See purl in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"etymology_text": "Unknown; apparently related to Scots and dialect pirl (“twist, ripple, whirl, spin”), and possibly to Older Scots pyrl (\"thrust or poke at\"). Compare Venetan pirlo, an embellishment where the woven threads are twisted together. May be unrelated to purfle, though the meanings are similar.",
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"glosses": [
"A particular stitch in knitting in which the working yarn is pulled through an existing stitch from front to back."
],
"id": "en-purl-en-noun-2FyoEnJ6",
"links": [
[
"stitch",
"stitch"
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[
"knitting",
"knitting"
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[
"yarn",
"yarn"
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "92 3 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "opako",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "опако"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 3 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"word": "oko obrace"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 3 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"word": "averecht"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"word": "nurja silmukka"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 3 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maille à l’envers"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 3 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "linke Masche"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 3 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"word": "fordított szem"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 3 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lúb iompaithe"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 3 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rovescio"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 3 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"word": "punto rovescio"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 3 5",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lhoob bun ry skyn"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The edge of lace trimmed with loops."
],
"id": "en-purl-en-noun-5dUryicD"
},
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"english": "The New Arcadia",
"ref": "a. 1587, Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “(please specify the folio)”, in [Fulke Greville; Matthew Gwinne; John Florio], editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC:",
"text": "A triumphant chariot made of carnation velvet, enriched with purl and pearl.",
"translation": "The New Arcadia",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An embroidered and puckered border; a hem or fringe, often of gold or silver twist; also, a pleat or fold, as of a band."
],
"id": "en-purl-en-noun-4SMmiGnn"
}
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"homophone": "pearl"
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],
"word": "purl"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "purlwise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "unpurled"
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"etymology_text": "Unknown; apparently related to Scots and dialect pirl (“twist, ripple, whirl, spin”), and possibly to Older Scots pyrl (\"thrust or poke at\"). Compare Venetan pirlo, an embellishment where the woven threads are twisted together. May be unrelated to purfle, though the meanings are similar.",
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"form": "purls",
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{
"form": "purling",
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"text": "Needlework purled with gold.",
"type": "example"
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],
"glosses": [
"To decorate with fringe or embroidered edge"
],
"id": "en-purl-en-verb-F6AaPZmW"
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"text": "Knit one, purl two.",
"type": "example"
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66,
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],
"text": "Stockinette fabric is created by knitting the right-side rows and purling the wrong-side rows.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To use or create a purl stitch or stitches."
],
"id": "en-purl-en-verb-6wUJEcd1",
"links": [
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"knitting",
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"raw_glosses": [
"(knitting) To use or create a purl stitch or stitches."
],
"topics": [
"business",
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"manufacturing",
"textiles"
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"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
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"word": "purl"
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"name": "inh"
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"etymology_text": "from Middle English pirle (“whirligig”), Middle Italian pirla (“whipping top”).",
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"forms": [
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"form": "purls",
"tags": [
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"singular",
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{
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"text": "The huntsman was purled from his horse.",
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],
"glosses": [
"To upset, to spin, capsize, fall heavily, fall headlong."
],
"id": "en-purl-en-verb-aN13sgex",
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"(archaic) To upset, to spin, capsize, fall heavily, fall headlong."
