See spikenard on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Aralia racemosa",
"word": "American spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Aralia humilis",
"word": "Arizona spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Nardus stricta",
"word": "bastard spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cretan spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Valeriana phu",
"word": "Cretan spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Maianthemum racemosum",
"word": "false spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Aralia cordata",
"word": "Japanese spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ploughman's spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "now Pentanema conyzae",
"taxonomic": "Inula conyza",
"word": "plowman's spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Aralia racemosa",
"word": "small spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Asarum europaeum",
"word": "wild spikenard"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spikenard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spikenard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "spicanarde"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman spicanarde",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "spīca nardī"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin spīca nardī",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spica",
"3": "nardi",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "spike",
"t2": "nard"
},
"expansion": "spica (“spike”) + nardi (“nard”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spike",
"3": "nard"
},
"expansion": "spike + nard",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spikenard, spikenarde, from Anglo-Norman spicanarde, from Medieval Latin spīca nardī, from Latin spica (“spike”) + nardi (“nard”). Equivalent to spike + nard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spikenards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "spikenard (countable and uncountable, plural spikenards)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 14 8 12 12 23 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 9 18 12 11 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Piperales order plants",
"orig": "en:Piperales order plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
40,
49
]
],
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Solomon 1:12:",
"text": "While the king sitteth at his table, my spikenard sendeth forth the smell thereof.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
129,
138
]
],
"ref": "1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto XXXII”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 51:",
"text": "All subtle thought, all curious fears,\nBorne down by gladness so complete,\nShe bows, she bathes the Saviour’s feet\nWith costly spikenard and with tears.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
44,
53
]
],
"ref": "1916, James Joyce, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man:",
"text": "The glories of Mary held his soul captive : spikenard and myrrh and frankincense, symbolising the preciousness of God's gifts to her soul, rich garments, symbolising her royal lineage, her emblems, the lateflowering plant and lateblossoming tree, symbolising the agelong gradual growth of her cultus among men.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A perfumed ointment, extracted from the plant Nardostachys jatamansi that belongs to the Valerian family and grows in the Himalayas."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-en:oil_of_Nardostachys",
"links": [
[
"perfumed",
"perfumed"
],
[
"ointment",
"ointment"
],
[
"Nardostachys jatamansi",
"Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual"
],
[
"Valerian",
"Valerian"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:oil of Nardostachys"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nard"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "nardus"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nard"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "nardus",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jaṭāmāsī",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "जटामासी"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bālchaṛ",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बालछड़"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "narudo",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "ナルド"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nadeu",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "나드"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "nard"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nard",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нард"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "nalada",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "नलद"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "88 2 3 1 2 3 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "nardus"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 14 8 12 12 23 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 9 18 12 11 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Piperales order plants",
"orig": "en:Piperales order plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
160,
169
],
[
171,
180
]
],
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Solomon 4:12-14:",
"text": "A garden inclosed is my sister, my spouse; a spring shut up, a fountain sealed. Thy plants are an orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard, Spikenard and saffron; calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The plant Nardostachys jatamansi (syn. Nardostachys grandiflora)."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-xxSEA9x1",
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"Nardostachys jatamansi",
"Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nard",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нард"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espicanard"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gānsōng",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "甘松"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chíyè gānsōng",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "匙葉甘松 /匙叶甘松"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "nardus"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nard"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jaṭāmāsī",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "जटामासी"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bālchaṛ",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बालछड़"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spigonardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "カンショウ"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gamsong",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "감송"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gamsongpul",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "감송풀"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "nard"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "spikenard"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nard",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нард"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "nalada",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "नलद"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espicanardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 41 5 8 6 5 6",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "spang spos",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "སྤང་སྤོས"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Lavandula stoechas, another species used in antiquity to produce an aromatic oil."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-NzTwcO23",
"links": [
[
"Lavandula stoechas",
"Lavandula stoechas#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 12 42 11 8 7 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Lavandula stoechas",
"word": "tupsulaventeli"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 11 5 61 2 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Apiales order plants",
"orig": "en:Apiales order plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 9 22 15 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Asparagus family plants",
"orig": "en:Asparagus family plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 14 8 33 6 12 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Honeysuckle family plants",
"orig": "en:Honeysuckle family plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 13 6 40 3 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mint family plants",
"orig": "en:Mint family plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 9 18 12 11 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Piperales order plants",
"orig": "en:Piperales order plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any plant of the genus Aralia of the Araliaceae family."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-TP5RDspm",
"links": [
[
"Aralia",
"Aralia#Translingual"
],
[
"Araliaceae",
