See spikenard in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Aralia racemosa",
"word": "American spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Aralia humilis",
"word": "Arizona spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Nardus stricta",
"word": "bastard spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cretan spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Valeriana phu",
"word": "Cretan spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Maianthemum racemosum",
"word": "false spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Aralia cordata",
"word": "Japanese spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ploughman's spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "now Pentanema conyzae",
"taxonomic": "Inula conyza",
"word": "plowman's spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Aralia racemosa",
"word": "small spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Asarum europaeum",
"word": "wild spikenard"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spikenard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spikenard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "spicanarde"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman spicanarde",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "spīca nardī"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin spīca nardī",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spica",
"3": "nardi",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "spike",
"t2": "nard"
},
"expansion": "spica (“spike”) + nardi (“nard”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spike",
"3": "nard"
},
"expansion": "spike + nard",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spikenard, spikenarde, from Anglo-Norman spicanarde, from Medieval Latin spīca nardī, from Latin spica (“spike”) + nardi (“nard”). Equivalent to spike + nard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spikenards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "spikenard (countable and uncountable, plural spikenards)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 17 14 18 14",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Asparagus family plants",
"orig": "en:Asparagus family plants",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Succulents",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Solomon 1:12:",
"text": "While the king sitteth at his table, my spikenard sendeth forth the smell thereof.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XXXII, page 51:",
"text": "All subtle thought, all curious fears,\nBorne down by gladness so complete,\nShe bows, she bathes the Saviour’s feet\nWith costly spikenard and with tears.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1916, James Joyce, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man:",
"text": "The glories of Mary held his soul captive : spikenard and myrrh and frankincense, symbolising the preciousness of God's gifts to her soul, rich garments, symbolising her royal lineage, her emblems, the lateflowering plant and lateblossoming tree, symbolising the agelong gradual growth of her cultus among men.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A perfumed ointment, extracted from the plant Nardostachys jatamansi that belongs to the Valerian family and grows in the Himalayas."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-en:oil_of_Nardostachys",
"links": [
[
"perfumed",
"perfumed"
],
[
"ointment",
"ointment"
],
[
"Nardostachys jatamansi",
"Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual"
],
[
"Valerian",
"Valerian"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:oil of Nardostachys"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nard"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "nardus"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nard"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "nardus",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jaṭāmāsī",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "जटामासी"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bālchaṛ",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बालछड़"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "narudo",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "ナルド"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nadeu",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "나드"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "nard"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nard",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нард"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "nalada",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "नलद"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 2 5 3 1 3 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "nardus"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 17 14 18 14",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Asparagus family plants",
"orig": "en:Asparagus family plants",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Succulents",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Solomon 4:12-14:",
"text": "A garden inclosed is my sister, my spouse; a spring shut up, a fountain sealed. Thy plants are an orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard, Spikenard and saffron; calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The plant Nardostachys jatamansi (syn. Nardostachys grandiflora)."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-xxSEA9x1",
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"Nardostachys jatamansi",
"Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nard",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нард"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espicanard"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gānsōng",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "甘松"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "匙葉甘松"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chíyè gānsōng",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "匙叶甘松"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "nardus"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nard"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jaṭāmāsī",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "जटामासी"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bālchaṛ",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बालछड़"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spigonardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "カンショウ"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gamsong",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "감송"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gamsongpul",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "감송풀"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "nard"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nard",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нард"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "nalada",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "नलद"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espicanardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 40 5 8 6 6 6",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "spang spos",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "སྤང་སྤོས"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Lavandula stoechas, another species used in antiquity to produce an aromatic oil."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-NzTwcO23",
"links": [
[
"Lavandula stoechas",
"Lavandula stoechas#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 12 39 10 9 10 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Lavandula stoechas",
"word": "tupsulaventeli"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 17 14 18 14",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Asparagus family plants",
"orig": "en:Asparagus family plants",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Succulents",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any plant of the genus Aralia of the Araliaceae family."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-TP5RDspm",
"links": [
[
"Aralia",
"Aralia#Translingual"
],
[
"Araliaceae",
"Araliaceae#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 8 6 59 6 8 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant of the genus Aralia",
"word": "aralia"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 6 59 6 8 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "arálija",
"sense": "plant of the genus Aralia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ара́лия"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 17 14 18 14",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Asparagus family plants",
"orig": "en:Asparagus family plants",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Succulents",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"False spikenard (Maianthemum racemosum, syn. Smilacina racemosa)"
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-4aTFKttw",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 11 6 10 45 9 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Maianthemum racemosum",
"word": "tertturotkokielo"
}
]
},
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 11 10 15 10 33 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 12 10 15 11 31 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 14 13 17 10 23 11",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Apiales order plants",
"orig": "en:Apiales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Spices and herbs",
"Lifeforms",
"Foods",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 17 14 18 14",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Asparagus family plants",
"orig": "en:Asparagus family plants",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Succulents",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 10 17 11 24 12",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Composites",
"orig": "en:Composites",
"parents": [
"Asterales order plants",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 17 10 24 11",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Honeysuckle family plants",
"orig": "en:Honeysuckle family plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 15 16 9 24 11",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mint family plants",
"orig": "en:Mint family plants",
"parents": [
"Lamiales order plants",
"Spices and herbs",
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Foods",
