
],
"id": "en-界-ja-noun-oCAYzVET",
"links": [
[
"bounded",
"bounded"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"society",
"society"
],
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"social",
"social"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the border edge of a thing"
],
"id": "en-界-ja-noun-6m8mfKFC",
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Buddhism",
"orig": "ja:Buddhism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the category of a thing"
],
"id": "en-界-ja-noun-DNYYdq10",
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"category",
"category"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) the category of a thing"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Buddhism",
"orig": "ja:Buddhism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the world or realm of a thing"
],
"id": "en-界-ja-noun-6WQsfXne",
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"realm",
"realm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) the world or realm of a thing"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 7 5 6 9 4 9 8 24 6 11 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 11 4 9 10 27 6 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 5 9 9 26 7 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 5 9 9 26 7 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 8 14 5 9 8 23 9 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 11 4 9 9 28 7 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lines drawn between the lines of a text, as on lined writing paper"
],
"id": "en-界-ja-noun-uk5hf13Z",
"links": [
[
"line",
"line"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lines drawn to lay out a draft of a piece of artwork: a sketch"
],
"id": "en-界-ja-noun-Gr1PpVL5",
"links": [
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"sketch",
"sketch"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Biology",
"orig": "ja:Biology",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Taxonomy",
"orig": "ja:Taxonomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Evolutionary theory",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "3 4 2 4 3 10 2 3 60 8",
"roman": "seibutsu no bunrui",
"sense": "Taxonomy",
"word": "生物分類"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a kingdom"
],
"id": "en-界-ja-noun-wwnABhFr",
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"kingdom",
"kingdom"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology, taxonomy) a kingdom"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "ja:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a stratum corresponding to a geologic age"
],
"id": "en-界-ja-noun-N1vbm-Lo",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"stratum",
"stratum"
],
[
"geologic",
"geologic"
],
[
"age",
"age"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) a stratum corresponding to a geologic age"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かい"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠i]"
}
],
"word": "界"
}
{
"categories": [
"Grade 3 kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading け",
"Japanese kanji with historical kun reading さかひ",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading かい",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading さかい",
"Japanese terms spelled with 界",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations"
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"world"
],
"links": [
[
"world",
"world"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-3-kanji",
"kanji"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"border"
],
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-3-kanji",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "界"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 界",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"roman": "seibutsu no bunrui",
"sense": "Taxonomy",
"word": "生物分類"
},
{
"english": "domain",
"roman": "domein",
"word": "ドメイン"
},
{
"english": "phylum; mon",
"word": "門"
},
{
"english": "class",
"roman": "kō",
"word": "綱"
},
{
"english": "order",
"roman": "moku",
"word": "目"
},
{
"english": "family",
"roman": "ka",
"word": "科"
},
{
"english": "genus",
"roman": "zoku",
"word": "属"
},
{
"english": "species",
"roman": "shu",
"word": "種"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "sekai",
"word": "世界: world"
},
{
"word": "land"
},
{
"word": "realm"
},
{
"roman": "kekkai",
"word": "結界: a cordoned off area"
},
{
"word": "a barrier"
},
{
"english": "a boundary, a border, a limit",
"roman": "kyōkai",
"ruby": [
[
"境界",
"きょうかい"
]
],
"word": "境界"
},
{
"english": "the material world",
"roman": "busshitsukai",
"ruby": [
[
"物質界",
"ぶっしつかい"
]
],
"word": "物質界"
},
{
"english": "the spiritual world",
"roman": "seishinkai",
"ruby": [
[
"精神界",
"せいしんかい"
]
],
"word": "精神界"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "界",
"2": "boundary"
},
"expansion": "界 (MC keajH, “boundary”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "धातु",
"4": "",
"5": "layer, stratum"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit धातु (dhātu, “layer, stratum”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 界 (MC keajH, “boundary”).\nIn Buddhist contexts, derived from the Middle Chinese term used as a translation of Sanskrit धातु (dhātu, “layer, stratum”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "界",
"ruby": [
[
"界",
"かい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かい"
},
"expansion": "界(かい) • (kai)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"boundary"
],
"links": [
[
"boundary",
"boundary"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a bounded area or region"
],
"links": [
[
"bounded",
"bounded"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"region",
"region"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Used both as a standalone noun, and in compounds. Use in compounds is more common in this sense."
},
{
"english": "the natural world",
"roman": "shizen no kai, shizenkai",
"ruby": [
[
"自然",
"しぜん"
],
[
"界",
"かい"
],
[
"自然",
"しぜん"
],
[
"界",
"かい"
]
],
"text": "自然の界、自然界"
},
{
"english": "the art world",
"roman": "bijutsukai",
"ruby": [
[
"美術界",
"びじゅつかい"
]
],
"text": "美術界"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a bounded group of people, a society, a world as a social grouping, such as business, celebrities, or finance"
],
"links": [
[
"bounded",
"bounded"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"society",
"society"
],
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"social",
"social"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the border edge of a thing"
],
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ja:Buddhism"
],
"glosses": [
"the category of a thing"
],
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"category",
"category"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) the category of a thing"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ja:Buddhism"
],
"glosses": [
"the world or realm of a thing"
],
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"realm",
"realm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) the world or realm of a thing"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lines drawn between the lines of a text, as on lined writing paper"
],
"links": [
[
"line",
"line"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lines drawn to lay out a draft of a piece of artwork: a sketch"
],
"links": [
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"sketch",
"sketch"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ja:Biology",
"ja:Taxonomy"
],
"glosses": [
"a kingdom"
],
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"kingdom",
"kingdom"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology, taxonomy) a kingdom"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ja:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"a stratum corresponding to a geologic age"
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"stratum",
"stratum"
],
[
"geologic",
"geologic"
],
[
"age",
"age"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) a stratum corresponding to a geologic age"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かい"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠i]"
}
],
"word": "界"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"境"
],
"word": "界"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"界"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "界",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "界/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"境\"], \"word\": \"界\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "界",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.