See 上下 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下ろす</i> orosu, “to lower something, to bring something down”",
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{
"args": {
"1": "あげおろし"
},
"expansion": "上(あげ)下(おろし) • (ageoroshi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to complain about [how someone] raises and lowers their chopsticks",
"roman": "hashi no ageoroshi ni mo monku o iu",
"ruby": [
[
"箸",
"はし"
],
[
"上",
"あ"
],
[
"下",
"お"
],
[
"文句",
"もんく"
],
[
"言",
"い"
]
],
"word": "箸の上げ下ろしにも文句を言う: → to be extremely fastidious and nitpicky"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"raising and lowering of something"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-Xdwcx11k",
"links": [
[
"raising",
"raising"
],
[
"lowering",
"lowering"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"loading and unloading (as of the cargo in a ship)"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-H4-Xah1H",
"links": [
[
"loading",
"loading"
],
[
"unloading",
"unloading"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weaving on a loom (from the way the warp is raised and lowered)"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-dcVieMS~",
"links": [
[
"weaving",
"weaving"
],
[
"loom",
"loom"
],
[
"warp",
"warp"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あげおろし"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ɡe̞o̞ɾo̞ɕi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上げ",
"3": "下だし",
"pos1": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">上げる</i> ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”",
"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下す</i> kudasu, “to put something down; to pass something through one's gut”",
"sort": "あげくだし",
"t1": "raising, lifting up",
"t2": "putting something down; passing something through one's gut",
"tr1": "age",
"tr2": "kudashi"
},
"expansion": "上げ (age, “raising, lifting up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上げる ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) + 下だし (kudashi, “putting something down; passing something through one's gut”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下す kudasu, “to put something down; to pass something through one's gut”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上げ (age, “raising, lifting up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上げる ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) + 下だし (kudashi, “putting something down; passing something through one's gut”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下す kudasu, “to put something down; to pass something through one's gut”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あげ"
],
[
"下",
"くだし"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "agekudashi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あげくだし"
},
"expansion": "上(あげ)下(くだし) • (agekudashi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 0 2 1 4 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 4 0 4 0 2 0 1 5 1 0 0 5 5 3 4 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 0 0 3 0 0 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 2 2 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 0 1 3 0 2 2 1 2 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 3 3 2 3 1 0 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bringing something back up and passing something → vomiting and having diarrhea"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-QQZEWlv~",
"links": [
[
"bringing something back up",
"bringing up"
],
[
"passing",
"passing"
],
[
"vomiting",
"vomiting"
],
[
"diarrhea",
"diarrhea"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あげくだし"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ɡe̞kɯ̟da̠ɕi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上げ",
"3": "下げ",
"pos1": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">上げる</i> ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”",
"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下げる</i> sageru, “to lower something, to hang something down”",
"sort": "あげさげ",
"t1": "raising, lifting up",
"t2": "lowering something, hanging something down",
"tr1": "age",
"tr2": "sage"
},
"expansion": "上げ (age, “raising, lifting up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上げる ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) + 下げ (sage, “lowering something, hanging something down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下げる sageru, “to lower something, to hang something down”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上げ (age, “raising, lifting up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上げる ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) + 下げ (sage, “lowering something, hanging something down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下げる sageru, “to lower something, to hang something down”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あげ"
],
[
"下",
"さげ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "agesage",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あげさげ"
},
"expansion": "上(あげ)下(さげ) • (agesage)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "to take [get] the ups and downs",
"roman": "agesage o toru",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あ"
],
[
"下",
"さ"
],
[
"取",
"と"
]
],
"word": "上げ下げを取る: → to match the rhythm of a partner in doing something"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"raising and lowering of something"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-Xdwcx11k1",
"links": [
[
"raising",
"raising"
],
[
"lowering",
"lowering"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the raising and lowering of prices"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-vVNTA9ZW",
"links": [
[
"raising",
"raising"
],
[
"lowering",
"lowering"
],
[
"price",
"price"
]
],
"qualifier": "more specifically",
"raw_glosses": [
"(more specifically) the raising and lowering of prices"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"praising and berating someone"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-LLVp8Oc8",
"links": [
[
"praising",
"praising"
],
[
"berating",
"berating"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"good times and bad times, thick and thin, ups and downs"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-RjbYtjWK",
"links": [
[
"good",
"good"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"thick and thin",
"thick and thin"
],
[
"ups and downs",
"ups and downs"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the start and finish of something (such as the process of setting a table for a meal, and then clearing up afterwards)"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-QFwRdsfo",
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"finish",
"finish"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the ebb and flow of the tides"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-JNtl-FJq",
"links": [
[
"ebb and flow",
"ebb and flow"
],
[
"tides",
"tides"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あげさげ"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ɡe̞sa̠ɡe̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上げ",
"3": "下げ",
"pos1": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">上げる</i> ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”",
"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下げる</i> sageru, “to lower something, to hang something down”",
"sort": "あげさげ",
"t1": "raising, lifting up",
"t2": "lowering something, hanging something down",
"tr1": "age",
"tr2": "sage"
},
"expansion": "上げ (age, “raising, lifting up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上げる ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) + 下げ (sage, “lowering something, hanging something down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下げる sageru, “to lower something, to hang something down”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上げ (age, “raising, lifting up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上げる ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) + 下げ (sage, “lowering something, hanging something down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下げる sageru, “to lower something, to hang something down”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下する",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あげ"
],
[
"下",
"さげ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "agesage suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "上下し",
"roman": "agesage shi",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あげ"
],
[
"下",
"さげ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "上下した",
"roman": "agesage shita",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あげ"
],
[
"下",
"さげ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to raise and lower something"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-verb-BUZDemBL",
"links": [
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to raise and lower prices"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-verb-prBcmpYC",
"links": [
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"price",
"price"
]
],
"qualifier": "more specifically",
"raw_glosses": [
"(more specifically) to raise and lower prices"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to praise and berate someone"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-verb-d7pyXnYL",