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"5": "to babble"
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"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
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"title": "imitative"
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"name": "onomatopoeic"
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"2": "gem",
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"expansion": "Dutch polder",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "puldra",
"3": "",
"4": "to gush"
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"expansion": "Norwegian puldra (“to gush”)",
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"2": "polr",
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"4": "marsh"
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],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse purla (“to babble”), possibly ultimately from an imitative Germanic base related to Dutch polder, Norwegian puldra (“to gush”) and pulla (“to bubble”), Old English polr (“marsh”).",
"forms": [
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"ref": "1715–1720, Homer, translated by Alexander Pope, “Book XXI”, in The Iliad of Homer, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Swift o'er the rolling pebbles, down the hills, / Louder and louder purl the falling rills.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
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"ref": "1846 October, Alfred B[illings] Street, “A Day’s Hunting about the Mongaup”, in George R[ex] Graham, editor, Graham’s American Monthly Magazine of Literature and Art, volume XXIX, number 4, Philadelphia, Pa.: George R. Graham & Co., […], →OCLC, page 190:",
"text": "There is a water-break formed by a small terrace of rock in mid-stream, and purling with a hollow, delicious monotone—an island of pebbles is above, with here and there smaller ones near the \"forks.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
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"ref": "1959, Margaret Leech, “Appointment at Buffalo”, in In the Days of McKinley, New York: Harper & Brothers, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 595:",
"text": "At seven minutes past four, while a Bach sonata was purling under the din of the crowd, the President's reaching hand was struck aside, and a man lurched forward. Two shots cracked sharply. There was a moment of dead silence.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
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21
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],
"ref": "1973, Patsy Adam Smith, The Barcoo Salute, Adelaide: Rigby, page 39:",
"text": "A little creek purled down from the mountain over stones[.]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
17
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],
"ref": "2023 October 23, Murr Brewster, “Grizzlies and caribou and wolves, oh my! Savoring Denali’s delights.”, in The Christian Science Monitor:",
"text": "[T]he road purled out ahead of us for miles, all prospect and promise, like the beginning of a long, good friendship.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To flow with a murmuring sound in swirls and eddies."
],
"id": "en-purl-en-verb-ffT4Lafy",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To flow with a murmuring sound in swirls and eddies."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
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{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "romolja",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"word": "ромоля"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"word": "lirli"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"word": "šolissa"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"word": "hīwawā"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "žurčatʹ",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"word": "журчать"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dzjurčáty",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дзюрча́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dzjurkotáty",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дзюркота́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dzjurkotíty",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дзюркоті́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "žurčáty",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "журча́ти"
}
]
},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 18 7 66",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 19 7 66",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 18 6 68",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "9 19 7 66",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"text": "thin winding breath which purled up to the sky",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rise in circles, ripples, or undulations; to curl; to mantle."
],
"id": "en-purl-en-verb-0~Yntdxa"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɜːl/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
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{
"ipa": "/pɝl/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰɝɫ]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
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{
"homophone": "pearl"
}
],
"word": "purl"
}
{
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{
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"2": "non",
"3": "purla",
"4": "",
"5": "to babble"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "polder"
},
"expansion": "Dutch polder",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "puldra",
"3": "",
"4": "to gush"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian puldra (“to gush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "polr",
"3": "",
"4": "marsh"
},
"expansion": "Old English polr (“marsh”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse purla (“to babble”), possibly ultimately from an imitative Germanic base related to Dutch polder, Norwegian puldra (“to gush”) and pulla (“to bubble”), Old English polr (“marsh”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "purls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
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{
"args": {
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"3": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(British, dialectal)",
"name": "tlb"
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
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126,
132
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"ref": "[1596], Michaell Drayton [i.e., Michael Drayton], Mortimeriados. The Lamentable Ciuell Warres of Edward the Second and the Barrons, London: […] I. R. for Humfry Lownes, […], →OCLC, signature Q, recto:",
"text": "Caiſters ſiluer Lake, / […] / VVhoſe ſtreame an eaſie breath doth ſeeme to blovve; / VVhich on the ſparkling grauell runns in purles, / As though the vvaues had been of ſiluer curles.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
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112
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"ref": "1668, Jeremy Taylor, “Twenty-seven Sermons Preached at Golden Grove; Being for the Summer Half-year, […]: Sermon VIII. A Funeral Sermon, &c.”, in Reginald Heber, editor, The Whole Works of the Right Rev. Jeremy Taylor, D.D. […], volume VI, London: Ogle, Duncan, and Co. […]; and Richard Priestley, […], published 1822, →OCLC, page 453:",
"text": "Whatsoever had a beginning, can also have an ending; and it shall die, unless it be daily watered with the purls flowing from the fountain of life, and refreshed with the dew of heaven, and the wells of God: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A circle made by the motion of a fluid; an eddy; a ripple."
