See plaque in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "antiplaque"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "blue plaque"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "immunoplaque"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "intraplaque"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mucoid plaque"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonplaque"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "periplaque"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plaqueless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plaquette"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plaquing"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "plaque",
"4": "",
"5": "plate, sheet (of metal); slab (of marble); bacteria on teeth"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French plaque (“plate, sheet (of metal); slab (of marble); bacteria on teeth”)",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "plaquer"
},
"expansion": "French plaquer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "plaquer",
"4": "",
"5": "to plate"
},
"expansion": "Middle French plaquer (“to plate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "placken",
"4": "",
"5": "to patch, beat metal into a thin plate"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch placken (“to patch, beat metal into a thin plate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*plagga",
"4": "",
"5": "patch"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *plagga (“patch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*plaggą",
"4": "",
"5": "patch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *plaggą (“patch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "placke"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German placke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Placken",
"3": "",
"4": "spot, patch"
},
"expansion": "German Placken (“spot, patch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "plak"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian plak",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "plagg",
"3": "",
"4": "clothing, garment"
},
"expansion": "Swedish plagg (“clothing, garment”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French plaque (“plate, sheet (of metal); slab (of marble); bacteria on teeth”), from French plaquer, Middle French plaquer (“to plate”), from Middle Dutch placken (“to patch, beat metal into a thin plate”), from placke (“disk, patch, stain”), from Old Dutch *plagga (“patch”), from Proto-Germanic *plaggą (“patch”).\nThe word is cognate with Middle Low German placke, plagge (“small stain, scraps, rags, thin grass”), German Placken (“spot, patch”), Saterland Frisian plak, plakke (“a blow, slap”), Swedish plagg (“clothing, garment”). Compare plack.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plaques",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "plaque (countable and uncountable, plural plaques)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "placard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "placula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plaquet"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 4 8 12 12 12 14 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament, or for painting pictures upon, as a dish, plate, slab, etc., hung upon a wall; also, a smaller decoration worn by a person, such as a brooch."
],
"id": "en-plaque-en-noun-Bs9nflpE",
"links": [
[
"flat",
"flat#Adjective"
],
[
"thin",
"thin"
],
[
"clay",
"clay"
],
[
"ivory",
"ivory"
],
[
"metal",
"metal"
],
[
"ornament",
"ornament#Noun"
],
[
"painting",
"paint#Verb"
],
[
"pictures",
"picture#Noun"
],
[
"dish",
"dish#Noun"
],
[
"plate",
"plate#Noun"
],
[
"slab",
"slab"
],
[
"hung",
"hang"
],
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
],
[
"worn",
"wear#Verb"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"brooch",
"brooch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) Any flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament, or for painting pictures upon, as a dish, plate, slab, etc., hung upon a wall; also, a smaller decoration worn by a person, such as a brooch."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"word": "匾額"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biǎn'é",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"word": "匾额"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"word": "plaketti"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"word": "levy"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Plakette"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pláka",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πλάκα"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "placca"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "piastrina"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"word": "پلاک"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "płyta"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tablica"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bljáška",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бля́шка"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bljáxa",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бля́ха"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 5 2 8 4 5 6 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"word": "placa"
}
]
},
{
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{
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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{
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],
"glosses": [
"A piece of flat metal with writing on it, attached to a building, monument, or other structure to remind people of a person or an event."
