See martial in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for martial meaning in English (34.2kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "court martial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "immartial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "martial art"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "martial artist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "martial eagle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "martialism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "martialist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "martiality"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "martialize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "martial law"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "martially"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "martialness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonmartial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Middle English martial",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "marcial",
"3": "marcial"
},
"expansion": "marcial",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mercial"
},
"expansion": "mercial",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mercialle",
"t": "relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing"
},
"expansion": "mercialle (“relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French martial",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "martial",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "French martial (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "mārtiālis",
"t": "of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war"
},
"expansion": "Latin mārtiālis (“of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Mārtius",
"t": "of or pertaining to Mars"
},
"expansion": "Mārtius (“of or pertaining to Mars”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ālis",
"pos": "suffix forming adjectives of relationship"
},
"expansion": "-ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "marziale",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Italian marziale (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "marcial",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese marcial (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "marcial",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Spanish marcial (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English martial, marcial, mercial, mercialle (“relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing”), from Middle French martial (modern French martial (“martial”)), or directly from its etymon Latin mārtiālis (“of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war”), from Mārtius (“of or pertaining to Mars”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship). The English word is cognate with Italian marziale (“martial”), Portuguese marcial (“martial”), Spanish marcial (“martial”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more martial",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most martial",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "martial (comparative more martial, superlative most martial)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"mart‧ial"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Mars"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Martin"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1580, Rutilius Rufus [pseudonym; Thomas Newton], “[The Epistle Dedicatorie]”, in A View of Valyaunce. Describing the Famous Feates, and Martiall Exploites of Two Most Mightie Nations, the Romains and the Carthaginians, for the Conquest and Possession of Spayne. […], imprinted at London: By Thomas East, →OCLC",
"text": "Sir, if I were to yeeld a reaſon of my preſent preſumption for thus boldly offering vnto your worſhipful view this little hyſtoricall Abridgemẽt of Martiall exploits, by ſundrye moſt famous warriours and renowmed Capitaines long ſince atchieued: [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1763, [Oliver Goldsmith], The Martial Review; or, A General History of the Late Wars; […], London: Printed for J[ohn] Newbery, […], →OCLC, page 170",
"text": "They [the Dutch] were, however, repelled by the valour of the Engliſh, and the matter is now under a civil deliberation, which makes it improper for a Martial Review.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of, relating to, or suggestive of war; warlike."
],
"id": "en-martial-en-adj-N62SqYGg",
"links": [
[
"war",
"war#Noun"
],
[
"warlike",
"warlike"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(comparable) Of, relating to, or suggestive of war; warlike."
],
"tags": [
"comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "vajénny",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "вае́нны"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "voénen",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "вое́нен"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "marcial"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bojový"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "sotainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "sotaisa"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "martial"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sabrʒolo",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "საბრძოლო"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "kriegerisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "martialisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "kampflustig"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "harci"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "háborús"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "marciális"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "badhbha"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "míleata"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "marziale"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "voen",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "воен"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "marcyan"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wojenny"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "marcial"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "bélico"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vojénnyj",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "вое́нный"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "marcial"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "krigslik"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "krigisk"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "martialisk"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "savaşçıl"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vijsʹkóvyj",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "військо́вий"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 16 9 6 5 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vojénnyj",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "воє́нний"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 21 10 10 8 10 1 25 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 19 8 14 8 10 1 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 18 7 17 7 6 1 20 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ial",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 5 16 6 5 0 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1628 June 7, The Petition of Right; republished in Francis Lieber, “Appendix V. The Petition of Right.”, in On Civil Liberty and Self-government, enlarged edition, Philadelphia, Pa.: J. B. Lippincott and Co.; London: Trübner and Co., 1859, →OCLC, page 486",
"text": "[D]ivers commissions under your Majestie's Greate Seale have issued forth, by which certaine persons have been assigned and appointed commissioners, with power and authoritie to proceed within the land, according to the justice of martiall lawe, against such soulders and marriners, or other dissolute persons joining with them, as should commit any murder, robbery, felonie, meeting, or other outrage or misdemeanour, whatsoever; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1938, Xavier Herbert, “Dawn of a New Era”, in Capricornia, Sydney, N.S.W.: Angus & Robertson, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton-Century, 1943, →OCLC, page 194",
"text": "He was lying on the table with head pillowed on the broken concertina and body sheltered with the Federal Flag, looking like a martial corpse. He did not wake properly till Blossom dragged him to the tap outside and turned the water on him.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Connected with or relating to armed forces or the profession of arms or military life."