"links": [
[
"praise",
"praise"
],
[
"berate",
"berate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to start and finish something (such as the process of setting a table for a meal, and then clearing up afterwards)"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-verb-zdEEgr7k",
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"finish",
"finish"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 2 2 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 0 1 3 0 2 2 1 2 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 3 3 2 3 1 0 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to ebb and flow, such as the tides"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-verb-PAq~Ocul",
"links": [
[
"ebb and flow",
"ebb and flow"
],
[
"tides",
"tides"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あげさげ"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ɡe̞sa̠ɡe̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上",
"3": "下",
"sort": "うえした",
"t1": "up",
"t2": "down",
"tr1": "ue",
"tr2": "shita"
},
"expansion": "上 (ue, “up”) + 下 (shita, “down”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上 (ue, “up”) + 下 (shita, “down”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"うえ"
],
[
"下",
"した"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ueshita",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ufesita",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "うへした",
"roman": "ufesita",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "うえした",
"hhira": "うへした"
},
"expansion": "上(うえ)下(した) • (ueshita) ^(←うへした (ufesita)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "up and down accompaniment [music]",
"roman": "ueshita no aikata",
"word": "上下の合方: → a kind of music played during kabuki performances"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "where one person plays samisen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "another sings the low part"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "and another sings the high part"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"up and down, the upper and the lower"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-VHXejPvQ",
"links": [
[
"up",
"up"
],
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the nobility and the commoners"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-zxHH1M5D",
"links": [
[
"nobility",
"nobility"
],
[
"commoners",
"commoners"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"upper clothing (such as shirts and jackets) and lower clothing (such as trousers and socks)"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-tkZ7qu3v",
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"clothing",
"clothing"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in reference to western-style clothing) upper clothing (such as shirts and jackets) and lower clothing (such as trousers and socks)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in reference to western-style clothing"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"outerwear and underwear"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-SYGJPN5d",
"links": [
[
"outerwear",
"outerwear"
],
[
"underwear",
"underwear"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"upside-down"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-SguSxyc2",
"links": [
[
"upside-down",
"upside-down"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "6 0 0 0 93",
"roman": "sakasama",
"ruby": [
[
"逆様",
"さかさま"
]
],
"sense": "upside-down",
"word": "逆様"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "うえした"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟e̞ɕita̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"etymology_number": 7,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上",
"3": "下",
"sort": "かみしも",
"t1": "up, upper; first",
"t2": "down, lower; last",
"tr1": "kami",
"tr2": "shimo"
},
"expansion": "上 (kami, “up, upper; first”) + 下 (shimo, “down, lower; last”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上 (kami, “up, upper; first”) + 下 (shimo, “down, lower; last”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"かみ"
],
[
"下",
"しも"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kamishimo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かみしも"
},
"expansion": "上(かみ)下(しも) • (kamishimo)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the upper and the lower",
"upstream and downstream"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-fDExPHAo",
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"upstream",
"upstream"
],
[
"downstream",
"downstream"
]
],
"qualifier": "more specifically",
"raw_glosses": [
"the upper and the lower",
"(more specifically) upstream and downstream"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the upper and the lower",
"upstage and downstage"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-23xb7Emw",
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"upstage",
"upstage"
],
[
"downstage",
"downstage"
]
],
"qualifier": "more specifically",
"raw_glosses": [
"the upper and the lower",
"(more specifically) upstage and downstage"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the upper and the lower",
"high status and low status"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-xNazS6W9",
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"high",
"high"
],
[
"status",
"status"
],
[
"low",
"low"
]
],
"qualifier": "more specifically",
"raw_glosses": [
"the upper and the lower",
"(more specifically) high status and low status"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the upper and the lower",
"the city and the countryside"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-oZrE9zey",
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"countryside",
"countryside"
]
],
"qualifier": "more specifically",
"raw_glosses": [
"the upper and the lower",
"(more specifically) the city and the countryside"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 4 0 0 2 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 0 1 0 1 4 1 0 0 4 5 4 4 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 3 4 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 3 0 0 1 2 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 0 2 1 4 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 4 0 4 0 2 0 1 5 1 0 0 5 5 3 4 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 0 0 3 0 0 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the upper and the lower",
"the upper body and the lower body"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-5aMhfQ6o",
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"upper",
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[
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[
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],
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},
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],
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],
[
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],
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],
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}
],
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"name": "compound"
}
],
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},
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],
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{
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[
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]
},
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],
[
"falling",
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},
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],
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"exchange"
],
[
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[
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{
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],
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 2 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 0 2 1 1 5 1 0 0 5 5 3 4 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 3 1 0 0 3 0 1 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 2 1 3 2 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 1 1 0 1 4 1 1 0 4 5 3 4 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 4 5 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 0 1 3 0 1 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 0 2 1 1 5 1 0 0 5 4 3 4 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 3 1 0 0 3 0 1 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"up and down"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-s4Ihag521",
"links": [
[
"up",