],
"id": "en-plaque-en-noun-ItZMxaiB",
"links": [
[
"writing",
"writing#Noun"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
],
[
"building",
"building#Noun"
],
[
"monument",
"monument"
],
[
"structure",
"structure#Noun"
],
[
"remind",
"remind"
],
[
"event",
"event"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A piece of flat metal with writing on it, attached to a building, monument, or other structure to remind people of a person or an event."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "taqtataş",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "таҡтаташ"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tabèlka",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "табèлка"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mindetavle"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "laatta"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "muistolaatta"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plaque"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "plakéta",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πλακέτα"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "emléktábla"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "targa"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tabella"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "plóča",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пло́ча"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "spómen-plóča",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спо́мен-пло́ча"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plakett"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plakett"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "tablica pamiątkowa"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "memoriálʹnaja doská",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мемориа́льная доска́"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tablíčka",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "табли́чка"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "plaketa"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "placa conmemorativa"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plakett"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 54 2 2 6 5 6 5 3 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "minnestavla"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
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{
"ref": "1953, Ian Fleming, Casino Royale:",
"text": "But on this June evening when Bond walked through the 'kitchen' into the salle privée, it was with a sensation of confidence and cheerful anticipation that he changed a million francs into plaques of fifty mille and took a seat […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small card representing an amount of money, used for betting in casinos; a sort of gaming chip."
],
"id": "en-plaque-en-noun-BFHhZMP4",
"links": [
[
"casino",
"casino"
],
[
"chip",
"chip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A small card representing an amount of money, used for betting in casinos; a sort of gaming chip."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Biology",
"orig": "en:Biology",
"parents": [
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A clearing in a bacterial lawn caused by a virus."
],
"id": "en-plaque-en-noun-F9~A9ZaF",
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"clearing",
"clearing#Noun"
],
[
"bacterial",
"bacterial"
],
[
"lawn",
"lawn"
],
[
"virus",
"virus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, biology) A clearing in a bacterial lawn caused by a virus."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 74 4 2 5 3 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "clearing in a bacterial lawn caused by a virus",
"word": "plakki"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Musical instruments",
"orig": "en:Musical instruments",
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"Music",
"Tools",
"Art",
"Sound",
"Technology",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 17 7 7 15 9 14 14 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 14 11 14 15 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 6 6 15 11 13 16 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 6 5 14 10 14 16 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 15 5 9 13 10 13 14 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 10 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 4 8 12 12 12 14 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 10 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 18 7 5 14 10 15 13 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 20 6 6 18 7 15 12 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 16 6 5 12 11 15 15 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 9 14 13 7 3",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 11 14 13 7 3",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 10 14 13 7 3",
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"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "blown plaques",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "aconcussion plaques",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the Hornbostel–Sachs classification system: any flat, thin musical instrument."
],
"id": "en-plaque-en-noun-e6euSTYY",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"classification",
"classification"
],
[
"system",
"system"
],
[
"musical instrument",
"musical instrument"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, music) In the Hornbostel–Sachs classification system: any flat, thin musical instrument."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 8 2 3 59 3 4 4 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "flat, thin musical instrument",
"word": "litteä soitin"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "en:Pathology",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Medicine",
"Health",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Body",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 14 11 14 15 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 6 6 15 11 13 16 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 15 5 9 13 10 13 14 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 4 8 12 12 12 14 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 16 6 5 12 11 15 15 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 11 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule (“inflamed, irritated patch”) on the skin."
],
"id": "en-plaque-en-noun-V0UzXwab",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"broad",
"broad#Adjective"
],
[
"patch",
"patch#Noun"
],
[
"abnormal",
"abnormal"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue"
],
[
"distinguishable",
"distinguishable"
],
[
"surrounding",
"surrounding#Adjective"
],
[
"papule",
"papule#English"
],
[
"inflamed",
"inflamed#Adjective"
],
[
"irritated",
"irritated#Adjective"
],
[
"skin",
"skin#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, pathology) A broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule (“inflamed, irritated patch”) on the skin."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 4 1 2 2 50 9 10 9 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule on the skin",
"word": "läiskä"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 1 2 2 50 9 10 9 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule on the skin",
"word": "plakki"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 1 2 2 50 9 10 9 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule on the skin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chiazza"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 1 2 2 50 9 10 9 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule on the skin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "placca"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "en:Pathology",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Medicine",
"Health",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Body",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 17 7 9 13 8 15 11 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 10 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 17 7 7 15 9 14 14 7 3",
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"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 14 11 14 15 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 6 6 15 11 13 16 7 3",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 6 5 14 10 14 16 8 4",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 15 5 9 13 10 13 14 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 10 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 4 8 12 12 12 14 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 10 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 18 7 5 14 10 15 13 7 4",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 20 6 6 18 7 15 12 8 2",
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"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 16 6 5 12 11 15 15 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 9 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 11 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 10 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 July–August, Stephen P. Lownie, David M. Pelz, “Stents to Prevent Stroke: These Devices can Spring into Shape Automatically to Open Arteries Blocked with Plaque”, in American Scientist, New Haven, Conn.: Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-05-29:",
"text": "As we age, the major arteries of our bodies frequently become thickened with plaque, a fatty material with an oatmeal-like consistency that builds up along the inner lining of blood vessels. The reason plaque forms isn't entirely known, but it seems to be related to high levels of cholesterol inducing an inflammatory response, which can also attract and trap more cellular debris over time.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.",
"An accumulation in artery walls made up of macrophage cells and debris containing lipids, (cholesterol and fatty acids), calcium, and connective tissue; an atheroma."