],
"id": "en-purl-en-noun-4ou3GpiB",
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle#Noun"
],
[
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"make#Verb"
],
[
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"motion#Noun"
],
[
"fluid",
"fluid#Noun"
],
[
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"eddy#Noun"
],
[
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"ripple#Noun"
]
],
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"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 6 6 6 7 15 10 7 6 5 6 11 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sounds",
"orig": "en:Sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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8
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],
"text": "the purl of a brook",
"type": "example"
}
],
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"A gentle murmuring sound, such as that produced by the running of a liquid among obstructions."
],
"id": "en-purl-en-noun-Nra6Bry8",
"links": [
[
"gentle",
"gentle"
],
[
"murmuring",
"murmuring#Adjective"
],
[
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"sound#Noun"
],
[
"produced",
"produce#Verb"
],
[
"running",
"running#Noun"
],
[
"liquid",
"liquid#Noun"
],
[
"obstruction",
"obstruction"
]
],
"tags": [
"British",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰəːɫ]",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
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{
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"tags": [
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{
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{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"homophone": "pearl"
}
],
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}
{
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{
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},
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"name": "en-noun"
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],
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 49 48 0 0 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Beer",
"orig": "en:Beer",
"parents": [],
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}
],
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16,
21
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],
"ref": "1711, The Spectator, number 88:",
"text": "A double mug of purle.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ale or beer spiced with wormwood or other bitter herbs, regarded as a tonic."
],
"id": "en-purl-en-noun-87BnY9HT",
"links": [
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"ale"
],
[
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[
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[
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"wormwood"
],
[
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],
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],
"tags": [
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"archaic",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 0 0 0 0 0 49 48 0 0 0 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Beer",
"orig": "en:Beer",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
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"ref": "1712 March 15 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison; Richard Steele et al.], “TUESDAY, March 4, 1711–1712”, in The Spectator, number 317; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume IV, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:",
"text": "Drank a glass of purl to recover appetite.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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13,
17
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],
"ref": "1841 February–November, Charles Dickens, “Barnaby Rudge. Chapter 60.”, in Master Humphrey’s Clock, volume III, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Drinking hot purl, and smoking pipes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hot beer mixed with gin, sugar, and spices."
],
"id": "en-purl-en-noun-hFOKRh1n",
"links": [
[
"beer",
"beer"
],
[
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"gin"
],
[
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"sugar"
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],
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"(archaic) Hot beer mixed with gin, sugar, and spices."
],
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"archaic",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
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"tags": [
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{
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],
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"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
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"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
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"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"en:Beer",
"en:Sounds",
"en:Terns"
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"etymology_templates": [
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"name": "unk"
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],
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"tags": [
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}
],
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"name": "en-noun"
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"lang_code": "en",
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{
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
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"stitch"
],
[
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"knitting"
],
[
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"yarn"
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]
},
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"The edge of lace trimmed with loops."
]
},
{
"categories": [
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65
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"english": "The New Arcadia",
"ref": "a. 1587, Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “(please specify the folio)”, in [Fulke Greville; Matthew Gwinne; John Florio], editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC:",
"text": "A triumphant chariot made of carnation velvet, enriched with purl and pearl.",
"translation": "The New Arcadia",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An embroidered and puckered border; a hem or fringe, often of gold or silver twist; also, a pleat or fold, as of a band."