"up"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 4 0 0 2 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 0 1 0 1 4 1 0 0 4 5 4 4 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 3 4 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 3 0 0 1 2 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 5 0 0 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 4 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 5 5 3 4 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 5 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 0 2 1 4 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 4 0 4 0 2 0 1 5 1 0 0 5 5 3 4 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 0 0 3 0 0 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 2 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 0 2 1 1 5 1 0 0 5 5 3 4 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 4 2 0 0 3 0 1 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 2 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 0 2 1 1 5 1 0 0 5 5 3 4 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 3 1 0 0 3 0 1 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 2 1 3 2 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 1 1 0 1 4 1 1 0 4 5 3 4 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 4 5 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 0 1 3 0 1 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 0 2 1 1 5 1 0 0 5 4 3 4 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 3 1 0 0 3 0 1 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"high grade and low grade"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-fEYpA8V8",
"links": [
[
"high",
"high"
],
[
"grade",
"grade"
],
[
"low",
"low"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 4 0 0 2 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 0 1 0 1 4 1 0 0 4 5 4 4 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 3 4 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 3 0 0 1 2 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the upper and lower houses of the Diet or parliament"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-cZw~orQn",
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"house",
"house"
],
[
"Diet",
"Diet"
],
[
"parliament",
"parliament"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ascending and descending, climbing up and climbing down"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-xXmI0wAy",
"links": [
[
"ascending",
"ascending"
],
[
"descending",
"descending"
],
[
"climbing",
"climbing"
],
[
"up",
"up"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "じょーか"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡ʑo̞ːka̠]"
}
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"etymology_number": 10,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しょうか"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/d͡ʑauka/ → /d͡ʑɔːka/ → /d͡ʑoːka/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 上下 (dzyangᴴ hæ^X, literally “up and down”). Compare modern Min Nan alternative reading chiūⁿ hā.\nA mixed reading, using the goon of jō and the kan'on of ka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下する",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "jōka suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "zyauka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "上下し",
"roman": "jōka shi",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "上下した",
"roman": "jōka shita",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 2 2 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 0 1 3 0 2 2 1 2 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 3 3 2 3 1 0 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to ascend and descend, to climb up and climb down"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-verb-4p3yGc-L",
"links": [
[
"ascend",
"ascend"
],
[
"descend",
"descend"
],
[
"climb",
"climb"
],
[
"up",
"up"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "じょーか"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡ʑo̞ːka̠]"
}
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "travelling to the city from the country and travelling to the country from the city",
"roman": "jōgekō",
"ruby": [
[
"上下向",
"じょうげこう"
]
],
"word": "上下向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "water and sewer pipe, water and sewer service",
"roman": "jōge suidō",
"ruby": [
[
"上下水道",
"じょうげすいどう"
]
],
"word": "上下水道"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "a kind of poetry game where either the first and last lines of a haiku are provided and the players must invent an appropriate middle line, or the first two kana are provided and the players must also use these as the last two kana, and invent an appropriate middle",
"roman": "jōgezuke",
"ruby": [
[
"上下付",
"じょうげづ"
],
[
"上下付",
"じょうげづけ"
]
],
"word": "上下付け, 上下付"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "vertical movement, such as during an earthquake",
"roman": "jōgedō",
"ruby": [
[
"上下動",
"じょうげどう"
]
],
"word": "上下動"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jōge niren jū",
"ruby": [
[
"上下二連銃",
"じょうげにれんじゅう"
]
],
"word": "上下二連銃: an over"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "jōge niren jū",
"ruby": [
[
"上下二連銃",
"じょうげにれんじゅう"
]
],
"word": "under shotgun"
}
],
"etymology_number": 11,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しょうか"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hak",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hakka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/d͡ʑauɡe/ → /d͡ʑɔːɡe/ → /d͡ʑoːɡe/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 上下 (dzyangᴴ hæ^X, literally “up and down”). Compare modern Cantonese reading soeng⁶ haa⁶, Hakka song-ha, or Min Nan alternative reading chiūⁿ hā.\nThe goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"下",
"げ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "jōge",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "zyauge",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "じやうげ",
"roman": "zyauge",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "じょうげ",
"hhira": "じやうげ"
},
"expansion": "上(じょう)下(げ) • (jōge) ^(←じやうげ (zyauge)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the high and the low, the upper and the lower"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-AlU-MCwp",
"links": [
[
"high",
"high"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Clothing",
"orig": "ja:Clothing",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a suit, a set of clothing consisting of garments for the upper and lower body"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-S~r2IzwS",
"links": [
[
"clothing",
"clothing#Noun"
],
[
"suit",
"suit"
],
[
"set",
"set"
],
[
"clothing",
"clothing"
],
[
"garment",
"garment"
],
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"body",
"body"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(clothing) a suit, a set of clothing consisting of garments for the upper and lower body"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"clothing",
"fashion",
"lifestyle",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rising and falling, ascent and descent"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-WClqKMT3",
"links": [
[
"rising",
"rising"
],
[
"falling",
"falling"
],
[
"ascent",
"ascent"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kifuku",
"ruby": [
[
"起伏",
"きふく"
]
],
"sense": "rise and fall",
"word": "起伏"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the city and the country (the city is considered “up”)"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-h1ln-BHe",
"links": [
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"country",
"country"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"north and south (north is considered “up”)"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-ZG2lmwpA",
"links": [
[
"north",
"north"
],
[
"south",
"south"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"volumes one and two of a two-volume book or other document"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-CRUE6CRi",
"links": [
[
"volume",
"volume"
],
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"document",
"document"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"roundtrip travel on a river, going both upstream and downstream"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-rXKUuU2e",
"links": [
[
"roundtrip",
"roundtrip"
],
[
"travel",
"travel"
],
[
"upstream",
"upstream"
],
[
"downstream",
"downstream"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"high rank and low rank"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-DRQaTbX-",
"links": [
[
"high",
"high"
],
[
"rank",
"rank"
],
[
"low",
"low"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the nobility and the commoners"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-zxHH1M5D1",
"links": [
[
"nobility",
"nobility"
],
[
"commoner",
"commoner"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "15 10 4 0 7 1 3 23 31 5 0 2",
"roman": "kisen",
"ruby": [
[
"貴賎",
"きせん"
]
],
"sense": "high and low in a rank, nobility and commoners",
"word": "貴賎"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the lord and the ministers"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-wdH5CcRP",
"links": [
[
"lord",
"lord"
],
[
"minister",
"minister"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the old and the young"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-xwuvdi70",
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"young",
"young"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
"roman": "rōshō",
"sense": "old and young",
"word": "老少"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
"roman": "chōyō",
"sense": "old and young",
