See rand in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "rand"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rand",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rand",
"t": "edge, border, margin, rim, shore"
},
"expansion": "Old English rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, shore”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*randaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *randaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*rem-",
"t": "to rest, prop or support oneself"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to rest, prop or support oneself”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rand",
"t": "edge, border, outskirts, rim"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rand (“edge, border, outskirts, rim”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rand",
"t": "edge, border, margin, rim, outskirts"
},
"expansion": "German Rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, outskirts”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rand",
"t": "rand, stripe, edge, verge"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rand (“rand, stripe, edge, verge”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rand, from Old English rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, shore”), from Proto-Germanic *randaz, *randō (“edge, rim, crust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to rest, prop or support oneself”). Cognate with Dutch rand (“edge, border, outskirts, rim”), German Rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, outskirts”), Swedish rand (“rand, stripe, edge, verge”). Related to rind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rands",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rand (plural rands)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: lagg"
},
{
"text": "at the wald's rand; the rand of the marsh",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1963, Field Studies [Council of Great Britain], volume 1, page 132",
"text": "Outside the rand or steep edge of this dome the bog is permanently ringed around by a zone liable to base-rich flooding, and this zone, the lagg, carries a persistent fen or carr vegetation."
},
{
"ref": "1984, Herman W. Gabriel, Glossary of Landscape & Vegetation Ecology for Alaska, page 64, entry \"lagg\":",
"text": "Lagg (1) Marginal zone outside the rand containing fen vegetation and representing the transition between raised bog peat and mineral soils.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Peter D. Moore, European Mires, page 288:",
"text": "[…] the rands, especially near the Teifi river, are very steep.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The border of an area of land, now especially marshland."
],
"id": "en-rand-en-noun-9qQp5Hqo",
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"marshland",
"marshland"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 17 3 5 15 21 16 8 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Meats",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1621 (first performance), John Fletcher, “The Wild-Goose Chase; a Comedy”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1679, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):",
"text": "They came with chopping-knives / To cut me into rands and sirloins",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A strip of meat; a long fleshy piece of beef, cut from the flank or leg; a sort of steak."
],
"id": "en-rand-en-noun-x0xZN5OJ",
"links": [
[
"meat",
"meat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, now dialect) A strip of meat; a long fleshy piece of beef, cut from the flank or leg; a sort of steak."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1867, Anderson, Rhymes, page 44",
"text": "They quarrelled an' fought 'mang the clippin's an' rands, / The tailor insistin' the colour was blue."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A border, edge or rim; a strip, as of cloth."
],
"id": "en-rand-en-noun-bvex~6Vq",
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"rim",
"rim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, dialect, rare) A border, edge or rim; a strip, as of cloth."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A strip of leather used to fit the heels of a shoe."
],
"id": "en-rand-en-noun-RVOTUI0H"
},
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],
"glosses": [
"A single rod woven in and out of the stakes."
],
"id": "en-rand-en-noun-~KKd~4EG",
"links": [
[
"rod",
"rod"
],
[
"stake",
"stake"
]
],
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"(basket-making) A single rod woven in and out of the stakes."
]
}
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"ipa": "/ɹænd/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rand.wav",
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"4": "",
"5": "ridge"
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"name": "der"
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"3": "rand"
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"expansion": "Dutch rand",
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "osx",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Named after Witwatersrand; the last element is Afrikaans rand (“ridge”), from Dutch rand, from Old Saxon rand, from Germanic *randaz. Compare Etymology 1, and Rand.\nThe sense of currency is because of gold that was extracted from the Witwatersrand rocks.",
"forms": [
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"_dis": "75 25",
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{
"_dis": "49 51",
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"_dis": "49 51",
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{
"_dis": "66 34",
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"_dis": "51 49",
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{
"_dis": "6 3 5 6 21 25 19 11 5",
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},
{
"_dis": "8 2 3 3 21 35 11 14 3",
"kind": "topical",
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{
"_dis": "5 17 3 5 15 21 16 8 9",
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],
"glosses": [
"A rocky slope, especially the area over a river valley; specifically, the Rand"
],
"id": "en-rand-en-noun-xtbcB2mV",
"links": [
[
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"Rand"
]
],
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{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sklon",
"sense": "a rocky slope",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "склон"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "a rocky slope",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zbocze"
}
]
},
{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "5 1 2 1 12 18 53 7 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Currencies",
"orig": "en:Currencies",
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"Currency",
"Money",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
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},
{
"_dis": "0 7 1 24 0 5 41 3 19",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Footwear",
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"Human",
"All topics",
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},
{
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"kind": "topical",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 1 99 0 0",
"kind": "place",
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"name": "South Africa",
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"Earth",
"Nature",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"The currency of South Africa, divided into 100 cents."
],
"id": "en-rand-en-noun-7AQOCRqt",
"links": [
[
"South Africa",
"South Africa"
],
[
"cent",
"cent"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "rand"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "rand",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَانْد"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rand",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ранд"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lántè",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "蘭特 /兰特"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "rand"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rand"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rant",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ραντ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "reṇḍ",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "रेंड"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rando",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "ランド"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "raendeu",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "랜드"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "rand"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
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},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
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"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rand"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "pl",
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"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rand"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rand"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "ru",
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"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ранд"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "randi"
}
]
}
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},
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"wikipedia": [
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],
"word": "rand"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "See rant.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rands",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "randing",
"tags": [
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"present"
]
},
{
"form": "randed",
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"past"
]
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{
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1601 (date written), Thomas Decker [i.e., Thomas Dekker], Iohn Webster [i.e., John Webster], North-ward Hoe. […], London: […] G[eorge] Eld, published 1607, →OCLC; reprinted as John S. Farmer, editor, Northward Hoe (The Tudor Facsimile Texts; 23), [Amersham, Buckinghamshire: John S. Farmer], 1914, →OCLC, Act IV, signatures F, verso – F2, recto:",
"text": "[…] I ſmelt out my noble ſtincker Greenſheild in his Chamber, and as tho my heart ſtringes had bin crackt, I vvept, & thumpd, and thumpd, and rau'd and randed, and raild, and told him hovv my vvife vvas novv grovvne as common as baibery, and that ſhee had hierd her Taylor to ride vvith her to VVare, to meete a Gentleman of the Court.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rant; to storm."