],
"id": "en-plaque-en-noun-AN71WpXo",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"accumulation",
"accumulation"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"associated",
"associate#Verb"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"artery",
"artery"
],
[
"macrophage",
"macrophage"
],
[
"cell",
"cell"
],
[
"debris",
"debris"
],
[
"lipid",
"lipid"
],
[
"cholesterol",
"cholesterol"
],
[
"fatty acid",
"fatty acid"
],
[
"calcium",
"calcium"
],
[
"connective tissue",
"connective tissue"
],
[
"atheroma",
"atheroma"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable, pathology) An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.",
"(countable, uncountable, pathology) An accumulation in artery walls made up of macrophage cells and debris containing lipids, (cholesterol and fatty acids), calcium, and connective tissue; an atheroma."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Dentistry",
"orig": "en:Dentistry",
"parents": [
"Medicine",
"Teeth",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Mouth",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"Face",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Head and neck",
"Fundamental",
"Body parts",
"Anatomy"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "en:Pathology",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Medicine",
"Health",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Body",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 17 7 9 13 8 15 11 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 10 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 17 7 7 15 9 14 14 7 3",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 14 11 14 15 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 6 6 15 11 13 16 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 6 5 14 10 14 16 8 4",
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"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 15 5 9 13 10 13 14 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 10 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 4 8 12 12 12 14 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 10 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 18 7 5 14 10 15 13 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 20 6 6 18 7 15 12 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 16 6 5 12 11 15 15 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 9 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 11 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 18 7 5 16 10 14 13 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.",
"An accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth, which may develop into dental calculus (tartar)."
],
"id": "en-plaque-en-noun-QmjEZTaF",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"accumulation",
"accumulation"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"associated",
"associate#Verb"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"dentistry",
"dentistry"
],
[
"biofilm",
"biofilm"
],
[
"bacteria",
"bacterium"
],
[
"teeth",
"tooth"
],
[
"dental calculus",
"dental calculus"
],
[
"tartar",
"tartar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable, pathology) An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.",
"(uncountable, dentistry) An accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth, which may develop into dental calculus (tartar)."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"dentistry",
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "plàka",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пла̀ка"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "斑點"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bāndiǎn",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "斑点"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yábān",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "牙斑"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plak"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plak"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "plakki"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plaque"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zahnbelag"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Plaque"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pláka",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πλάκα"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "lepedék"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "foglepedék"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "plakk"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tannsýkla"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "placca"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "mi",
"english": "referring to the build-up on teeth",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "kitokito"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "plakk"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "plakk"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zubnój kámenʹ",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубно́й ка́мень"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "povlak"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "placa"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "plack"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 2 4 5 6 10 46 9 9",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zubnyj káminʹ",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубний ка́мінь"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "en:Pathology",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Medicine",
"Health",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Body",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.",
"A deposit of beta-amyloid protein occurring in a nerve cell and associated with Alzheimer's disease."