"word": "長幼"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an exchange of words, a discussion, question and answer"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-R3TKg13K",
"links": [
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"discussion",
"discussion"
],
[
"question",
"question"
],
[
"answer",
"answer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "じょーげ"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡ʑo̞ːɡe̞]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "28 5 3 0 17 2 7 31 3 3 0 3",
"roman": "kōtei",
"ruby": [
[
"高低",
"こうてい"
]
],
"sense": "high and low",
"word": "高低"
}
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"etymology_number": 11,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しょうか"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hak",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hakka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/d͡ʑauɡe/ → /d͡ʑɔːɡe/ → /d͡ʑoːɡe/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 上下 (dzyangᴴ hæ^X, literally “up and down”). Compare modern Cantonese reading soeng⁶ haa⁶, Hakka song-ha, or Min Nan alternative reading chiūⁿ hā.\nThe goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下する",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"下",
"げ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "jōge suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "zyauge",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "上下し",
"roman": "jōge shi",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"下",
"げ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "上下した",
"roman": "jōge shita",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"下",
"げ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to rise and fall, to ascend and descend"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-verb-lJttFWP8",
"links": [
[
"rise",
"rise"
],
[
"fall",
"fall"
],
[
"ascend",
"ascend"
],
[
"descend",
"descend"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to travel roundtrip on a river, going both upstream and downstream"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-verb-9fHVyacg",
"links": [
[
"roundtrip",
"roundtrip"
],
[
"upstream",
"upstream"
],
[
"downstream",
"downstream"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to exchange words, to discuss, to question and answer"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-verb-8KwiXL9S",
"links": [
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"discuss",
"discuss"
],
[
"question",
"question"
],
[
"answer",
"answer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "じょーげ"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡ʑo̞ːɡe̞]"
}
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"etymology_number": 12,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上ぼり",
"3": "下り",
"pos1": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">上る</i> noboru, “to climb, to go up”",
"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下りる</i> oriru, “to descend, to go down”",
"sort": "のぼりおり",
"t1": "climbing, going up",
"t2": "descending, going down",
"tr1": "nobori",
"tr2": "ori"
},
"expansion": "上ぼり (nobori, “climbing, going up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上る noboru, “to climb, to go up”) + 下り (ori, “descending, going down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下りる oriru, “to descend, to go down”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上ぼり (nobori, “climbing, going up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上る noboru, “to climb, to go up”) + 下り (ori, “descending, going down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下りる oriru, “to descend, to go down”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"のぼり"
],
[
"下",
"おり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "noboriori",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "のぼりおり"
},
"expansion": "上(のぼり)下(おり) • (noboriori)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 2 2 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 0 1 3 0 2 2 1 2 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 3 3 2 3 1 0 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ascending and descending, climbing and coming back down (particularly as of a person or thing travelling or moving up and down, such as stairs or levels)"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-ZSz~wO6w",
"links": [
[
"ascending",
"ascending"
],
[
"descending",
"descending"
],
[
"climbing",
"climbing"
],
[
"coming",
"come"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
]
}
],
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{
"other": "のぼりおり"
},
{
"ipa": "[no̞bo̞ɾʲio̞ɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"etymology_number": 12,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上ぼり",
"3": "下り",
"pos1": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">上る</i> noboru, “to climb, to go up”",
"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下りる</i> oriru, “to descend, to go down”",
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"t1": "climbing, going up",
"t2": "descending, going down",
"tr1": "nobori",
"tr2": "ori"
},
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"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上ぼり (nobori, “climbing, going up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上る noboru, “to climb, to go up”) + 下り (ori, “descending, going down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下りる oriru, “to descend, to go down”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下する",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"のぼり"
],
[
"下",
"おり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "noboriori suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "上下し",
"roman": "noboriori shi",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"のぼり"
],
[
"下",
"おり"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
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"roman": "noboriori shita",
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[
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"のぼり"
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[
"下",
"おり"
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{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"to ascend and descend, to climb and come back down (particularly as of a person or thing travelling or moving up and down, such as stairs or levels)"
],
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"links": [
[
"ascend",
"ascend"
],
[
"descend",
"descend"
],
[
"climb",
"climb"
],
[
"come",
"come"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
]
}
],
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{
"other": "のぼりおり"
},
{
"ipa": "[no̞bo̞ɾʲio̞ɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"etymology_number": 13,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上ぼり",
"3": "下り",
"pos1": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">上る</i> noboru, “to climb, to go up”",
"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下る</i> kudaru, “to descend a path, to come down a path”",
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"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上ぼり (nobori, “climbing, going up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上る noboru, “to climb, to go up”) + 下り (kudari, “descending, coming down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下る kudaru, “to descend a path, to come down a path”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"のぼり"
],
[
"下",
"くだり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "noborikudari",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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},
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}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
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{
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{
"_dis": "0 0 0 4 0 0 2 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 0 1 0 1 4 1 0 0 4 5 4 4 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 3 4 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 3 0 0 1 2 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 5 0 0 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 4 0 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 5 5 3 4 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 5 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 0 2 1 4 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 4 0 4 0 2 0 1 5 1 0 0 5 5 3 4 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 0 0 3 0 0 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 2 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 0 2 1 1 5 1 0 0 5 5 3 4 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 4 2 0 0 3 0 1 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 2 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 0 2 1 1 5 1 0 0 5 5 3 4 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 3 1 0 0 3 0 1 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 3 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 0 3 1 1 3 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 3 3 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 2 1 3 2 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 1 1 0 1 4 1 1 0 4 5 3 4 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 4 5 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 0 1 3 0 1 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 0 2 1 1 5 1 0 0 5 4 3 4 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 3 1 0 0 3 0 1 1 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 2 2 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 0 1 3 0 2 2 1 2 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 3 3 2 3 1 0 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"climbing up and climbing down (particularly as of a person or path travelling or moving up and down, such as a road going uphill and downhill in the mountains)"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-B0IqF7Y6",