"Araliaceae#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spignet"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 10 5 54 7 9 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant of the genus Aralia",
"word": "aralia"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 10 5 54 7 9 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "arálija",
"sense": "plant of the genus Aralia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ара́лия"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "13 15 9 18 12 11 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Piperales order plants",
"orig": "en:Piperales order plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"False spikenard (Maianthemum racemosum, syn. Smilacina racemosa)"
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-4aTFKttw",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 10 6 10 49 7 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Maianthemum racemosum",
"word": "tertturotkokielo"
}
]
},
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{
"_dis": "10 11 9 18 10 31 11",
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},
{
"_dis": "10 11 9 18 10 31 11",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "10 10 9 18 9 35 11",
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},
{
"_dis": "10 11 9 18 10 31 11",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "9 10 8 18 9 35 10",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "10 11 9 18 10 31 11",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 4 8 4 4 70 4",
"kind": "other",
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"name": "Composites",
"orig": "en:Composites",
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},
{
"_dis": "13 15 9 18 12 11 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Piperales order plants",
"orig": "en:Piperales order plants",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "11 12 9 14 11 30 13",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Ploughman's spikenard (Inula conyza, now Pentanema conyzae)."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-gFG~PrNZ",
"links": [
[
"Ploughman's spikenard",
"ploughman's spikenard"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
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{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 1 96 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Inula conyza",
"word": "piennarhirvenjuuri"
}
]
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"orig": "en:Piperales order plants",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Wild spikenard (Asarum europaeum)."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-en-noun-Or7iaHL1",
"links": [
[
"Asarum europaeum",
"Asarum europaeum#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
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{
"_dis1": "9 11 10 11 9 10 40",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Asarum europaeum",
"word": "taponlehti"
}
]
}
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{
"ipa": "/ˈspaɪknɑː(ɹ)d/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪknɑːɹd/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪknæɹd/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪknəɹd/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
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"spikenard"
],
"word": "spikenard"
}
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"2": "ML.",
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}
],
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{
"form": "spicenarde",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spikenarde",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spiknarde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spycanard",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spyconard",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spykanard",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spykenard",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spykenarde",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spykynard",
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"alternative"
]
}
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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"expansion": "spikenard",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "spikenard (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
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{
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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"orig": "enm:Herbs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "enm:Medicine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
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"Nard (Nardostachys jatamansi) or a similar plant."
],
"id": "en-spikenard-enm-noun-yAC9Kr8b",
"links": [
[
"Nard",
"nard"
],
[
"Nardostachys jatamansi",
"Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "narde"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspik(ə)nard/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspik(ə)ˌnard(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "spikenard"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
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"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
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"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Requests for review of Persian translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Sicilian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
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"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"en:Apiales order plants",
"en:Asparagus family plants",
"en:Composites",
"en:Honeysuckle family plants",
"en:Mint family plants",
"en:Piperales order plants",
"en:Spices and herbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Aralia racemosa",
"word": "American spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Aralia humilis",
"word": "Arizona spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Nardus stricta",
"word": "bastard spikenard"
},
{
"word": "cretan spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Valeriana phu",
"word": "Cretan spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Maianthemum racemosum",
"word": "false spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Aralia cordata",
"word": "Japanese spikenard"
},
{
"word": "ploughman's spikenard"
},
{
"english": "now Pentanema conyzae",
"taxonomic": "Inula conyza",
"word": "plowman's spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Aralia racemosa",
"word": "small spikenard"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Asarum europaeum",
"word": "wild spikenard"
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "spikenard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spikenard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "spicanarde"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman spicanarde",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "spīca nardī"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin spīca nardī",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spica",
"3": "nardi",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "spike",
"t2": "nard"
},
"expansion": "spica (“spike”) + nardi (“nard”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spike",
"3": "nard"
},
"expansion": "spike + nard",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spikenard, spikenarde, from Anglo-Norman spicanarde, from Medieval Latin spīca nardī, from Latin spica (“spike”) + nardi (“nard”). Equivalent to spike + nard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spikenards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
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"name": "en-noun"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
40,
49
]
],
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Solomon 1:12:",
"text": "While the king sitteth at his table, my spikenard sendeth forth the smell thereof.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
129,
138
]
],
"ref": "1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto XXXII”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 51:",
"text": "All subtle thought, all curious fears,\nBorne down by gladness so complete,\nShe bows, she bathes the Saviour’s feet\nWith costly spikenard and with tears.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
44,
53
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],
"ref": "1916, James Joyce, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man:",
"text": "The glories of Mary held his soul captive : spikenard and myrrh and frankincense, symbolising the preciousness of God's gifts to her soul, rich garments, symbolising her royal lineage, her emblems, the lateflowering plant and lateblossoming tree, symbolising the agelong gradual growth of her cultus among men.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A perfumed ointment, extracted from the plant Nardostachys jatamansi that belongs to the Valerian family and grows in the Himalayas."