],
"id": "en-plaque-en-noun-bklTN6ng",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"accumulation",
"accumulation"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"associated",
"associate#Verb"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"beta-amyloid",
"beta-amyloid"
],
[
"nerve",
"nerve"
],
[
"Alzheimer's disease",
"Alzheimer's disease"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable, pathology) An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.",
"(countable, medicine) A deposit of beta-amyloid protein occurring in a nerve cell and associated with Alzheimer's disease."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "en:Pathology",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Medicine",
"Health",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Body",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "amyloid plaque",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "apleural plaque",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "asenile plaque",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease."
],
"id": "en-plaque-en-noun-eb3wd8K7",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"accumulation",
"accumulation"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"associated",
"associate#Verb"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable, pathology) An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plæk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/plɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/plak/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/plæk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰl̥æk]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-plaque.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-plaque.ogg/En-us-plaque.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-plaque.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/plaːk/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-plaque.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-au-plaque.ogg/En-au-plaque.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-au-plaque.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æk"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːk"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 1 2 24 24 24 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease",
"word": "plakki"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 1 2 24 24 24 24",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "placca"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 1 2 24 24 24 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "blaszka"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Redondela",
"Reveriano Soutullo"
],
"word": "plaque"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English unadapted borrowings from French",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Rhymes:English/æk",
"Rhymes:English/æk/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːk",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːk/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antiplaque"
},
{
"word": "blue plaque"
},
{
"word": "immunoplaque"
},
{
"word": "intraplaque"
},
{
"word": "mucoid plaque"
},
{
"word": "nonplaque"
},
{
"word": "periplaque"
},
{
"word": "plaqueless"
},
{
"word": "plaquette"
},
{
"word": "plaquing"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "plaque",
"4": "",
"5": "plate, sheet (of metal); slab (of marble); bacteria on teeth"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French plaque (“plate, sheet (of metal); slab (of marble); bacteria on teeth”)",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "plaquer"
},
"expansion": "French plaquer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "plaquer",
"4": "",
"5": "to plate"
},
"expansion": "Middle French plaquer (“to plate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "placken",
"4": "",
"5": "to patch, beat metal into a thin plate"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch placken (“to patch, beat metal into a thin plate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*plagga",
"4": "",
"5": "patch"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *plagga (“patch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*plaggą",
"4": "",
"5": "patch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *plaggą (“patch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "placke"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German placke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Placken",
"3": "",
"4": "spot, patch"
},
"expansion": "German Placken (“spot, patch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "plak"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian plak",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "plagg",
"3": "",
"4": "clothing, garment"
},
"expansion": "Swedish plagg (“clothing, garment”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French plaque (“plate, sheet (of metal); slab (of marble); bacteria on teeth”), from French plaquer, Middle French plaquer (“to plate”), from Middle Dutch placken (“to patch, beat metal into a thin plate”), from placke (“disk, patch, stain”), from Old Dutch *plagga (“patch”), from Proto-Germanic *plaggą (“patch”).\nThe word is cognate with Middle Low German placke, plagge (“small stain, scraps, rags, thin grass”), German Placken (“spot, patch”), Saterland Frisian plak, plakke (“a blow, slap”), Swedish plagg (“clothing, garment”). Compare plack.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plaques",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "plaque (countable and uncountable, plural plaques)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "placard"
},
{
"word": "placula"
},
{
"word": "plaquet"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Any flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament, or for painting pictures upon, as a dish, plate, slab, etc., hung upon a wall; also, a smaller decoration worn by a person, such as a brooch."
],
"links": [
[
"flat",
"flat#Adjective"
],
[
"thin",
"thin"
],
[
"clay",
"clay"
],
[
"ivory",
"ivory"
],
[
"metal",
"metal"
],
[
"ornament",
"ornament#Noun"
],
[
"painting",
"paint#Verb"
],
[
"pictures",
"picture#Noun"
],
[
"dish",
"dish#Noun"
],
[
"plate",
"plate#Noun"
],
[
"slab",
"slab"
],
[
"hung",
"hang"
],
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"decoration",
"decoration"
],
[
"worn",
"wear#Verb"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"brooch",
"brooch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) Any flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament, or for painting pictures upon, as a dish, plate, slab, etc., hung upon a wall; also, a smaller decoration worn by a person, such as a brooch."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of flat metal with writing on it, attached to a building, monument, or other structure to remind people of a person or an event."