"links": [
[
"climbing",
"climbing"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"going upstream and downstream (such as on a river, or on a highway with “up” indicating towards a city)"
],
"id": "en-上下-ja-noun-fOSbLzPo",
"links": [
[
"going",
"going"
],
[
"upstream",
"upstream"
],
[
"downstream",
"downstream"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "のぼりくだり"
},
{
"other": "のぼりくだり"
},
{
"ipa": "[no̞bo̞ɾʲikɯ̟da̠ɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"etymology_number": 13,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上ぼり",
"3": "下り",
"pos1": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">上る</i> noboru, “to climb, to go up”",
"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下る</i> kudaru, “to descend a path, to come down a path”",
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"t1": "climbing, going up",
"t2": "descending, coming down",
"tr1": "nobori",
"tr2": "kudari"
},
"expansion": "上ぼり (nobori, “climbing, going up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上る noboru, “to climb, to go up”) + 下り (kudari, “descending, coming down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下る kudaru, “to descend a path, to come down a path”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上ぼり (nobori, “climbing, going up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上る noboru, “to climb, to go up”) + 下り (kudari, “descending, coming down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下る kudaru, “to descend a path, to come down a path”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下する",
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[
"上",
"のぼり"
],
[
"下",
"くだり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "上下し",
"roman": "noborikudari shi",
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[
"上",
"のぼり"
],
[
"下",
"くだり"
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],
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{
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[
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"くだり"
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]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
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"pos": "verb",
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{
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{
"_dis": "0 0 0 4 0 0 2 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 0 1 0 1 4 1 0 0 4 5 4 4 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 3 4 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 3 0 0 1 2 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 3 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 0 3 1 1 3 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 3 3 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
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],
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"climb"
]
]
},
{
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],
"id": "en-上下-ja-verb-s7xd9j6e",
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[
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"go"
],
[
"upstream",
"upstream"
],
[
"downstream",
"downstream"
]
]
}
],
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},
{
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},
{
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}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
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"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
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"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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{
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"2": "れん%よう%けい",
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},
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"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上がる",
"2": "あがる",
"3": "to rise, to go up",
"pos": ""
},
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"name": "ja-r"
},
{
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"2": "あがる",
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"nodot": "1"
},
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},
{
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"rom": "ren'yōkei"
},
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"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下りる",
"2": "おりる",
"3": "to descend, to go down",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "下(お)りる (oriru, “to descend, to go down”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下りる",
"2": "おりる",
"3": "to descend, to go down",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(お)りる (oriru, “to descend, to go down”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上がり",
"2": "あがり",
"3": "下り",
"4": "おり",
"pos1": "the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">ren'yōkei</span>, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">agaru</span>, “to rise, to go up”)",
"pos2": "the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">ren'yōkei</span>, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(お)りる (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">oriru</span>, “to descend, to go down”)",
"sort": "あがりおり",
"t1": "rising, going up",
"t2": "descending, going down"
},
"expansion": "上(あ)がり (agari, “rising, going up”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)) + 下(お)り (ori, “descending, going down”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(お)りる (oriru, “to descend, to go down”))",
"name": "ja-compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上(あ)がり (agari, “rising, going up”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)) + 下(お)り (ori, “descending, going down”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(お)りる (oriru, “to descend, to go down”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あがり"
],
[
"下",
"おり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "agariori",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あがりおり"
},
"expansion": "上(あがり)下(おり) • (agariori)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ascending and descending, ascent and descent"
],
"links": [
[
"ascending",
"ascending"
],
[
"descending",
"descending"
],
[
"ascent",
"ascent"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あがりおり"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ɡa̠ɾʲio̞ɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
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"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
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"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
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"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form",
"rom": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上がる",
"2": "あがる",
"3": "to rise, to go up",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上がる",
"2": "あがる",
"3": "to rise, to go up",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form",
"rom": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下りる",
"2": "おりる",
"3": "to descend, to go down",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "下(お)りる (oriru, “to descend, to go down”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下りる",
"2": "おりる",
"3": "to descend, to go down",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(お)りる (oriru, “to descend, to go down”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上がり",
"2": "あがり",
"3": "下り",
"4": "おり",
"pos1": "the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">ren'yōkei</span>, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">agaru</span>, “to rise, to go up”)",
"pos2": "the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">ren'yōkei</span>, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(お)りる (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">oriru</span>, “to descend, to go down”)",
"sort": "あがりおり",
"t1": "rising, going up",
"t2": "descending, going down"
},
"expansion": "上(あ)がり (agari, “rising, going up”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)) + 下(お)り (ori, “descending, going down”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(お)りる (oriru, “to descend, to go down”))",
"name": "ja-compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上(あ)がり (agari, “rising, going up”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)) + 下(お)り (ori, “descending, going down”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(お)りる (oriru, “to descend, to go down”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下する",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あがり"