],
"id": "en-martial-en-adj-xnkrR5QZ",
"links": [
[
"armed forces",
"armed forces"
],
[
"profession",
"profession"
],
[
"arms",
"arm#Noun"
],
[
"military",
"military#Adjective"
],
[
"life",
"life"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(comparable) Connected with or relating to armed forces or the profession of arms or military life."
],
"tags": [
"comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 77 6 5 5 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "voenen",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "военен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 77 6 5 5 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "sota-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 77 6 5 5 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "sotilas-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 77 6 5 5 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "martial"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 77 6 5 5 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "soldatisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 77 6 5 5 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "militärisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 77 6 5 5 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "hadi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 77 6 5 5 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "marcial"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 77 6 5 5 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vojénnyj",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "вое́нный"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 77 6 5 5 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vóinskij",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "во́инский"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 77 6 5 5 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "askerî"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 31 42 0 0 0 26 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "en:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1774 March, Thomas Mytton, “David’s Lamentation for the Deaths of Saul and Jonathan, 2 Samuel c. 1”, in Sylvanus Urban [pseudonym; Edward Cave], editor, The Gentleman’s Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, volume XLIV, London: Printed […], for D[avid] Henry, and sold by F[rancis] Newbery, […], →OCLC, page 136, column 1",
"text": "Ah!—each the pride of Iſrael's martial train, / Now breathleſs, on their native mountains ſlain!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "[1791], T[homas] May, “The Retreat of Æneas from the Burning City of Troy; or, A Noble Example of Filial, Paternal, and Conjugal Affection. Translated from the Second Book of Virgil’s Æneis.”, in Poems Descriptive and Moral; […], Henley, [Oxfordshire?]: Printed by and for the author; and sold by C. Dilly, […], →OCLC, page 98",
"text": "Thus near the bard were ſeen / Matrons and men, join'd with the breathleſs ſhades / Of martial heroes and unbearded boys, / And virgins chaſte, or youths beore the eyes / Of their ſad parents, on the pile conſum'd; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Noel Plaugher, “Martial Postures”, in Standing Qigong for Health and Martial Arts: Zhan Zhuang, London, Philadelphia, Pa.: Singing Dragon, Jessica Kingsley Publishers, page 91",
"text": "Martial arts were developed for fighting, but studying them doesn't make the practitioner a hostile individual. In fact, most practitioners are incredibly peaceful.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Characteristic of or befitting a warrior; having a military bearing; soldierly."
],
"id": "en-martial-en-adj-uMyotE9K",
"links": [
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
],
[
"bearing",
"bearing#Noun"
],
[
"soldierly",
"soldierly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(comparable) Characteristic of or befitting a warrior; having a military bearing; soldierly."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "soldierlike"
},
{
"word": "warriorlike"
}
],
"tags": [
"comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vojnstven",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "войнствен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "sotilaallinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "martial"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "kriegerisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "soldatisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "délceg"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "katonás"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "harcias"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "bellax"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "marcial"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "soldadesco"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bojevój",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "боево́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vóinskij",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "во́инский"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "marcial"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "soldadesco"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "castrense"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 88 3 3 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "savaşçıl"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Astrology",
"orig": "en:Astrology",
"parents": [
"Divination",
"Pseudoscience",
"Occult",
"Sciences",
"Forteana",
"Religion",
"All topics",
