"off-" meaning in English

See off- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Prefix

Etymology: From Middle English of-, from Old English of-, æf- (“off, away, down, un-”), from Proto-Germanic *aba- (“off, away”), from Proto-Indo-European *apo- (“off, away”). Cognate with Dutch af- (“off, away, down”), German ab- (“off, from, down”), Latin ab- (“from, of”), Ancient Greek ἀπο- (apo-, “away from, without”). Doublet of apo- and ab-. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|of-}} Middle English of-, {{inh|en|ang|of-}} Old English of-, {{m|ang|æf-|t=off, away, down, un-}} æf- (“off, away, down, un-”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*aba-|t=off, away}} Proto-Germanic *aba- (“off, away”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*apo-|t=off, away}} Proto-Indo-European *apo- (“off, away”), {{cog|nl|af-||off, away, down}} Dutch af- (“off, away, down”), {{cog|de|ab-||off, from, down}} German ab- (“off, from, down”), {{cog|la|ab-||from, of}} Latin ab- (“from, of”), {{cog|grc|ἀπο-||away from, without}} Ancient Greek ἀπο- (apo-, “away from, without”), {{doublet|en|apo-|ab-}} Doublet of apo- and ab- Head templates: {{head|en|prefix|head=|sort=}} off-, {{en-prefix}} off-
  1. Away from; off. Tags: morpheme Synonyms (away from): out-, ab-, apo-, de-, away, off Derived forms: off-Broadway, off-limb, offshore, offsite, off-road, off-piste, off-track, off-topic, off-white
    Sense id: en-off--en-prefix-QjfRXmXS Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header

Download JSON data for off- meaning in English (2.7kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "of-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English of-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "of-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English of-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "æf-",
        "t": "off, away, down, un-"
      },
      "expansion": "æf- (“off, away, down, un-”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*aba-",
        "t": "off, away"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aba- (“off, away”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*apo-",
        "t": "off, away"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *apo- (“off, away”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "af-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "off, away, down"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch af- (“off, away, down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "ab-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "off, from, down"
      },
      "expansion": "German ab- (“off, from, down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ab-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "from, of"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ab- (“from, of”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἀπο-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "away from, without"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀπο- (apo-, “away from, without”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "apo-",
        "3": "ab-"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of apo- and ab-",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English of-, from Old English of-, æf- (“off, away, down, un-”), from Proto-Germanic *aba- (“off, away”), from Proto-Indo-European *apo- (“off, away”). Cognate with Dutch af- (“off, away, down”), German ab- (“off, from, down”), Latin ab- (“from, of”), Ancient Greek ἀπο- (apo-, “away from, without”). Doublet of apo- and ab-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "off-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "off-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "off-Broadway"
        },
        {
          "word": "off-limb"
        },
        {
          "word": "offshore"
        },
        {
          "word": "offsite"
        },
        {
          "word": "off-road"
        },
        {
          "word": "off-piste"
        },
        {
          "word": "off-track"
        },
        {
          "word": "off-topic"
        },
        {
          "word": "off-white"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Away from; off."
      ],
      "id": "en-off--en-prefix-QjfRXmXS",
      "links": [
        [
          "Away",
          "away"
        ],
        [
          "off",
          "off"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "sense": "away from",
          "word": "out-"
        },
        {
          "sense": "away from",
          "word": "ab-"
        },
        {
          "sense": "away from",
          "word": "apo-"
        },
        {
          "sense": "away from",
          "word": "de-"
        },
        {
          "sense": "away from",
          "word": "away"
        },
        {
          "sense": "away from",
          "word": "off"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "off-"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "off-Broadway"
    },
    {
      "word": "off-limb"
    },
    {
      "word": "offshore"
    },
    {
      "word": "offsite"
    },
    {
      "word": "off-road"
    },
    {
      "word": "off-piste"
    },
    {
      "word": "off-track"
    },
    {
      "word": "off-topic"
    },
    {
      "word": "off-white"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "of-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English of-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "of-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English of-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "æf-",
        "t": "off, away, down, un-"
      },
      "expansion": "æf- (“off, away, down, un-”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*aba-",
        "t": "off, away"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aba- (“off, away”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*apo-",
        "t": "off, away"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *apo- (“off, away”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "af-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "off, away, down"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch af- (“off, away, down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "ab-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "off, from, down"
      },
      "expansion": "German ab- (“off, from, down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ab-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "from, of"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ab- (“from, of”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἀπο-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "away from, without"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀπο- (apo-, “away from, without”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "apo-",
        "3": "ab-"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of apo- and ab-",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English of-, from Old English of-, æf- (“off, away, down, un-”), from Proto-Germanic *aba- (“off, away”), from Proto-Indo-European *apo- (“off, away”). Cognate with Dutch af- (“off, away, down”), German ab- (“off, from, down”), Latin ab- (“from, of”), Ancient Greek ἀπο- (apo-, “away from, without”). Doublet of apo- and ab-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "off-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "off-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English doublets",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English prefixes",
        "English terms derived from Middle English",
        "English terms derived from Old English",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms inherited from Middle English",
        "English terms inherited from Old English",
        "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Away from; off."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Away",
          "away"
        ],
        [
          "off",
          "off"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "away from",
      "word": "out-"
    },
    {
      "sense": "away from",
      "word": "ab-"
    },
    {
      "sense": "away from",
      "word": "apo-"
    },
    {
      "sense": "away from",
      "word": "de-"
    },
    {
      "sense": "away from",
      "word": "away"
    },
    {
      "sense": "away from",
      "word": "off"
    }
  ],
  "word": "off-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.