],
[
"下",
"さがり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "agarisagari suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "上下し",
"roman": "agarisagari shi",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あがり"
],
[
"下",
"さがり"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "上下した",
"roman": "agarisagari shita",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あがり"
],
[
"下",
"さがり"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to ascend and descend, to go up and go down"
],
"links": [
[
"ascend",
"ascend"
],
[
"descend",
"descend"
],
[
"go",
"go"
],
[
"up",
"up"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あがりおり"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ɡa̠ɾʲio̞ɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form",
"rom": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上がる",
"2": "あがる",
"3": "to rise, to go up",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上がる",
"2": "あがる",
"3": "to rise, to go up",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form",
"rom": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下がる",
"2": "さがる",
"3": "to come down, to hang down",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "下(さ)がる (sagaru, “to come down, to hang down”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下がる",
"2": "さがる",
"3": "to come down, to hang down",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(さ)がる (sagaru, “to come down, to hang down”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上がり",
"2": "あがり",
"3": "下がり",
"4": "さがり",
"pos1": "the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">ren'yōkei</span>, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">agaru</span>, “to rise, to go up”)",
"pos2": "the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">ren'yōkei</span>, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(さ)がる (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">sagaru</span>, “to come down, to hang down”)",
"sort": "あがりさがり",
"t1": "rising, going up",
"t2": "coming down, hanging down"
},
"expansion": "上(あ)がり (agari, “rising, going up”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)) + 下(さ)がり (sagari, “coming down, hanging down”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(さ)がる (sagaru, “to come down, to hang down”))",
"name": "ja-compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上(あ)がり (agari, “rising, going up”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)) + 下(さ)がり (sagari, “coming down, hanging down”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(さ)がる (sagaru, “to come down, to hang down”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あがり"
],
[
"下",
"さがり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "agarisagari",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あがりさがり"
},
"expansion": "上(あがり)下(さがり) • (agarisagari)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"rise and fall, fluctuation (as a level of something, such as a price)"
],
"links": [
[
"rise",
"rise"
],
[
"fall",
"fall"
],
[
"fluctuation",
"fluctuation"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あがりさがり"
},
{
"other": "あがりさがり"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ɡa̠ɾʲisa̠ɡa̠ɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form",
"rom": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上がる",
"2": "あがる",
"3": "to rise, to go up",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上がる",
"2": "あがる",
"3": "to rise, to go up",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form",
"rom": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下がる",
"2": "さがる",
"3": "to come down, to hang down",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "下(さ)がる (sagaru, “to come down, to hang down”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下がる",
"2": "さがる",
"3": "to come down, to hang down",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(さ)がる (sagaru, “to come down, to hang down”)",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上がり",
"2": "あがり",
"3": "下がり",
"4": "さがり",
"pos1": "the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">ren'yōkei</span>, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">agaru</span>, “to rise, to go up”)",
"pos2": "the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">ren'yōkei</span>, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(さ)がる (<span class=\"mention-tr tr\">sagaru</span>, “to come down, to hang down”)",
"sort": "あがりさがり",
"t1": "rising, going up",
"t2": "coming down, hanging down"
},
"expansion": "上(あ)がり (agari, “rising, going up”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)) + 下(さ)がり (sagari, “coming down, hanging down”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(さ)がる (sagaru, “to come down, to hang down”))",
"name": "ja-compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上(あ)がり (agari, “rising, going up”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 上(あ)がる (agaru, “to rise, to go up”)) + 下(さ)がり (sagari, “coming down, hanging down”, the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(さ)がる (sagaru, “to come down, to hang down”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下する",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あがり"
],
[
"下",
"さがり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "agarisagari suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "上下し",
"roman": "agarisagari shi",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あがり"
],
[
"下",
"さがり"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "上下した",
"roman": "agarisagari shita",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あがり"
],
[
"下",
"さがり"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to rise and fall, to fluctuate (as a level of something, such as a price)"
],
"links": [
[
"rise",
"rise"
],
[
"fall",
"fall"
],
[
"fluctuate",
"fluctuate"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あがりさがり"
},
{
"other": "あがりさがり"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ɡa̠ɾʲisa̠ɡa̠ɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上げ",
"3": "下ろし",
"pos1": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">上げる</i> ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”",
"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下ろす</i> orosu, “to lower something, to bring something down”",
"sort": "あげおろし",
"t1": "raising, lifting up",
"t2": "lowering, bringing down",
"tr1": "age",
"tr2": "oroshi"
},
"expansion": "上げ (age, “raising, lifting up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上げる ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) + 下ろし (oroshi, “lowering, bringing down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下ろす orosu, “to lower something, to bring something down”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上げ (age, “raising, lifting up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上げる ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) + 下ろし (oroshi, “lowering, bringing down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下ろす orosu, “to lower something, to bring something down”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あげ"
],
[
"下",
"おろし"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ageoroshi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あげおろし"
},
"expansion": "上(あげ)下(おろし) • (ageoroshi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to complain about [how someone] raises and lowers their chopsticks",
"roman": "hashi no ageoroshi ni mo monku o iu",
"ruby": [
[
"箸",
"はし"
],
[
"上",
"あ"
],
[
"下",
"お"
],
[
"文句",
"もんく"
],
[
"言",
"い"
]
],
"word": "箸の上げ下ろしにも文句を言う: → to be extremely fastidious and nitpicky"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"raising and lowering of something"
],
"links": [
[
"raising",
"raising"
],
[
"lowering",
"lowering"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"loading and unloading (as of the cargo in a ship)"
],
"links": [
[
"loading",
"loading"
],
[
"unloading",
"unloading"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weaving on a loom (from the way the warp is raised and lowered)"
],
"links": [
[
"weaving",
"weaving"
],
[
"loom",
"loom"
],
[
"warp",
"warp"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あげおろし"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ɡe̞o̞ɾo̞ɕi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin"
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上げ",
"3": "下だし",
"pos1": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">上げる</i> ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”",
"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下す</i> kudasu, “to put something down; to pass something through one's gut”",
"sort": "あげくだし",
"t1": "raising, lifting up",
"t2": "putting something down; passing something through one's gut",
"tr1": "age",
"tr2": "kudashi"
},