],
"links": [
[
"writing",
"writing#Noun"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
],
[
"building",
"building#Noun"
],
[
"monument",
"monument"
],
[
"structure",
"structure#Noun"
],
[
"remind",
"remind"
],
[
"event",
"event"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A piece of flat metal with writing on it, attached to a building, monument, or other structure to remind people of a person or an event."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1953, Ian Fleming, Casino Royale:",
"text": "But on this June evening when Bond walked through the 'kitchen' into the salle privée, it was with a sensation of confidence and cheerful anticipation that he changed a million francs into plaques of fifty mille and took a seat […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small card representing an amount of money, used for betting in casinos; a sort of gaming chip."
],
"links": [
[
"casino",
"casino"
],
[
"chip",
"chip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A small card representing an amount of money, used for betting in casinos; a sort of gaming chip."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"en:Biology"
],
"glosses": [
"A clearing in a bacterial lawn caused by a virus."
],
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"clearing",
"clearing#Noun"
],
[
"bacterial",
"bacterial"
],
[
"lawn",
"lawn"
],
[
"virus",
"virus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, biology) A clearing in a bacterial lawn caused by a virus."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Musical instruments"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "blown plaques",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "aconcussion plaques",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In the Hornbostel–Sachs classification system: any flat, thin musical instrument."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"classification",
"classification"
],
[
"system",
"system"
],
[
"musical instrument",
"musical instrument"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, music) In the Hornbostel–Sachs classification system: any flat, thin musical instrument."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"en:Pathology"
],
"glosses": [
"A broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule (“inflamed, irritated patch”) on the skin."
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"broad",
"broad#Adjective"
],
[
"patch",
"patch#Noun"
],
[
"abnormal",
"abnormal"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue"
],
[
"distinguishable",
"distinguishable"
],
[
"surrounding",
"surrounding#Adjective"
],
[
"papule",
"papule#English"
],
[
"inflamed",
"inflamed#Adjective"
],
[
"irritated",
"irritated#Adjective"
],
[
"skin",
"skin#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, pathology) A broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule (“inflamed, irritated patch”) on the skin."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Pathology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 July–August, Stephen P. Lownie, David M. Pelz, “Stents to Prevent Stroke: These Devices can Spring into Shape Automatically to Open Arteries Blocked with Plaque”, in American Scientist, New Haven, Conn.: Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-05-29:",
"text": "As we age, the major arteries of our bodies frequently become thickened with plaque, a fatty material with an oatmeal-like consistency that builds up along the inner lining of blood vessels. The reason plaque forms isn't entirely known, but it seems to be related to high levels of cholesterol inducing an inflammatory response, which can also attract and trap more cellular debris over time.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.",
"An accumulation in artery walls made up of macrophage cells and debris containing lipids, (cholesterol and fatty acids), calcium, and connective tissue; an atheroma."
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"accumulation",
"accumulation"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"associated",
"associate#Verb"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"artery",
"artery"
],
[
"macrophage",
"macrophage"
],
[
"cell",
"cell"
],
[
"debris",
"debris"
],
[
"lipid",
"lipid"
],
[
"cholesterol",
"cholesterol"
],
[
"fatty acid",
"fatty acid"
],
[
"calcium",
"calcium"
],
[
"connective tissue",
"connective tissue"
],
[
"atheroma",
"atheroma"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable, pathology) An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.",
"(countable, uncountable, pathology) An accumulation in artery walls made up of macrophage cells and debris containing lipids, (cholesterol and fatty acids), calcium, and connective tissue; an atheroma."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Dentistry",
"en:Pathology"
],
"glosses": [
"An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.",
"An accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth, which may develop into dental calculus (tartar)."