"Lifeforms",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 20 11 10 26 12",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Spices and herbs",
"orig": "en:Spices and herbs",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ploughman's spikenard (Inula conyza, now Pentanema conyzae)."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-gFG~PrNZ",
"links": [
[
"Ploughman's spikenard",
"ploughman's spikenard"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 1 96 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Inula conyza",
"word": "piennarhirvenjuuri"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 9 17 14 18 14",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Asparagus family plants",
"orig": "en:Asparagus family plants",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Succulents",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 15 9 15 12 16 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Piperales order plants",
"orig": "en:Piperales order plants",
"parents": [
"Magnoliids",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Wild spikenard (Asarum europaeum)."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-Or7iaHL1",
"links": [
[
"Asarum europaeum",
"Asarum europaeum#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 12 10 10 10 12 38",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Asarum europaeum",
"word": "taponlehti"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspaɪknɑː(ɹ)d/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪknɑːɹd/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪknæɹd/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪknəɹd/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"spikenard"
],
"word": "spikenard"
}
{
"categories": [
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Requests for review of Persian translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Sicilian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"en:Apiales order plants",
"en:Asparagus family plants",
"en:Composites",
"en:Honeysuckle family plants",
"en:Mint family plants",
"en:Piperales order plants",
"en:Spices and herbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Aralia racemosa",
"word": "American spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Aralia humilis",
"word": "Arizona spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Nardus stricta",
"word": "bastard spikenard"
},
{
"word": "cretan spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Valeriana phu",
"word": "Cretan spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Maianthemum racemosum",
"word": "false spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Aralia cordata",
"word": "Japanese spikenard"
},
{
"word": "ploughman's spikenard"
},
{
"english": "now Pentanema conyzae",
"taxonomic": "Inula conyza",
"word": "plowman's spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Aralia racemosa",
"word": "small spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Asarum europaeum",
"word": "wild spikenard"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spikenard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spikenard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "spicanarde"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman spicanarde",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "spīca nardī"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin spīca nardī",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spica",
"3": "nardi",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "spike",
"t2": "nard"
},
"expansion": "spica (“spike”) + nardi (“nard”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spike",
"3": "nard"
},
"expansion": "spike + nard",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spikenard, spikenarde, from Anglo-Norman spicanarde, from Medieval Latin spīca nardī, from Latin spica (“spike”) + nardi (“nard”). Equivalent to spike + nard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spikenards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "spikenard (countable and uncountable, plural spikenards)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Solomon 1:12:",
"text": "While the king sitteth at his table, my spikenard sendeth forth the smell thereof.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XXXII, page 51:",
"text": "All subtle thought, all curious fears,\nBorne down by gladness so complete,\nShe bows, she bathes the Saviour’s feet\nWith costly spikenard and with tears.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1916, James Joyce, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man:",
"text": "The glories of Mary held his soul captive : spikenard and myrrh and frankincense, symbolising the preciousness of God's gifts to her soul, rich garments, symbolising her royal lineage, her emblems, the lateflowering plant and lateblossoming tree, symbolising the agelong gradual growth of her cultus among men.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A perfumed ointment, extracted from the plant Nardostachys jatamansi that belongs to the Valerian family and grows in the Himalayas."
],
"links": [
[
"perfumed",
"perfumed"
],
[
"ointment",
"ointment"
],
[
"Nardostachys jatamansi",
"Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual"
],
[
"Valerian",
"Valerian"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:oil of Nardostachys"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Solomon 4:12-14:",
"text": "A garden inclosed is my sister, my spouse; a spring shut up, a fountain sealed. Thy plants are an orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard, Spikenard and saffron; calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The plant Nardostachys jatamansi (syn. Nardostachys grandiflora)."
],
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"Nardostachys jatamansi",
"Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Lavandula stoechas, another species used in antiquity to produce an aromatic oil."
],
"links": [
[
"Lavandula stoechas",
"Lavandula stoechas#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any plant of the genus Aralia of the Araliaceae family."
],
"links": [
[
"Aralia",
"Aralia#Translingual"
],
[
"Araliaceae",
"Araliaceae#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"False spikenard (Maianthemum racemosum, syn. Smilacina racemosa)"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"Ploughman's spikenard (Inula conyza, now Pentanema conyzae)."
],
"links": [
[
"Ploughman's spikenard",
"ploughman's spikenard"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa"
],
"glosses": [
"Wild spikenard (Asarum europaeum)."
],
"links": [
[
"Asarum europaeum",
"Asarum europaeum#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspaɪknɑː(ɹ)d/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪknɑːɹd/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪknæɹd/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪknəɹd/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nard"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "nardus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nard"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "nardus",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jaṭāmāsī",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "जटामासी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bālchaṛ",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बालछड़"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "narudo",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "ナルド"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nadeu",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "나드"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "nard"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nard",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нард"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "nalada",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "नलद"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "nardus"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nard",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нард"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espicanard"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gānsōng",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "甘松"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "匙葉甘松"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chíyè gānsōng",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "匙叶甘松"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "nardus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nard"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jaṭāmāsī",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "जटामासी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bālchaṛ",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बालछड़"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spigonardo"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "カンショウ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gamsong",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "감송"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gamsongpul",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "감송풀"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "nard"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "spikenard"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nard",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нард"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "nalada",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "नलद"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espicanardo"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "spang spos",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "སྤང་སྤོས"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Lavandula stoechas",
"word": "tupsulaventeli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant of the genus Aralia",
"word": "aralia"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "arálija",
"sense": "plant of the genus Aralia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ара́лия"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Maianthemum racemosum",
"word": "tertturotkokielo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Inula conyza",
"word": "piennarhirvenjuuri"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Asarum europaeum",
"word": "taponlehti"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"spikenard"
],
"word": "spikenard"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spikenard meaning in English (12.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.