"expansion": "上げ (age, “raising, lifting up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上げる ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) + 下だし (kudashi, “putting something down; passing something through one's gut”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下す kudasu, “to put something down; to pass something through one's gut”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上げ (age, “raising, lifting up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上げる ageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) + 下だし (kudashi, “putting something down; passing something through one's gut”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下す kudasu, “to put something down; to pass something through one's gut”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"あげ"
],
[
"下",
"くだし"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "agekudashi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あげくだし"
},
"expansion": "上(あげ)下(くだし) • (agekudashi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bringing something back up and passing something → vomiting and having diarrhea"
],
"links": [
[
"bringing something back up",
"bringing up"
],
[
"passing",
"passing"
],
[
"vomiting",
"vomiting"
],
[
"diarrhea",
"diarrhea"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あげくだし"
},
{
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上り (kari, “rising in tone”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上る karu, “to rise in tone”) + 下り (meri, “falling in tone”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下る meru, “to fall in tone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"かり"
],
[
"下",
"めり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "karimeri",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かりめり"
},
"expansion": "上(かり)下(めり) • (karimeri)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"a rise in tone and a fall in tone"
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"rise",
"rise"
],
[
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"tone"
],
[
"fall",
"fall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) a rise in tone and a fall in tone"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かりめり"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɾʲime̞ɾʲi]"
}
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
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"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
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"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 8,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上り",
"3": "下り",
"pos1": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">上る</i> karu, “to rise in tone”",
"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下る</i> meru, “to fall in tone”",
"sort": "かりめり",
"t1": "rising in tone",
"t2": "falling in tone",
"tr1": "kari",
"tr2": "meri"
},
"expansion": "上り (kari, “rising in tone”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上る karu, “to rise in tone”) + 下り (meri, “falling in tone”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下る meru, “to fall in tone”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上り (kari, “rising in tone”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上る karu, “to rise in tone”) + 下り (meri, “falling in tone”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下る meru, “to fall in tone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下する",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"かり"
],
[
"下",
"めり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "karimeri suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "上下し",
"roman": "karimeri shi",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"かり"
],
[
"下",
"めり"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "上下した",
"roman": "karimeri shita",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"かり"
],
[
"下",
"めり"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"to rise and fall in tone"
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"rise",
"rise"
],
[
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"fall"
],
[
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"tone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) to rise and fall in tone"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かりめり"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɾʲime̞ɾʲi]"
}
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 9,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しょうか"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hak",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hakka",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/ɕauka/ → /ɕɔːka/ → /ɕoːka/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 上下 (dzyangᴴ hæ^X, literally “up and down”). Compare modern Cantonese reading soeng⁶ haa⁶ or Hakka song-ha.\nThe kan'on, so likely a later borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"しょう"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shōka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "syauka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "しやうか",
"roman": "syauka",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しょうか",
"hhira": "しやうか"
},
"expansion": "上(しょう)下(か) • (shōka) ^(←しやうか (syauka)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"up and down"
],
"links": [
[
"up",
"up"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the upper and the lower (especially, the rulers and the ruled)"
],
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rising and falling"
],
"links": [
[
"rising",
"rising"
],
[
"falling",
"falling"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an exchange of opinions"
],
"links": [
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しょーか"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕo̞ːka̠]"
}
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 9,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
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},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "hak",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hakka",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/ɕauka/ → /ɕɔːka/ → /ɕoːka/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 上下 (dzyangᴴ hæ^X, literally “up and down”). Compare modern Cantonese reading soeng⁶ haa⁶ or Hakka song-ha.\nThe kan'on, so likely a later borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下する",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"しょう"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shōka suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "syauka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "上下し",
"roman": "shōka shi",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"しょう"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "上下した",
"roman": "shōka shita",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"しょう"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to rise and fall"
],
"links": [
[
"rise",
"rise"
],
[
"fall",
"fall"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to exchange opinions"
],
"links": [
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しょーか"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕo̞ːka̠]"
}
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 10,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
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},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/d͡ʑauka/ → /d͡ʑɔːka/ → /d͡ʑoːka/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 上下 (dzyangᴴ hæ^X, literally “up and down”). Compare modern Min Nan alternative reading chiūⁿ hā.\nA mixed reading, using the goon of jō and the kan'on of ka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
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"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"romanization"
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},
{
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"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "じやうか",
"roman": "zyauka",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"hhira": "じやうか"
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"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"up and down"
],
"links": [
[
"up",
"up"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"high grade and low grade"
],
"links": [
[
"high",
"high"
],
[
"grade",
"grade"
],
[
"low",
"low"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the upper and lower houses of the Diet or parliament"
],
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"house",
"house"
],
[
"Diet",
"Diet"
],
[
"parliament",
"parliament"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ascending and descending, climbing up and climbing down"
],
"links": [
[
"ascending",
"ascending"
],
[
"descending",
"descending"
],
[
"climbing",
"climbing"
],
[
"up",
"up"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "じょーか"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡ʑo̞ːka̠]"
}
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 10,
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しょうか"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/d͡ʑauka/ → /d͡ʑɔːka/ → /d͡ʑoːka/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 上下 (dzyangᴴ hæ^X, literally “up and down”). Compare modern Min Nan alternative reading chiūⁿ hā.\nA mixed reading, using the goon of jō and the kan'on of ka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下する",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "jōka suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "zyauka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "上下し",