"Culture",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 21 10 10 8 10 1 25 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 19 8 14 8 10 1 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 18 7 17 7 6 1 20 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ial",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 5 16 6 5 0 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1682, Joseph Blagrave, “[The Effects of Directions.] The Sun Directed unto Promittors.”, in Obadiah Blagrave, editor, Blagrave’s Introduction to Astrology. In Three Parts. […], London: Printed by E. Tyler, and R. Holt, for Obadiah Blagrave, […], →OCLC, part III, page 251",
"text": "The Sun to the Quartile or Oppoſition of Mars. This Direction threatens the native with ſome martial Diſeaſe or Infirmity, as Fevers peſtilential, exceſs of Choler and Blood corrupted; it ſheweth danger by Fires, Wounds and Scalds, ill ſucceſs in Affairs, danger by Thieves and Robbers, ill having to do with martial Men, or to deal in martial Affairs; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1852, William Lilly, Zadkiel [pseudonym; Richard James Morrison], “Another Brief Description of the Shapes and Forms of the Planets”, in An Introduction to Astrology […]: A Grammar of Astrology, and Tables for Calculating Nativities. […], London: H[enry] G[eorge] Bohn, […], →OCLC, page 55",
"text": "A martial man is many times full-faced, with a lively, high colour, like sun-burnt, or like raw tanned leather; a fierce countenance, his eyes being sparkling or sharp and darting, and of yellow colour; his hair, both of head and beard, being reddish (but herein you must vary according to the sign).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1875, J. A., “ASTROLOGY”, in The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature, 9th edition, volume II, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, →OCLC, page 741, column 2",
"text": "Venus was placed below Mars; that is, the sensual passion was subjected to martial ardour.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to the astrological influence of the planet Mars."
],
"id": "en-martial-en-adj-uQ8Aliee",
"links": [
[
"astrology",
"astrology"
],
[
"astrological",
"astrological"
],
[
"influence",
"influence#Noun"
],
[
"planet",
"planet"
],
[
"Mars",
"Mars"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(not comparable, astrology, obsolete) Pertaining to the astrological influence of the planet Mars."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"astrology",
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "en:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1869 February 6, “The Planet of War”, in E[neas] S[weetland] Dallas, editor, Once a Week, volume III, number 58 (New Series), London: Bradbury, Evans, and Co. […], →OCLC, page 74, column 1",
"text": "For, having found out by a careful series of observations, the parts of Mars' orbit where the planet entered upon its various seasons, he [William Herschel] noted that, soon after mid-winter of the northern hemisphere, the northern white spot attained its greatest dimensions, while the southern was reduced to a tiny oval of light; whereas half a Martial year later, the southern spot was at its largest, and the northern a mere speck when compared with its winter appearance.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1874 September, N[athaniel] S[outhgate] Shaler, “The Moon”, in The Atlantic Monthly: A Magazine of Literature, Science, Art, and Politics, volume XXXIV, number CCIII, Boston, Mass.: H[enry] O[scar] Houghton and Company; New York, N.Y.: Hurd and Houghton […], →OCLC, page 277",
"text": "No naturalist can watch winter and summer come and go on the opposite hemispheres of the martial planet, without feeling that life must have come into being where all the machinery of life is in such perfect working.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to the planet Mars; Martian."
],
"id": "en-martial-en-adj-CUSiuxum",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"Martian",
"Martian#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(not comparable, astronomy, obsolete) Of or relating to the planet Mars; Martian."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 28 49 22",
"sense": "of or relating to the planet Mars",
"word": "Martial"
}
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "en:Chemistry",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "martial preparations martial flowers (a reddish crystalline salt of iron)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1790, Thomas Garnett, “Experiment XI”, in Experiments and Observations on the Horley-Green Spaw, near Halifax. […], Bradford, Yorkshire: Printed for the author, by George Nicholson; and sold by T. Knott, […], →OCLC, page 28",
"text": "This dephlogisticated martial vitriol, as M. [Torbern] Bergman calls it, is often found in nature, particularly in the ores of alum.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Containing, or relating to, iron (which was symbolically associated with the planet Mars by alchemists); chalybeate, ferric, ferrous."
],
"id": "en-martial-en-adj-en:of_iron",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"iron",
"iron#Noun"
],
[
"symbolically",
"symbolically"
],
[
"alchemist",
"alchemist"
],
[
"chalybeate",
"chalybeate"
],
[
"ferric",
"ferric"
],
[
"ferrous",
"ferrous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(not comparable, chemistry, medicine, obsolete) Containing, or relating to, iron (which was symbolically associated with the planet Mars by alchemists); chalybeate, ferric, ferrous."
