"reciprocity" meaning in English

See reciprocity in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˌrɛsəˈprɑsəti/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-reciprocity.wav Forms: reciprocities [plural]
Etymology: From French réciprocité. Etymology templates: {{der|en|fr|réciprocité}} French réciprocité Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} reciprocity (countable and uncountable, plural reciprocities)
  1. The characteristic of being reciprocal, e.g. of a relationship between people. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (the state or quality of being reciprocal): взаимност (vzaimnost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), reciprocitat [feminine] (Catalan), 对等 (duìděng) (Chinese Mandarin), reciprocita [feminine] (Czech), wederkerigheid [neuter] (Dutch), vastavuoroisuus (Finnish), réciprocité [feminine] (French), reciprocidade [feminine] (Galician), Gegenseitigkeit [feminine] (German), Reziprozität [feminine] (German), Umkehrbarkeit [feminine] (German), αμοιβαιότητα (amoivaiótita) [feminine] (Greek), הֲדָדִיּוּת (hadadiut) [feminine] (Hebrew), kesalingan (Indonesian), resiprositas (Indonesian), timbal balik (Indonesian), savitarpis [masculine] (Lithuanian), kesalingan (Malay), ketimbalbalikan (Malay), gjensidighet [feminine, masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), reciprocitate [feminine] (Romanian), взаи́мность (vzaímnostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), reciprocidad [feminine] (Spanish), rezip (Volapük)
    Sense id: en-reciprocity-en-noun-35jYC6xq Disambiguation of 'the state or quality of being reciprocal': 38 24 7 23 6 2
  2. A reciprocal relationship. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-reciprocity-en-noun-lJcUXNI5
  3. A relation of mutual dependence or action or influence. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-reciprocity-en-noun-StGXiwJp
  4. (grammar) A reciprocal construction involves two noun phrases where each of the participants occupies both the role of agent and patient with respect to the other. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocal pronoun. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Grammar
    Sense id: en-reciprocity-en-noun-GD2OiBQn Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Malay translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Volapük translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 5 3 4 47 23 18 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 3 2 4 63 15 13 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 6 8 5 53 17 12 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 1 3 50 23 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 11 7 7 41 21 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 10 5 7 43 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 9 5 10 42 19 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 5 3 7 49 21 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 10 4 7 47 18 14 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 5 4 6 48 21 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 11 5 7 43 20 15 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 7 4 6 48 20 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 6 5 11 44 20 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Hebrew translations: 7 5 9 46 18 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Indonesian translations: 10 4 11 42 19 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 10 4 11 42 19 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Malay translations: 9 4 10 42 21 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 6 5 9 43 24 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 11 5 8 41 19 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 10 4 7 47 18 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 5 2 5 52 20 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 4 2 5 51 21 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Volapük translations: 5 2 5 47 23 17 Topics: grammar, human-sciences, linguistics, sciences
  5. (international law) The mutual exchange of rights, privileges or obligations between nations. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocity (international relations). Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): International law
    Sense id: en-reciprocity-en-noun-IKDB3fuD
  6. (psychology) The responses of individuals to the actions of others. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Psychology
    Sense id: en-reciprocity-en-noun-Qi0hGaB7 Topics: human-sciences, psychology, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ethic of reciprocity, quadratic reciprocity, reciprocity principle Related terms: reciprocality, reciprocate, reciprocating, reciprocatory, reciprocitarian

