See wough in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wough",
"t": "wall"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wough (“wall”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wāh"
},
"expansion": "Old English wāh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*waig"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *waig",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waigaz",
"t": "wall, structure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waigaz (“wall, structure”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "wauch"
},
"expansion": "Scots wauch",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wough (“wall”), from Old English wāh, wāg, wǣg (“interior wall, separating structure”), from Proto-West Germanic *waig, from Proto-Germanic *waigaz (“wall, structure”). Cognate with Scots wauch, waw (“wall”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "woughs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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],
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "9 36 0 0 23 4 2 2 5 5 2 6 5",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 40 0 0 32 3 1 1 4 3 2 4 3",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Walls and fences",
"orig": "en:Walls and fences",
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"Buildings and structures",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
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}
],
"glosses": [
"A wall."
],
"id": "en-wough-en-noun-dmjHTPfv",
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, archaic or obsolete) A wall."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "waw"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "waugh"
},
{
"word": "wogh"
},
{
"word": "woghe"
},
{
"word": "wau"
},
{
"word": "waw"
},
{
"word": "woa"
},
{
"word": "woh"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
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"word": "wo"
}
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"word": "wough"
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{
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"head_templates": [
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"expansion": "wough",
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"lang_code": "en",
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"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "woof"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "70 30",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "en:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Gordon Casserly, The Jungle Girl:",
"text": "As it scrambled swiftly over the edge it caught sight of the elephant and with a deep \"wough!\" charged straight at it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1884, Theodore Roosevelt, Hunting the Grisly and Other Sketches:",
"text": "The trapper shouted and waved his cap; whereupon, to his amazement, the bear uttered a loud \"wough\" and charged straight down on him--only to fall a victim to misplaced boldness.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1863, Various, The Children's Garland from the Best Poets:",
"text": "Bough wough, The watch dogs bark, Bough wough, Hark, hark!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of woof"
],
"id": "en-wough-en-intj-KHKl8aQ3",
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"woof",
"woof#English"
]
],
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"word": "wough"
}
{
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},
{
"args": {
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},
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},
{
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},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *waig",
"name": "inh"
},
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waigaz (“wall, structure”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "wauch"
},
"expansion": "Scots wauch",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wough (“wall”), from Old English wāh, wāg, wǣg (“interior wall, separating structure”), from Proto-West Germanic *waig, from Proto-Germanic *waigaz (“wall, structure”). Cognate with Scots wauch, waw (“wall”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "woughs",
"tags": [
"plural"
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],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wough (plural woughs)",
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "waw"
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],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
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],
"glosses": [
"A wall."
],
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, archaic or obsolete) A wall."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "waugh"
},
{
"word": "wogh"
},
{
"word": "woghe"
},
{
"word": "wau"
},
{
"word": "waw"
},
{
"word": "woa"
},
{
"word": "woh"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "wo"
}
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"word": "wough"
}
{
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"Pages with 3 entries",
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"en:Walls and fences"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
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"expansion": "wough",
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "woof"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Gordon Casserly, The Jungle Girl:",
"text": "As it scrambled swiftly over the edge it caught sight of the elephant and with a deep \"wough!\" charged straight at it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1884, Theodore Roosevelt, Hunting the Grisly and Other Sketches:",
"text": "The trapper shouted and waved his cap; whereupon, to his amazement, the bear uttered a loud \"wough\" and charged straight down on him--only to fall a victim to misplaced boldness.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1863, Various, The Children's Garland from the Best Poets:",
"text": "Bough wough, The watch dogs bark, Bough wough, Hark, hark!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of woof"
],
"links": [
[
"woof",
"woof#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "wough"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wough meaning in English (3.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.