],
"senseid": [
"en:of iron"
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 5 4 7 9 75",
"code": "fi",
"english": "containing",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "containing, or relating to iron",
"word": "rautapitoinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 4 7 9 75",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "containing, or relating to iron",
"word": "rauta-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 4 7 9 75",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "containing, or relating to iron",
"word": "raudan-"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑːʃəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑɹʃəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)ʃəl"
},
{
"homophone": "marshal"
},
{
"homophone": "Martial"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-martial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-martial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-martial.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "martiall"
}
],
"word": "martial"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Middle English martial",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "marcial",
"3": "marcial"
},
"expansion": "marcial",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mercial"
},
"expansion": "mercial",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mercialle",
"t": "relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing"
},
"expansion": "mercialle (“relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French martial",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "martial",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "French martial (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "mārtiālis",
"t": "of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war"
},
"expansion": "Latin mārtiālis (“of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Mārtius",
"t": "of or pertaining to Mars"
},
"expansion": "Mārtius (“of or pertaining to Mars”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ālis",
"pos": "suffix forming adjectives of relationship"
},
"expansion": "-ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "marziale",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Italian marziale (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "marcial",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese marcial (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "marcial",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Spanish marcial (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English martial, marcial, mercial, mercialle (“relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing”), from Middle French martial (modern French martial (“martial”)), or directly from its etymon Latin mārtiālis (“of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war”), from Mārtius (“of or pertaining to Mars”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship). The English word is cognate with Italian marziale (“martial”), Portuguese marcial (“martial”), Spanish marcial (“martial”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "martials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "martial (plural martials)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1850, Eugène Sue, “The Conversation”, in Charles Rochford, transl., The Mysteries of Paris, Translated from the French, London: Charles Daly, […], →OCLC, part II, page 213",
"text": "The martials (this is the name of my pirates) will pass in her eyes for an honest family of fishermen; I will go on your account, and make two or three visits to your young lady; I will order her certain potions, and at the end of eight days she will make acquaintance with the cemetery of Asnieres.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A soldier, a warrior."
],
"id": "en-martial-en-noun-uKCccNJ9",
"links": [
[
"soldier",
"soldier#Noun"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A soldier, a warrior."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Astrology",
"orig": "en:Astrology",
"parents": [
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"Pseudoscience",
"Occult",
"Sciences",
"Forteana",
"Religion",
"All topics",
"Culture",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 21 10 10 8 10 1 25 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 19 8 14 8 10 1 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 18 7 17 7 6 1 20 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ial",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 5 16 6 5 0 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A celestial object under the astrological influence of the planet Mars."
],
"id": "en-martial-en-noun-xc1ddy5f",
"links": [
[
"astrology",
"astrology"
],
[
"celestial object",
"celestial object"
],
[
"astrological",
"astrological"
],
[
"influence",
"influence#Noun"
],
[
"planet",
"planet"
],
[
"Mars",
"Mars"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astrology, obsolete) A celestial object under the astrological influence of the planet Mars."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"astrology",
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Science fiction",
"orig": "en:Science fiction",
"parents": [
"Fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Genres",
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 21 10 10 8 10 1 25 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 19 8 14 8 10 1 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 18 7 17 7 6 1 20 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ial",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 5 16 6 5 0 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 5 4 5 25 3 3 9 45",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Celestial inhabitants",
"orig": "en:Celestial inhabitants",
"parents": [
"Demonyms",
"Fictional characters",
"Science fiction",
"Names",
"People",
"Fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Human",
"Artistic works",
"Genres",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"Lemmas",
"Culture",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"ref": "1892, The Spectator: A Weekly Review of Politics, Literature, Theology, and Art, volume LXIX, London: F. C. Westley, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 218, column 2",