Inflected forms

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  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ethic of reciprocity"
    },
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
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      "name": "der"
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  "pos": "noun",
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "reciprocality"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "reciprocate"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "reciprocating"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "reciprocatory"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "reciprocitarian"
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        {
          "text": "In a friendship, reciprocity occurs where the contribution of each party meets the expectations of the other party.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 111–112:",
          "text": "There might be benefit on one side, and obligation on the other; but their reciprocity of affection, their mutual exchange of small kindnesses—those strongest rivets of common attachment—were no more.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
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        {
          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "vzaimnost",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "tags": [
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          "word": "взаимност"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
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          "word": "reciprocitat"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "duìděng",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "word": "对等"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "reciprocita"
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          "code": "nl",
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          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "fi",
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          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "word": "vastavuoroisuus"
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          "code": "fr",
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          "word": "réciprocité"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
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          "word": "reciprocidade"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
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            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Gegenseitigkeit"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
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          "word": "Reziprozität"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
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          ],
          "word": "Umkehrbarkeit"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "amoivaiótita",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "tags": [
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          "word": "αμοιβαιότητα"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "hadadiut",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "הֲדָדִיּוּת"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "id",
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          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "word": "resiprositas"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "word": "timbal balik"
        },
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
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          ],
          "word": "savitarpis"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "word": "kesalingan"
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "word": "ketimbalbalikan"
        },
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          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gjensidighet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "reciprocitate"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "vzaímnostʹ",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "взаи́мность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "reciprocidad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 24 7 23 6 2",
          "code": "vo",
          "lang": "Volapük",
          "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
          "word": "rezip"
        }
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  "sounds": [
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    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "reciprocality"
    },
    {
      "word": "reciprocate"
    },
    {
      "word": "reciprocating"
    },
    {
      "word": "reciprocatory"
    },
    {
      "word": "reciprocitarian"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "In a friendship, reciprocity occurs where the contribution of each party meets the expectations of the other party.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 111–112:",
          "text": "There might be benefit on one side, and obligation on the other; but their reciprocity of affection, their mutual exchange of small kindnesses—those strongest rivets of common attachment—were no more.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The characteristic of being reciprocal, e.g. of a relationship between people."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "characteristic",
          "characteristic"
        ],
        [
          "reciprocal",
          "reciprocal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A reciprocal relationship."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reciprocal",
          "reciprocal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A relation of mutual dependence or action or influence."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Grammar"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A reciprocal construction involves two noun phrases where each of the participants occupies both the role of agent and patient with respect to the other. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocal pronoun."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "noun phrases",
          "noun phrases"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(grammar) A reciprocal construction involves two noun phrases where each of the participants occupies both the role of agent and patient with respect to the other. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocal pronoun."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "grammar",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:International law"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The mutual exchange of rights, privileges or obligations between nations. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocity (international relations)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "international law",
          "international law"
        ],
        [
          "mutual",
          "mutual"
        ],
        [
          "exchange",
          "exchange"
        ],
        [
          "right",
          "right"
        ],
        [
          "privilege",
          "privilege"
        ],
        [
          "obligation",
          "obligation"
        ],
        [
          "nation",
          "nation"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "international law",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(international law) The mutual exchange of rights, privileges or obligations between nations. see: Wikipedia:Reciprocity (international relations)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Psychology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The responses of individuals to the actions of others."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "psychology",
          "psychology"
        ],
        [
          "response",
          "response"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(psychology) The responses of individuals to the actions of others."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "psychology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌrɛsəˈprɑsəti/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-reciprocity.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-reciprocity.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-reciprocity.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-reciprocity.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-reciprocity.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "vzaimnost",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "взаимност"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "reciprocitat"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "duìděng",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "word": "对等"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "reciprocita"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "wederkerigheid"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "word": "vastavuoroisuus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "réciprocité"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "reciprocidade"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Gegenseitigkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Reziprozität"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Umkehrbarkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "amoivaiótita",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "αμοιβαιότητα"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "hadadiut",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "הֲדָדִיּוּת"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "word": "kesalingan"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "word": "resiprositas"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "word": "timbal balik"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "savitarpis"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "word": "kesalingan"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "word": "ketimbalbalikan"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gjensidighet"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "reciprocitate"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "vzaímnostʹ",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "взаи́мность"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "reciprocidad"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "the state or quality of being reciprocal",
      "word": "rezip"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "reciprocity"
  ],
  "word": "reciprocity"
}

Download raw JSONL data for reciprocity meaning in English (8.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.