See thinking in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"ref": "2023 March 8, David Clough, “The long road that led to Beeching”, in RAIL, number 978, page 43:",
"text": "When BR \"back-checked\" (BR's term) the financial results of steam replacement across 49 schemes, where DMUs had been substituted on the London Midland Region, only one was now profitable. BR thinking on such substitutions referred to \"betterment\", not profit or loss.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A thought."
],
"links": [
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-thinking.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/En-us-thinking.ogg/En-us-thinking.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/En-us-thinking.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋkɪŋ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "mtacoġutʻyun",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"word": "մտածողություն"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "misǎl",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мисъл"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "razmišlenie",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "размишление"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "myšlení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "přemýšlení"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"word": "ajattelu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"word": "ajatteleminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"word": "miete"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"word": "mietintä"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pensamento"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"word": "opinión"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ansicht"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Denken"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "socnā",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"word": "सोचना"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "vicārnā",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"word": "विचारना"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "cintan",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "चिंतन"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "manan",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मनन"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "mislenje",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "мислење"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "vicār",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "विचार"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tenkning"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tenking"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "myšlenije",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "мышление"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "citta",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "चित्त"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pensamiento"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"word": "tanke"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"lang_code": "te",
"roman": "talacuṭa",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"word": "తలచుట"
},
{
"code": "xto",
"lang": "Tocharian A",
"lang_code": "xto",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"word": "mem"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"lang_code": "txb",
"sense": "thinking, thought",
"word": "maim"
}
],
"word": "thinking"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -ing",
"English verb forms",
"English verbal nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ɪŋ/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪŋkɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ɪŋkɪŋ/2 syllables",
"en:Thinking"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "thenkinge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English thenkinge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þenċende"
},
"expansion": "Old English þenċende",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þankijandz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þankijandz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "think",
"3": "ing"
},
"expansion": "think + -ing",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "denkend",
"t": "thinking"
},
"expansion": "Dutch denkend (“thinking”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "denkend",
"t": "thinking"
},
"expansion": "German denkend (“thinking”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tänkande",
"t": "thinking"
},
"expansion": "Swedish tänkande (“thinking”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English thenkinge, þinkynge, þenkynge, þenchinde, from Old English þenċende, from Proto-Germanic *þankijandz, present participle of *þankijaną (“to think”), equivalent to think + -ing. Cognate with Dutch denkend (“thinking”), German denkend (“thinking”), Swedish tänkande (“thinking”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "thinking",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"think",
"ing"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "big-sky thinking"
},
{
"word": "blue-sky thinking"
},
{
"word": "design thinking"
},
{
"word": "entrained thinking"
},
{
"word": "forward-thinking"
},
{
"word": "free-thinking"
},
{
"word": "good thinking"
},
{
"word": "hard of thinking"
},
{
"word": "lateral thinking"
},
{
"word": "magical thinking"
},
{
"word": "negativity thinking"
},
{
"word": "new political thinking"
},
{
"word": "new thinking"
},
{
"word": "not bear thinking about"
},
{
"word": "positive thinking"
},
{
"word": "right-thinking"
},
{
"word": "self-thinking"
},
{
"word": "thinking-cap"
},
{
"word": "thinking distance"
},
{
"word": "thinking machine"
},
{
"word": "thinking man's crumpet"
},
{
"word": "to one's way of thinking"
},
{
"word": "train of thinking"
},
{
"word": "tree thinking"
},
{
"word": "what was someone thinking"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
12
]
],
"text": "I'm thinking about inventing a new perpetual-motion machine.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
15
]
],
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "He was thinking; but the glory of the song, the swell from the great organ, the clustered lights, […], the height and vastness of this noble fane, its antiquity and its strength—all these things seemed to have their part as causes of the thrilling emotion that accompanied his thoughts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "think"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present participle and gerund of think"
],
"links": [
[
"think",
"think#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-thinking.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/En-us-thinking.ogg/En-us-thinking.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/En-us-thinking.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋkɪŋ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋ"
}
],
"word": "thinking"
}
Download raw JSONL data for thinking meaning in English (11.6kB)
{
"called_from": "page/2530",
"msg": "skipping string in the middle of translations: </table></div></div>\n\n",
"path": [
"thinking"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "thinking",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.