"vitrify" meaning in English

See vitrify in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈvɪt.ɹɪˌfaɪ/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vitrify.wav Forms: vitrifies [present, singular, third-person], vitrifying [participle, present], vitrified [participle, past], vitrified [past]
Etymology: From Middle French vitrifier, from Latin vitrum (“glass”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*wed-}}, {{der|en|frm|vitrifier}} Middle French vitrifier, {{der|en|la|vitrum||glass}} Latin vitrum (“glass”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} vitrify (third-person singular simple present vitrifies, present participle vitrifying, simple past and past participle vitrified)
  1. (transitive) To convert into glass or a glass-like substance by heat and fusion. Tags: transitive Synonyms (convert into glassy substance): glassify Translations (convert into glassy substance): остъклявам (ostǎkljavam) (Bulgarian), zeskelnatět (Czech), forglasse (Danish), υαλοποιώ (yalopoió) (Greek), vitrigar (Ido), gloinigh (Irish)
    Sense id: en-vitrify-en-verb-63mJhdRW Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 79 21 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 69 31 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 80 20 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 81 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 83 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 85 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 89 11 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 75 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 79 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 83 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 81 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 77 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 82 18 Disambiguation of 'convert into glassy substance': 86 14 Disambiguation of 'convert into glassy substance': 86 14
  2. (intransitive) To be converted into glass, especially through heat. Tags: intransitive Translations (to be made into glass): vitrifier (French), vitreskar (Ido), gloinigh (Irish), zeszklić (Polish), vitrificar (Spanish), vitrificarse (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-vitrify-en-verb-F~~cUHV0 Disambiguation of 'to be made into glass': 44 56
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: vitrification, vitrifaction, vitrifacture, vitreous

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wed-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "vitrifier"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French vitrifier",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "vitrum",
        "4": "",
        "5": "glass"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin vitrum (“glass”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French vitrifier, from Latin vitrum (“glass”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vitrifies",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vitrifying",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vitrified",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vitrified",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "vitrify (third-person singular simple present vitrifies, present participle vitrifying, simple past and past participle vitrified)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "vitrification"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "vitrifaction"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "vitrifacture"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "vitreous"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "79 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "69 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "80 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "81 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "83 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "85 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Danish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "75 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "79 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "83 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ido translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "81 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Irish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "77 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To convert into glass or a glass-like substance by heat and fusion."
      ],
      "id": "en-vitrify-en-verb-63mJhdRW",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To convert into glass or a glass-like substance by heat and fusion."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "86 14",
          "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
          "word": "glassify"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "86 14",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "ostǎkljavam",
          "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
          "word": "остъклявам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "86 14",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
          "word": "zeskelnatět"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "86 14",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
          "word": "forglasse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "86 14",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "yalopoió",
          "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
          "word": "υαλοποιώ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "86 14",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
          "word": "vitrigar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "86 14",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
          "word": "gloinigh"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1976, Dorothy Menzel, Pottery Style and Society in Ancient Peru: Art as a Mirror of History in the Ica Valley, 1350–1570, Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, →ISBN, page 30:",
          "text": "A large percentage of all Late Horizon fragments at this site was overfired, to the point where many were vitrified, black to dark brown, and misshapen, some with blistered surfaces.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1982 [1977], Angela Carter, The Passion of New Eve, London: Virago Press, →ISBN:",
          "text": "Her work was endless, she carried tubs and cauldrons and pails of heat-blasted sand, sand blasted into liquid glass, up the ladder that had vitrified where her bucket splashed, and tipped the liquid glass into the swimming pool, where, at the touch of the water, it turned into her huge, solid tears.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To be converted into glass, especially through heat."
      ],
      "id": "en-vitrify-en-verb-F~~cUHV0",
      "links": [
        [
          "glass",
          "glass"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To be converted into glass, especially through heat."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "44 56",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to be made into glass",
          "word": "vitrifier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "44 56",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "to be made into glass",
          "word": "vitreskar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "44 56",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "to be made into glass",
          "word": "gloinigh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "44 56",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to be made into glass",
          "word": "zeszklić"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "44 56",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to be made into glass",
          "word": "vitrificar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "44 56",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to be made into glass",
          "word": "vitrificarse"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvɪt.ɹɪˌfaɪ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vitrify.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitrify.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitrify.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitrify.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitrify.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "vitrify"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wed-",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wed-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "vitrifier"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French vitrifier",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "vitrum",
        "4": "",
        "5": "glass"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin vitrum (“glass”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French vitrifier, from Latin vitrum (“glass”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vitrifies",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vitrifying",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vitrified",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vitrified",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "vitrify (third-person singular simple present vitrifies, present participle vitrifying, simple past and past participle vitrified)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "vitrification"
    },
    {
      "word": "vitrifaction"
    },
    {
      "word": "vitrifacture"
    },
    {
      "word": "vitreous"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To convert into glass or a glass-like substance by heat and fusion."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To convert into glass or a glass-like substance by heat and fusion."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1976, Dorothy Menzel, Pottery Style and Society in Ancient Peru: Art as a Mirror of History in the Ica Valley, 1350–1570, Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, →ISBN, page 30:",
          "text": "A large percentage of all Late Horizon fragments at this site was overfired, to the point where many were vitrified, black to dark brown, and misshapen, some with blistered surfaces.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1982 [1977], Angela Carter, The Passion of New Eve, London: Virago Press, →ISBN:",
          "text": "Her work was endless, she carried tubs and cauldrons and pails of heat-blasted sand, sand blasted into liquid glass, up the ladder that had vitrified where her bucket splashed, and tipped the liquid glass into the swimming pool, where, at the touch of the water, it turned into her huge, solid tears.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To be converted into glass, especially through heat."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "glass",
          "glass"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To be converted into glass, especially through heat."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvɪt.ɹɪˌfaɪ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vitrify.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitrify.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitrify.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitrify.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitrify.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
      "word": "glassify"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "ostǎkljavam",
      "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
      "word": "остъклявам"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
      "word": "zeskelnatět"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
      "word": "forglasse"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "yalopoió",
      "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
      "word": "υαλοποιώ"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
      "word": "vitrigar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "convert into glassy substance",
      "word": "gloinigh"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to be made into glass",
      "word": "vitrifier"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "to be made into glass",
      "word": "vitreskar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "to be made into glass",
      "word": "gloinigh"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to be made into glass",
      "word": "zeszklić"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to be made into glass",
      "word": "vitrificar"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to be made into glass",
      "word": "vitrificarse"
    }
  ],
  "word": "vitrify"
}

Download raw JSONL data for vitrify meaning in English (4.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.