],
"id": "en-rand-en-verb-wlMTGWhD",
"links": [
[
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"rant#Verb"
],
[
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"storm#Verb"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To rant; to storm."
],
"tags": [
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]
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{
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"plural"
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{
"args": {},
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"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Programming",
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"Software engineering",
"Technology",
"Computer science",
"Engineering",
"Software",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Applied sciences",
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"Fundamental",
"Communication"
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"source": "w"
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{
"_dis": "6 3 5 6 21 25 19 11 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Crafts",
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"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"A random number."
],
"id": "en-rand-en-noun-E8mqbXmS",
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
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],
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"(programming) A random number."
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"engineering",
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"English terms derived from Old English",
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"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
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"Rhymes:English/ænd/1 syllable",
"en:Crafts",
"en:Currencies",
"en:Footwear",
"en:Geography",
"en:Meats",
"en:South Africa"
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"args": {
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{
"args": {
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "German Rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, outskirts”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rand",
"t": "rand, stripe, edge, verge"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rand (“rand, stripe, edge, verge”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rand, from Old English rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, shore”), from Proto-Germanic *randaz, *randō (“edge, rim, crust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to rest, prop or support oneself”). Cognate with Dutch rand (“edge, border, outskirts, rim”), German Rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, outskirts”), Swedish rand (“rand, stripe, edge, verge”). Related to rind.",
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"form": "rands",
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{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: lagg"
},
{
"text": "at the wald's rand; the rand of the marsh",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1963, Field Studies [Council of Great Britain], volume 1, page 132",
"text": "Outside the rand or steep edge of this dome the bog is permanently ringed around by a zone liable to base-rich flooding, and this zone, the lagg, carries a persistent fen or carr vegetation."
},
{
"ref": "1984, Herman W. Gabriel, Glossary of Landscape & Vegetation Ecology for Alaska, page 64, entry \"lagg\":",
"text": "Lagg (1) Marginal zone outside the rand containing fen vegetation and representing the transition between raised bog peat and mineral soils.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Peter D. Moore, European Mires, page 288:",
"text": "[…] the rands, especially near the Teifi river, are very steep.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The border of an area of land, now especially marshland."
],
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"marshland",
"marshland"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1621 (first performance), John Fletcher, “The Wild-Goose Chase; a Comedy”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1679, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):",
"text": "They came with chopping-knives / To cut me into rands and sirloins",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A strip of meat; a long fleshy piece of beef, cut from the flank or leg; a sort of steak."
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"(obsolete, now dialect) A strip of meat; a long fleshy piece of beef, cut from the flank or leg; a sort of steak."
],
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"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
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"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1867, Anderson, Rhymes, page 44",
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}
],
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"A border, edge or rim; a strip, as of cloth."
],
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},
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"(basket-making) A single rod woven in and out of the stakes."
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"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
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"etymology_text": "Named after Witwatersrand; the last element is Afrikaans rand (“ridge”), from Dutch rand, from Old Saxon rand, from Germanic *randaz. Compare Etymology 1, and Rand.\nThe sense of currency is because of gold that was extracted from the Witwatersrand rocks.",
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"glosses": [
"A rocky slope, especially the area over a river valley; specifically, the Rand"
],
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[
"Rand",
"Rand"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The currency of South Africa, divided into 100 cents."
],
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[
"cent",
"cent"
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},
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],
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{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sklon",
"sense": "a rocky slope",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "склон"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "a rocky slope",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zbocze"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "rand"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "rand",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَانْد"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rand",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ранд"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lántè",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "蘭特 /兰特"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "rand"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rand"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rant",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ραντ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "reṇḍ",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "रेंड"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rando",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "ランド"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "raendeu",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "랜드"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "rand"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rand"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rand"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rand"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rand"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rand",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ранд"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "numismatics of South Africa",
"word": "randi"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Witwatersrand"
],
"word": "rand"
}
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"en:Crafts",
"en:Currencies",
"en:Footwear",
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"en:Meats",
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],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "See rant.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rands",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "randing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
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"past"
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1601 (date written), Thomas Decker [i.e., Thomas Dekker], Iohn Webster [i.e., John Webster], North-ward Hoe. […], London: […] G[eorge] Eld, published 1607, →OCLC; reprinted as John S. Farmer, editor, Northward Hoe (The Tudor Facsimile Texts; 23), [Amersham, Buckinghamshire: John S. Farmer], 1914, →OCLC, Act IV, signatures F, verso – F2, recto:",
"text": "[…] I ſmelt out my noble ſtincker Greenſheild in his Chamber, and as tho my heart ſtringes had bin crackt, I vvept, & thumpd, and thumpd, and rau'd and randed, and raild, and told him hovv my vvife vvas novv grovvne as common as baibery, and that ſhee had hierd her Taylor to ride vvith her to VVare, to meete a Gentleman of the Court.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rant; to storm."
],
"links": [
[
"rant",
"rant#Verb"
],
[
"storm",
"storm#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To rant; to storm."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/ɹænd/"
},
{
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},
{
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}
],
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}
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},
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],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "rands",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Programming"
],
"glosses": [
"A random number."
],
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming) A random number."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
}
],
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},
{
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ænd"
}
],
"word": "rand"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rand meaning in English (14.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.