"roman": "jōka shi",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
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"か"
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],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
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"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"下",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to ascend and descend, to climb up and climb down"
],
"links": [
[
"ascend",
"ascend"
],
[
"descend",
"descend"
],
[
"climb",
"climb"
],
[
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"up"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "じょーか"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡ʑo̞ːka̠]"
}
],
"word": "上下"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "travelling to the city from the country and travelling to the country from the city",
"roman": "jōgekō",
"ruby": [
[
"上下向",
"じょうげこう"
]
],
"word": "上下向"
},
{
"english": "water and sewer pipe, water and sewer service",
"roman": "jōge suidō",
"ruby": [
[
"上下水道",
"じょうげすいどう"
]
],
"word": "上下水道"
},
{
"english": "a kind of poetry game where either the first and last lines of a haiku are provided and the players must invent an appropriate middle line, or the first two kana are provided and the players must also use these as the last two kana, and invent an appropriate middle",
"roman": "jōgezuke",
"ruby": [
[
"上下付",
"じょうげづ"
],
[
"上下付",
"じょうげづけ"
]
],
"word": "上下付け, 上下付"
},
{
"english": "vertical movement, such as during an earthquake",
"roman": "jōgedō",
"ruby": [
[
"上下動",
"じょうげどう"
]
],
"word": "上下動"
},
{
"roman": "jōge niren jū",
"ruby": [
[
"上下二連銃",
"じょうげにれんじゅう"
]
],
"word": "上下二連銃: an over"
},
{
"alt": "jōge niren jū",
"ruby": [
[
"上下二連銃",
"じょうげにれんじゅう"
]
],
"word": "under shotgun"
}
],
"etymology_number": 11,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しょうか"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
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},
{
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},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/d͡ʑauɡe/ → /d͡ʑɔːɡe/ → /d͡ʑoːɡe/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 上下 (dzyangᴴ hæ^X, literally “up and down”). Compare modern Cantonese reading soeng⁶ haa⁶, Hakka song-ha, or Min Nan alternative reading chiūⁿ hā.\nThe goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "上下",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"下",
"げ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "jōge",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "zyauge",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "じやうげ",
"roman": "zyauge",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"hhira": "じやうげ"
},
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"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the high and the low, the upper and the lower"
],
"links": [
[
"high",
"high"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Clothing"
],
"glosses": [
"a suit, a set of clothing consisting of garments for the upper and lower body"
],
"links": [
[
"clothing",
"clothing#Noun"
],
[
"suit",
"suit"
],
[
"set",
"set"
],
[
"clothing",
"clothing"
],
[
"garment",
"garment"
],
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"body",
"body"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(clothing) a suit, a set of clothing consisting of garments for the upper and lower body"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"clothing",
"fashion",
"lifestyle",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rising and falling, ascent and descent"
],
"links": [
[
"rising",
"rising"
],
[
"falling",
"falling"
],
[
"ascent",
"ascent"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the city and the country (the city is considered “up”)"
],
"links": [
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"country",
"country"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"north and south (north is considered “up”)"
],
"links": [
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"north",
"north"
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"south",
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
"volumes one and two of a two-volume book or other document"
],
"links": [
[
"volume",
"volume"
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"book",
"book"
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[
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"document"
]
]
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"glosses": [
"roundtrip travel on a river, going both upstream and downstream"
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"travel",
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],
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"upstream",
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"glosses": [
"high rank and low rank"
],
"links": [
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"high",
"high"
],
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"rank",
"rank"
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[
"low",
"low"
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},
{
"glosses": [
"the nobility and the commoners"
],
"links": [
[
"nobility",
"nobility"
],
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"commoner",
"commoner"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the lord and the ministers"
],
"links": [
[
"lord",
"lord"
],
[
"minister",
"minister"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the old and the young"
],
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
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"young",
"young"
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
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"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
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"discussion",
"discussion"
],
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"question",
"question"
],
[
"answer",
"answer"
]
]
}
],
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"ipa": "[d͡ʑo̞ːɡe̞]"
}
],
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"高低",
"こうてい"
]
],
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"貴賎",
"きせん"
]
],
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"word": "貴賎"
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"起伏",
"きふく"
]
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"roman": "rōshō",
"sense": "old and young",
"word": "老少"
},
{
"roman": "chōyō",
"sense": "old and young",
"word": "長幼"
}
],
"word": "上下"
}
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"etymology_text": "/d͡ʑauɡe/ → /d͡ʑɔːɡe/ → /d͡ʑoːɡe/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 上下 (dzyangᴴ hæ^X, literally “up and down”). Compare modern Cantonese reading soeng⁶ haa⁶, Hakka song-ha, or Min Nan alternative reading chiūⁿ hā.\nThe goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.",
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{
"ipa": "[d͡ʑo̞ːɡe̞]"
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],
"word": "上下"
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"pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下りる</i> oriru, “to descend, to go down”",
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"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 上ぼり (nobori, “climbing, going up”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 上る noboru, “to climb, to go up”) + 下り (ori, “descending, going down”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下りる oriru, “to descend, to go down”).",
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],
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],
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}
Download raw JSONL data for 上下 meaning in Japanese (70.2kB)
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"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "上下",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"上下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "上下",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"上下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "上下",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"上下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "上下",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"上下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "上下",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"上下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "上下",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"上下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "上下",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"上下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "上下",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"上下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "上下",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"上下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "上下",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"上下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "上下",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"上下"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "上下",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.