See Birne in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Abbruchbirne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Abrissbirne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "birnenförmig"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Birnenkompott"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Birnenmus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Birnensaft"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Birnenschnaps"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Birnensorte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Butterbirne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Erdbirne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Glühbirne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Grundbirne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Kochbirne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Leuchtbirne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Saftbirne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Tafelbirne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Williamsbirne"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pirn"
},
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "birna"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": ":der",
"3": "gmh:bire<ety:inh<goh:bira>>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pirum\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"pira\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"bira\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"bire\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Birne\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" }\" data-lang=\"de\" data-title=\"Birne\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "bire"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bire",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "bira"
},
"expansion": "Old High German bira",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la-vul",
"3": "pira"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin pira",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "pirum"
},
"expansion": "Latin pirum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Bire"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German Bire",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ре́па"
},
"expansion": "Russian ре́па (répa)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "zucca"
},
"expansion": "Italian zucca",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "knopp"
},
"expansion": "Swedish knopp",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German bire, bir, from Old High German bira, pira, from Vulgar Latin pira, reanalysis of the plural of Latin pirum. Early Modern German birn is from the Middle High German plural and dative/genitive singular, whence a double plural birnen was formed. The contemporary Birne is a new backformation from this plural (perhaps influenced also by the older, still dialectal form bire). Thus, between Latin and modern German, the word was reformed on the basis of the plural three times. Cognate with Alemannic German Bire.\nFor the sense of \"head\", compare typologically Rübe, Russian ре́па (répa), ты́ква (týkva), коча́н (kočán), Italian zucca, Swedish knopp.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Birne",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Birnen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Birnchen",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Birne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Birnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Birne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Birnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Birne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Birnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Birne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Birnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"dim": "chen"
},
"expansion": "Birne f (genitive Birne, plural Birnen, diminutive Birnchen n)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Bir",
"ne"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 5 45",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Fruits",
"orig": "de:Fruits",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 2 43",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Pome fruits",
"orig": "de:Pome fruits",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pear"
],
"id": "en-Birne-de-noun-l8--h1Ma",
"links": [
[
"pear",
"pear"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lightbulb"
],
"id": "en-Birne-de-noun-vu2c2WE-",
"links": [
[
"lightbulb",
"lightbulb"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 16 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 7 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 12 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 12 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 7 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 86",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "de:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Anatomy"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 5 45",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Fruits",
"orig": "de:Fruits",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 16 51",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Light sources",
"orig": "de:Light sources",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head, bonce, noggin"
],
"id": "en-Birne-de-noun-BKiyhO-Z",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"bonce",
"bonce"
],
[
"noggin",
"noggin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) head, bonce, noggin"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Rübe"
},
{
"word": "Schädel"
},
{
"word": "Dötz"
},
{
"word": "Dez"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪrnə/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbɪɐ̯nə]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbɪʁnə]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbɪrnə]",
"tags": [
"Germany"
]
},
{
"audio": "De-Birne.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/De-Birne.ogg/De-Birne.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/De-Birne.ogg",
"tags": [
"Germany",
"Berlin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈb̥irnɛ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈb̥iʁnɛ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈb̥iɐ̯nɛ]",
"tags": [
"Austria",
"Southern-Germany",
"Switzerland"
]
},
{
"audio": "De-at-Birne.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/De-at-Birne.ogg/De-at-Birne.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/De-at-Birne.ogg",
"tags": [
"Austria"
]
}
],
"word": "Birne"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with etymon",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German feminine nouns",
"German lemmas",
"German nouns",
"German terms derived from Latin",
"German terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Old High German",
"German terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"de:Body parts",
"de:Fruits",
"de:Light sources",
"de:Pome fruits"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Abbruchbirne"
},
{
"word": "Abrissbirne"
},
{
"word": "birnenförmig"
},
{
"word": "Birnenkompott"
},
{
"word": "Birnenmus"
},
{
"word": "Birnensaft"
},
{
"word": "Birnenschnaps"
},
{
"word": "Birnensorte"
},
{
"word": "Butterbirne"
},
{
"word": "Erdbirne"
},
{
"word": "Glühbirne"
},
{
"word": "Grundbirne"
},
{
"word": "Kochbirne"
},
{
"word": "Leuchtbirne"
},
{
"word": "Saftbirne"
},
{
"word": "Tafelbirne"
},
{
"word": "Williamsbirne"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pirn"
},
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "birna"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": ":der",
"3": "gmh:bire<ety:inh<goh:bira>>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pirum\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"pira\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"bira\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"bire\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Birne\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" }\" data-lang=\"de\" data-title=\"Birne\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "bire"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bire",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "bira"
},
"expansion": "Old High German bira",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la-vul",
"3": "pira"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin pira",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "pirum"
},
"expansion": "Latin pirum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Bire"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German Bire",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ре́па"
},
"expansion": "Russian ре́па (répa)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "zucca"
},
"expansion": "Italian zucca",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "knopp"
},
"expansion": "Swedish knopp",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German bire, bir, from Old High German bira, pira, from Vulgar Latin pira, reanalysis of the plural of Latin pirum. Early Modern German birn is from the Middle High German plural and dative/genitive singular, whence a double plural birnen was formed. The contemporary Birne is a new backformation from this plural (perhaps influenced also by the older, still dialectal form bire). Thus, between Latin and modern German, the word was reformed on the basis of the plural three times. Cognate with Alemannic German Bire.\nFor the sense of \"head\", compare typologically Rübe, Russian ре́па (répa), ты́ква (týkva), коча́н (kočán), Italian zucca, Swedish knopp.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Birne",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Birnen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Birnchen",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Birne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Birnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Birne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Birnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Birne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Birnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Birne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Birnen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"dim": "chen"
},
"expansion": "Birne f (genitive Birne, plural Birnen, diminutive Birnchen n)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Bir",
"ne"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pear"
],
"links": [
[
"pear",
"pear"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lightbulb"
],
"links": [
[
"lightbulb",
"lightbulb"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"head, bonce, noggin"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"bonce",
"bonce"
],
[
"noggin",
"noggin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) head, bonce, noggin"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Rübe"
},
{
"word": "Schädel"
},
{
"word": "Dötz"
},
{
"word": "Dez"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɪrnə/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbɪɐ̯nə]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbɪʁnə]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbɪrnə]",
"tags": [
"Germany"
]
},
{
"audio": "De-Birne.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/De-Birne.ogg/De-Birne.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/De-Birne.ogg",
"tags": [
"Germany",
"Berlin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈb̥irnɛ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈb̥iʁnɛ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈb̥iɐ̯nɛ]",
"tags": [
"Austria",
"Southern-Germany",
"Switzerland"
]
},
{
"audio": "De-at-Birne.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/De-at-Birne.ogg/De-at-Birne.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/De-at-Birne.ogg",
"tags": [
"Austria"
]
}
],
"word": "Birne"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Birne meaning in German (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.