],
"links": [
[
"perfumed",
"perfumed"
],
[
"ointment",
"ointment"
],
[
"Nardostachys jatamansi",
"Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual"
],
[
"Valerian",
"Valerian"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:oil of Nardostachys"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
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[
160,
169
],
[
171,
180
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],
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Solomon 4:12-14:",
"text": "A garden inclosed is my sister, my spouse; a spring shut up, a fountain sealed. Thy plants are an orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard, Spikenard and saffron; calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The plant Nardostachys jatamansi (syn. Nardostachys grandiflora)."
],
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"Nardostachys jatamansi",
"Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Lavandula stoechas, another species used in antiquity to produce an aromatic oil."
],
"links": [
[
"Lavandula stoechas",
"Lavandula stoechas#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any plant of the genus Aralia of the Araliaceae family."
],
"links": [
[
"Aralia",
"Aralia#Translingual"
],
[
"Araliaceae",
"Araliaceae#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spignet"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"False spikenard (Maianthemum racemosum, syn. Smilacina racemosa)"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"Ploughman's spikenard (Inula conyza, now Pentanema conyzae)."
],
"links": [
[
"Ploughman's spikenard",
"ploughman's spikenard"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa"
],
"glosses": [
"Wild spikenard (Asarum europaeum)."
],
"links": [
[
"Asarum europaeum",
"Asarum europaeum#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspaɪknɑː(ɹ)d/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪknɑːɹd/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪknæɹd/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪknəɹd/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nard"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "nardus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nard"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "nardus",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jaṭāmāsī",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "जटामासी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bālchaṛ",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बालछड़"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "narudo",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "ナルド"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nadeu",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "나드"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"word": "nard"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nard",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нард"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "nalada",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "नलद"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "perfumed ointment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "nardus"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nard",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нард"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espicanard"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gānsōng",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "甘松"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chíyè gānsōng",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "匙葉甘松 /匙叶甘松"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "nardus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nard"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "nárdos",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "νάρδος"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jaṭāmāsī",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "जटामासी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bālchaṛ",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बालछड़"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spigonardo"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "カンショウ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gamsong",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "감송"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gamsongpul",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "감송풀"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "nard"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "spikenard"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nardo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nard",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нард"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "nalada",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "नलद"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espicanardo"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "spang spos",
"sense": "The plant Nardostachys jatamansi",
"word": "སྤང་སྤོས"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Lavandula stoechas",
"word": "tupsulaventeli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant of the genus Aralia",
"word": "aralia"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "arálija",
"sense": "plant of the genus Aralia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ара́лия"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Maianthemum racemosum",
"word": "tertturotkokielo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Inula conyza",
"word": "piennarhirvenjuuri"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Asarum europaeum",
"word": "taponlehti"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"spikenard"
],
"word": "spikenard"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spikenard"
},
"expansion": "English: spikenard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: spikenard"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "spicanarde"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman spicanarde",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "spīca nardī"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin spīca nardī",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman spicanarde, from Medieval Latin spīca nardī.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spicenarde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spiconarde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spikenarde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spiknarde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spycanard",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spyconard",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spykanard",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spykenard",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spykenarde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spykynard",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "spikenard",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "spikenard (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Herbs",
"enm:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"Nard (Nardostachys jatamansi) or a similar plant."
],
"links": [
[
"Nard",
"nard"
],
[
"Nardostachys jatamansi",
"Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "narde"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspik(ə)nard/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspik(ə)ˌnard(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "spikenard"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spikenard meaning in All languages combined (14.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (a4e883e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.