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/pɜːl/",
"tags": [
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{
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"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"homophone": "pearl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "opako",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "опако"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"word": "oko obrace"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"word": "averecht"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"word": "nurja silmukka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "maille à l’envers"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "linke Masche"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"word": "fordított szem"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lúb iompaithe"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rovescio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"word": "punto rovescio"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"sense": "a particular stitch in knitting",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lhoob bun ry skyn"
}
],
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}
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"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"en:Beer",
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{
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],
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},
{
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"English terms with usage examples"
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11,
17
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"text": "Needlework purled with gold.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To decorate with fringe or embroidered edge"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Knitting"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
14
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],
"text": "Knit one, purl two.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
66,
73
]
],
"text": "Stockinette fabric is created by knitting the right-side rows and purling the wrong-side rows.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To use or create a purl stitch or stitches."
],
"links": [
[
"knitting",
"knitting#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(knitting) To use or create a purl stitch or stitches."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"knitting",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰəːɫ]",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
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{
"ipa": "/pɝl/",
"tags": [
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},
{
"ipa": "[pʰɝɫ]",
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"General-American"
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{
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{
"homophone": "pearl"
}
],
"word": "purl"
}
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{
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"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "from Middle English pirle (“whirligig”), Middle Italian pirla (“whipping top”).",
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"tags": [
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{
"glosses": [
"a heavy or headlong fall; an upset."
]
}
],
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},
{
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{
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"word": "purl"
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"name": "der"
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],
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{
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"text": "The huntsman was purled from his horse.",
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],
"glosses": [
"To upset, to spin, capsize, fall heavily, fall headlong."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) To upset, to spin, capsize, fall heavily, fall headlong."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/pɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
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"word": "purl"
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"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
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{
"args": {
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"4": "marsh"
},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse purla (“to babble”), possibly ultimately from an imitative Germanic base related to Dutch polder, Norwegian puldra (“to gush”) and pulla (“to bubble”), Old English polr (“marsh”).",
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"ref": "1715–1720, Homer, translated by Alexander Pope, “Book XXI”, in The Iliad of Homer, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Swift o'er the rolling pebbles, down the hills, / Louder and louder purl the falling rills.",
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"text": "There is a water-break formed by a small terrace of rock in mid-stream, and purling with a hollow, delicious monotone—an island of pebbles is above, with here and there smaller ones near the \"forks.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
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"ref": "1959, Margaret Leech, “Appointment at Buffalo”, in In the Days of McKinley, New York: Harper & Brothers, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 595:",
"text": "At seven minutes past four, while a Bach sonata was purling under the din of the crowd, the President's reaching hand was struck aside, and a man lurched forward. Two shots cracked sharply. There was a moment of dead silence.",
"type": "quote"
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"text": "A little creek purled down from the mountain over stones[.]",
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},
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11,
17
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"ref": "2023 October 23, Murr Brewster, “Grizzlies and caribou and wolves, oh my! Savoring Denali’s delights.”, in The Christian Science Monitor:",
"text": "[T]he road purled out ahead of us for miles, all prospect and promise, like the beginning of a long, good friendship.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To flow with a murmuring sound in swirls and eddies."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To flow with a murmuring sound in swirls and eddies."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
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"text": "thin winding breath which purled up to the sky",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rise in circles, ripples, or undulations; to curl; to mantle."
