See roughness in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-roughness.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-roughness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-roughness.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-roughness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-roughness.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɐf.nəs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɾəf.nes/",
"tags": [
"India"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"word": "ragkot"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "grapavost",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грапавост"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "grapavina",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"word": "грапавина"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "neravnost",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "неравност"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aspredat"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aspresa"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aspror"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hrubost"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"word": "ruwheid"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"word": "maltrankvileco"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rauheit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Grobheit"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "trakhútēs",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "τραχύτης"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "rūkhāpan",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "रूखापन"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "asperitās"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "raupjums"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "negludums"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"word": "rupjums"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rupjība"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chropowatość"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "asprime"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"word": "asperitate"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "šeroxovátostʹ",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шерохова́тость"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aspereza"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"note": "of manners or language",
"roman": "bayağılık",
"sense": "the property of being rough",
"word": "بیاغیلق"
}
],
"word": "roughness"
}
Download raw JSONL data for roughness meaning in English (8.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-11 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.