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"accumulation",
"accumulation"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"associated",
"associate#Verb"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"dentistry",
"dentistry"
],
[
"biofilm",
"biofilm"
],
[
"bacteria",
"bacterium"
],
[
"teeth",
"tooth"
],
[
"dental calculus",
"dental calculus"
],
[
"tartar",
"tartar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable, pathology) An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.",
"(uncountable, dentistry) An accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth, which may develop into dental calculus (tartar)."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"dentistry",
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Medicine",
"en:Pathology"
],
"glosses": [
"An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.",
"A deposit of beta-amyloid protein occurring in a nerve cell and associated with Alzheimer's disease."
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"accumulation",
"accumulation"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"associated",
"associate#Verb"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"beta-amyloid",
"beta-amyloid"
],
[
"nerve",
"nerve"
],
[
"Alzheimer's disease",
"Alzheimer's disease"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable, pathology) An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease.",
"(countable, medicine) A deposit of beta-amyloid protein occurring in a nerve cell and associated with Alzheimer's disease."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Pathology"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "amyloid plaque",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "apleural plaque",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "asenile plaque",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease."
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"accumulation",
"accumulation"
],
[
"material",
"material#Noun"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"associated",
"associate#Verb"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, uncountable, pathology) An abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plæk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/plɑːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/plak/",
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/plæk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰl̥æk]",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-plaque.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-plaque.ogg/En-us-plaque.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-plaque.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/plaːk/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-plaque.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-au-plaque.ogg/En-au-plaque.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-au-plaque.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æk"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːk"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"word": "匾額"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biǎn'é",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"word": "匾额"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"word": "plaketti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"word": "levy"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Plakette"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pláka",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πλάκα"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "placca"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "piastrina"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"word": "پلاک"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "płyta"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tablica"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bljáška",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бля́шка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bljáxa",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бля́ха"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "flat, thin piece of clay, ivory, metal, etc., used for ornament",
"word": "placa"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "taqtataş",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "таҡтаташ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tabèlka",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "табèлка"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mindetavle"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "laatta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "muistolaatta"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plaque"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "plakéta",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πλακέτα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "emléktábla"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "targa"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tabella"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "plóča",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пло́ча"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "spómen-plóča",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спо́мен-пло́ча"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plakett"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plakett"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "tablica pamiątkowa"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "memoriálʹnaja doská",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мемориа́льная доска́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tablíčka",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "табли́чка"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "plaketa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"word": "placa conmemorativa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plakett"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "piece of flat metal with writing on it to remind people of a person or event",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "minnestavla"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "clearing in a bacterial lawn caused by a virus",
"word": "plakki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "flat, thin musical instrument",
"word": "litteä soitin"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule on the skin",
"word": "läiskä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule on the skin",
"word": "plakki"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule on the skin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chiazza"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "broad patch of abnormal tissue distinguishable from surrounding tissue, especially a broad papule on the skin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "placca"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease",
"word": "plakki"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "placca"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "placca"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "abnormal accumulation of material in or on an organ of the body, often associated with disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "blaszka"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "plàka",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пла̀ка"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "斑點"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bāndiǎn",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "斑点"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yábān",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "牙斑"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plak"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plak"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "plakki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plaque"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zahnbelag"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Plaque"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pláka",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πλάκα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "lepedék"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "foglepedék"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "plakk"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tannsýkla"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "placca"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "referring to the build-up on teeth",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "kitokito"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "plakk"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "plakk"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zubnój kámenʹ",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубно́й ка́мень"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "povlak"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "placa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"word": "plack"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zubnyj káminʹ",
"sense": "accumulation of biofilm, or bacteria, on teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубний ка́мінь"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Redondela",
"Reveriano Soutullo"
],
"word": "plaque"
}
Download raw JSONL data for plaque meaning in English (24.5kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''An abnormal accumulation of ma'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"plaque"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "plaque",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.