See overwork in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"t": "to overwork, overlay"
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"t": "to overwork"
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],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English overwerken, possibly from Old English oferwyrċan (“to overwork, overlay”), equivalent to over- + work. Cognate with Dutch overwerken (“to overwork”).",
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"pos": "verb",
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{
"text": "to overwork a horse",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1945 November snd December, Cecil J. Allen, “British Locomotive Practice and Performance”, in Railway Magazine, page 329:",
"text": "For some years locomotives and coaches have been overworked and undermaintained to a degree without precedent in British railway history, and the leeway in maintenance now to be made up is very great.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (someone or something) work too hard."
],
"id": "en-overwork-en-verb-5RSNB-nE",
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"(transitive) To make (someone or something) work too hard."
],
"tags": [
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},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To work too hard."
],
"id": "en-overwork-en-verb-UeTBbkn7",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To work too hard."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "preumorjavam se",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "преуморявам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "přepracovat se"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "sich überarbeiten"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 0",
"alt": "かろうする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karō suru",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "過労する"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gwarohada",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "과로하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "preraboti",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "преработи"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "przepracowywać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "peretruždátʹsja",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "перетружда́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "peretrudítʹsja",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "перетруди́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "sobretrabajar"
}
]
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, The Aigalades:",
"text": "My days with toil are overwrought.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fill too full of work; to crowd with labour."
],
"id": "en-overwork-en-verb-iD35i-Wo",
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"(transitive) To fill too full of work; to crowd with labour."
],
"tags": [
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},
{
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{
"_dis": "20 10 10 10 14 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with over-",
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],
"glosses": [
"To decorate all over."
],
"id": "en-overwork-en-verb-T5LtdGBj",
"links": [
[
"decorate",
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To decorate all over."
],
"tags": [
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],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ō'və-wûkʹ",
"tags": [
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˌəʊvəˈwɜːk/",
"tags": [
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},
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"tags": [
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{
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"word": "overwork"
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"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "overtime"
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],
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{
"glosses": [
"A superstructure."
],
"id": "en-overwork-en-noun-fL38yC80",
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[
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{
"ref": "1878, Phosphorus in functional disorders of the nervous system, induced by overwork and other influences incidental to modern life:",
"text": "Various disordered conditions consequent upon overwork, which are characteristic of modern civilisation.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1946 July and August, K. Westcott Jones, “Isle of Wight Central Railway—2”, in Railway Magazine, page 244:",
"text": "[…] it had obtained from its constituents rather antiquated and inefficient equipment, which scarcely stood up to overwork; […].",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Wilkie Au, Urgings of the Heart: A Spirituality of Integration:",
"text": "When it comes to overwork, denial looms large.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Ernie J Zelinski, Joy of Not Working: A Book for the Retired, Unemployed, and Overworked:",
"text": "The Japanese term for sudden death from overwork.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Excessive work."
],
"id": "en-overwork-en-noun-yy8Pu2EN",
"links": [
[
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],
[
"work",
"work"
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"tags": [
"uncountable"
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "preumora",
"sense": "excessive work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "преумора"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "excessive work",
"word": "過勞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guòláo",
"sense": "excessive work",
"word": "过劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "excessive work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "surmenage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"alt": "かろう",
"code": "ja",
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"sense": "excessive work",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"alt": "過勞",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gwaro",
"sense": "excessive work",
"word": "과로"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prerabotuvanje",
"sense": "excessive work",
"tags": [
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"word": "преработување"
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{
"_dis1": "0 100",
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{
"_dis1": "0 100",
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"roman": "peretrúživanije",
"sense": "excessive work",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "перетру́живание"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "excessive work",
"word": "sobretrabajo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "excessive work",
"word": "sürmenaj"
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"(transitive) To make (someone or something) work too hard."
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"(intransitive) To work too hard."
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"type": "quote"
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"(transitive) To fill too full of work; to crowd with labour."
],
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"To decorate all over."
],
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],
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"(transitive) To decorate all over."
],
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"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "preumorjavam se",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "преуморявам се"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "přepracovat se"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "sich überarbeiten"
},
{
"alt": "かろうする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karō suru",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "過労する"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gwarohada",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "과로하다"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "preraboti",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "преработи"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "przepracowywać się"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "peretruždátʹsja",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "перетружда́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "peretrudítʹsja",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "перетруди́ться"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to work too hard",
"word": "sobretrabajar"
}
],
"word": "overwork"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English ergative verbs",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms prefixed with over-",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "overwerc"
},
"expansion": "Middle English overwerc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "oferweorc"
},
"expansion": "Old English oferweorc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "over",
"3": "work"
},
"expansion": "over- + work",
"name": "pre"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English overwerc, from Old English oferweorc, oferġeweorc (“an overwork, superstructure, tomb”), equivalent to over- + work.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "overwork (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "overtime"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A superstructure."
],
"links": [
[
"superstructure",
"superstructure"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1878, Phosphorus in functional disorders of the nervous system, induced by overwork and other influences incidental to modern life:",
"text": "Various disordered conditions consequent upon overwork, which are characteristic of modern civilisation.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1946 July and August, K. Westcott Jones, “Isle of Wight Central Railway—2”, in Railway Magazine, page 244:",
"text": "[…] it had obtained from its constituents rather antiquated and inefficient equipment, which scarcely stood up to overwork; […].",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Wilkie Au, Urgings of the Heart: A Spirituality of Integration:",
"text": "When it comes to overwork, denial looms large.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Ernie J Zelinski, Joy of Not Working: A Book for the Retired, Unemployed, and Overworked:",
"text": "The Japanese term for sudden death from overwork.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Excessive work."
],
"links": [
[
"Excessive",
"excessive"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ōʹvə-wûk'",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈəʊvəˌwɜːk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-overwork (noun).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overwork_%28noun%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overwork_%28noun%29.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overwork_%28noun%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-overwork_%28noun%29.wav.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "ōʹvər-wûrk'",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈoʊvɚˌwɝk/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "preumora",
"sense": "excessive work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "преумора"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "excessive work",
"word": "過勞"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guòláo",
"sense": "excessive work",
"word": "过劳"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "excessive work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "surmenage"
},
{
"alt": "かろう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karō",
"sense": "excessive work",
"word": "過労"
},
{
"alt": "過勞",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gwaro",
"sense": "excessive work",
"word": "과로"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prerabotuvanje",
"sense": "excessive work",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "преработување"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "excessive work",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "przepracowanie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "peretrúživanije",
"sense": "excessive work",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "перетру́живание"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "excessive work",
"word": "sobretrabajo"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "excessive work",
"word": "sürmenaj"
}
],
"word": "overwork"
}
Download raw JSONL data for overwork meaning in English (10.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.