See phloem in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for phloem meaning in English (6.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Phloëm"
},
"expansion": "German Phloëm",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Q123876",
"in": "1858",
"nobycat": "1",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "coined by Swiss botanist Carl Nägeli in 1858",
"name": "coin"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "φλόος",
"4": "",
"5": "husk, bark"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φλόος (phlóos, “husk, bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "System"
},
"expansion": "System",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1872. From German Phloëm, coined by Swiss botanist Carl Nägeli in 1858 from Ancient Greek φλόος (phlóos, “husk, bark”) + a Greek-sounding ending -em (cf. System).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "phloems",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "phloem (plural phloems)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Plant tissues",
"orig": "en:Plant tissues",
"parents": [
"Tissues",
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "xylem"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "metaphloem"
},
{
"word": "phloematic"
},
{
"word": "phloeophagous"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A vascular tissue in land plants primarily responsible for the distribution of sugars and nutrients manufactured in the shoot."
],
"id": "en-phloem-en-noun-kymIcpa8",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"vascular",
"vascular"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) A vascular tissue in land plants primarily responsible for the distribution of sugars and nutrients manufactured in the shoot."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "phlœm"
},
{
"word": "phloëm"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "phlöem"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floema"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "韌皮部"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rènpíbù",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "韧皮部"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lýko"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "floëem"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "floemo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "nila"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "phloème"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "lapani",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "ლაფანი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Phloem"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "háncsrész"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floema"
},
{
"alt": "しぶ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shibu",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "師部"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "floem"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "tarikai"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floèma"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âvand-e âbkeš",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "آوند آبکش"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "łyko"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floem"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floema"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "floéma",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "флоэ́ма"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lub",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "луб"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lýko",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "лы́ко"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floema"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "paniyandaluyan"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "pōṣaka kaṇajālamu",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "పోషక కణజాలము"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "floo-êm",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "โฟลเอ็ม"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfləʊ.əm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfləʊ.ɛm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfloʊ.əm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfloʊ.ɛm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊəm"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊɛm"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-phloem.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phloem.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phloem.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phloem.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phloem.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "flōʹəm",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "phloem"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "xylem"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "metaphloem"
},
{
"word": "phloematic"
},
{
"word": "phloeophagous"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Phloëm"
},
"expansion": "German Phloëm",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Q123876",
"in": "1858",
"nobycat": "1",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "coined by Swiss botanist Carl Nägeli in 1858",
"name": "coin"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "φλόος",
"4": "",
"5": "husk, bark"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φλόος (phlóos, “husk, bark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "System"
},
"expansion": "System",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1872. From German Phloëm, coined by Swiss botanist Carl Nägeli in 1858 from Ancient Greek φλόος (phlóos, “husk, bark”) + a Greek-sounding ending -em (cf. System).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "phloems",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "phloem (plural phloems)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"German coinages",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Rhymes:English/əʊəm",
"Rhymes:English/əʊəm/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/əʊɛm",
"en:Botany",
"en:Plant tissues"
],
"glosses": [
"A vascular tissue in land plants primarily responsible for the distribution of sugars and nutrients manufactured in the shoot."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"vascular",
"vascular"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) A vascular tissue in land plants primarily responsible for the distribution of sugars and nutrients manufactured in the shoot."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfləʊ.əm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfləʊ.ɛm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfloʊ.əm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfloʊ.ɛm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊəm"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊɛm"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-phloem.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phloem.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phloem.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phloem.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-phloem.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "flōʹəm",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "phlœm"
},
{
"word": "phloëm"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "phlöem"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floema"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "韌皮部"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rènpíbù",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "韧皮部"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lýko"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "floëem"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "floemo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "nila"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "phloème"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "lapani",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "ლაფანი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Phloem"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "háncsrész"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floema"
},
{
"alt": "しぶ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shibu",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "師部"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "floem"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "tarikai"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floèma"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âvand-e âbkeš",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "آوند آبکش"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "łyko"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floem"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floema"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "floéma",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "флоэ́ма"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lub",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "луб"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lýko",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "лы́ко"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "floema"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "paniyandaluyan"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "pōṣaka kaṇajālamu",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "పోషక కణజాలము"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "floo-êm",
"sense": "vascular tissue",
"word": "โฟลเอ็ม"
}
],
"word": "phloem"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.