]
}
],
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"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
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{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "romolja",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"word": "ромоля"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"word": "lirli"
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{
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"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"word": "šolissa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"word": "hīwawā"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "žurčatʹ",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"word": "журчать"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dzjurčáty",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дзюрча́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dzjurkotáty",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дзюркота́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "dzjurkotíty",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дзюркоті́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "žurčáty",
"sense": "to make the sound of gently running water",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "журча́ти"
}
],
"word": "purl"
}
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English countable nouns",
"English dialectal terms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English terms derived from Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Beer",
"en:Sounds",
"en:Terns"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "purla",
"4": "",
"5": "to babble"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse purla (“to babble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "polder"
},
"expansion": "Dutch polder",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "puldra",
"3": "",
"4": "to gush"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian puldra (“to gush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "polr",
"3": "",
"4": "marsh"
},
"expansion": "Old English polr (“marsh”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse purla (“to babble”), possibly ultimately from an imitative Germanic base related to Dutch polder, Norwegian puldra (“to gush”) and pulla (“to bubble”), Old English polr (“marsh”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "purls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "purl (plural purls)",
"name": "en-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Britain",
"3": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(British, dialectal)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
126,
132
]
],
"ref": "[1596], Michaell Drayton [i.e., Michael Drayton], Mortimeriados. The Lamentable Ciuell Warres of Edward the Second and the Barrons, London: […] I. R. for Humfry Lownes, […], →OCLC, signature Q, recto:",
"text": "Caiſters ſiluer Lake, / […] / VVhoſe ſtreame an eaſie breath doth ſeeme to blovve; / VVhich on the ſparkling grauell runns in purles, / As though the vvaues had been of ſiluer curles.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
107,
112
]
],
"ref": "1668, Jeremy Taylor, “Twenty-seven Sermons Preached at Golden Grove; Being for the Summer Half-year, […]: Sermon VIII. A Funeral Sermon, &c.”, in Reginald Heber, editor, The Whole Works of the Right Rev. Jeremy Taylor, D.D. […], volume VI, London: Ogle, Duncan, and Co. […]; and Richard Priestley, […], published 1822, →OCLC, page 453:",
"text": "Whatsoever had a beginning, can also have an ending; and it shall die, unless it be daily watered with the purls flowing from the fountain of life, and refreshed with the dew of heaven, and the wells of God: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A circle made by the motion of a fluid; an eddy; a ripple."
],
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle#Noun"
],
[
"made",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"motion",
"motion#Noun"
],
[
"fluid",
"fluid#Noun"
],
[
"eddy",
"eddy#Noun"
],
[
"ripple",
"ripple#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"British",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"text": "the purl of a brook",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A gentle murmuring sound, such as that produced by the running of a liquid among obstructions."
],
"links": [
[
"gentle",
"gentle"
],
[
"murmuring",
"murmuring#Adjective"
],
[
"sound",
"sound#Noun"
],
[
"produced",
"produce#Verb"
],
[
"running",
"running#Noun"
],
[
"liquid",
"liquid#Noun"
],
[
"obstruction",
"obstruction"
]
],
"tags": [
"British",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰəːɫ]",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-purl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-purl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-purl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-purl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-purl.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɝl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰɝɫ]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-purl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-purl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-purl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-purl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-purl.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"homophone": "pearl"
}
],
"word": "purl"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)l/1 syllable",
"en:Beer",
"en:Sounds",
"en:Terns"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Possibly from the pearl-like appearance caused by bubbles on the surface of the liquid.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "purl (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"ref": "1711, The Spectator, number 88:",
"text": "A double mug of purle.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ale or beer spiced with wormwood or other bitter herbs, regarded as a tonic."
],
"links": [
[
"Ale",
"ale"
],
[
"beer",
"beer"
],
[
"spice",
"spice"
],
[
"wormwood",
"wormwood"
],
[
"tonic",
"tonic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Ale or beer spiced with wormwood or other bitter herbs, regarded as a tonic."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"ref": "1712 March 15 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison; Richard Steele et al.], “TUESDAY, March 4, 1711–1712”, in The Spectator, number 317; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume IV, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:",
"text": "Drank a glass of purl to recover appetite.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"ref": "1841 February–November, Charles Dickens, “Barnaby Rudge. Chapter 60.”, in Master Humphrey’s Clock, volume III, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Drinking hot purl, and smoking pipes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hot beer mixed with gin, sugar, and spices."
],
"links": [
[
"beer",
"beer"
],
[
"gin",
"gin"
],
[
"sugar",
"sugar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Hot beer mixed with gin, sugar, and spices."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɜːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰəːɫ]",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-purl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-purl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-purl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-purl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-purl.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɝl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰɝɫ]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-purl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-purl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-purl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-purl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-purl.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)l"
},
{
"homophone": "pearl"
}
],
"word": "purl"
}
Download raw JSONL data for purl meaning in English (29.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.