"text": "The Martials, if there be Martials in any sense in which there are terrestrials on our own planet, may have no eyes at all; their whole civilisation, if they have say, may depend on senses of which we have absolutely no trace, [...]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Martian (“inhabitant of the planet Mars”)"
],
"id": "en-martial-en-noun-~C2EMW2v",
"links": [
[
"science fiction",
"science fiction"
],
[
"Martian",
"Martian#English"
],
[
"inhabitant",
"inhabitant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly science fiction, obsolete) Synonym of Martian (“inhabitant of the planet Mars”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "inhabitant of the planet Mars",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Martian"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 11 87",
"sense": "synonym of Martian",
"word": "Martial"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"science-fiction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑːʃəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑɹʃəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)ʃəl"
},
{
"homophone": "marshal"
},
{
"homophone": "Martial"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "martial"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ial",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"Middle English links with redundant alt parameters",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)ʃəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)ʃəl/2 syllables",
"en:Celestial inhabitants",
"en:Military"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "court martial"
},
{
"word": "immartial"
},
{
"word": "martial art"
},
{
"word": "martial artist"
},
{
"word": "martial eagle"
},
{
"word": "martialism"
},
{
"word": "martialist"
},
{
"word": "martiality"
},
{
"word": "martialize"
},
{
"word": "martial law"
},
{
"word": "martially"
},
{
"word": "martialness"
},
{
"word": "nonmartial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Middle English martial",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "marcial",
"3": "marcial"
},
"expansion": "marcial",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mercial"
},
"expansion": "mercial",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mercialle",
"t": "relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing"
},
"expansion": "mercialle (“relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "frm",
"3": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French martial",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "martial",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "French martial (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "mārtiālis",
"t": "of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war"
},
"expansion": "Latin mārtiālis (“of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Mārtius",
"t": "of or pertaining to Mars"
},
"expansion": "Mārtius (“of or pertaining to Mars”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ālis",
"pos": "suffix forming adjectives of relationship"
},
"expansion": "-ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "marziale",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Italian marziale (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "marcial",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese marcial (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "marcial",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Spanish marcial (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English martial, marcial, mercial, mercialle (“relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing”), from Middle French martial (modern French martial (“martial”)), or directly from its etymon Latin mārtiālis (“of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war”), from Mārtius (“of or pertaining to Mars”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship). The English word is cognate with Italian marziale (“martial”), Portuguese marcial (“martial”), Spanish marcial (“martial”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more martial",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most martial",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "martial (comparative more martial, superlative most martial)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"mart‧ial"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "Mars"
},
{
"word": "Martin"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1580, Rutilius Rufus [pseudonym; Thomas Newton], “[The Epistle Dedicatorie]”, in A View of Valyaunce. Describing the Famous Feates, and Martiall Exploites of Two Most Mightie Nations, the Romains and the Carthaginians, for the Conquest and Possession of Spayne. […], imprinted at London: By Thomas East, →OCLC",
"text": "Sir, if I were to yeeld a reaſon of my preſent preſumption for thus boldly offering vnto your worſhipful view this little hyſtoricall Abridgemẽt of Martiall exploits, by ſundrye moſt famous warriours and renowmed Capitaines long ſince atchieued: [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1763, [Oliver Goldsmith], The Martial Review; or, A General History of the Late Wars; […], London: Printed for J[ohn] Newbery, […], →OCLC, page 170",
"text": "They [the Dutch] were, however, repelled by the valour of the Engliſh, and the matter is now under a civil deliberation, which makes it improper for a Martial Review.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of, relating to, or suggestive of war; warlike."
],
"links": [
[
"war",
"war#Noun"
],
[
"warlike",
"warlike"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(comparable) Of, relating to, or suggestive of war; warlike."
],
"tags": [
"comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1628 June 7, The Petition of Right; republished in Francis Lieber, “Appendix V. The Petition of Right.”, in On Civil Liberty and Self-government, enlarged edition, Philadelphia, Pa.: J. B. Lippincott and Co.; London: Trübner and Co., 1859, →OCLC, page 486",
"text": "[D]ivers commissions under your Majestie's Greate Seale have issued forth, by which certaine persons have been assigned and appointed commissioners, with power and authoritie to proceed within the land, according to the justice of martiall lawe, against such soulders and marriners, or other dissolute persons joining with them, as should commit any murder, robbery, felonie, meeting, or other outrage or misdemeanour, whatsoever; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1938, Xavier Herbert, “Dawn of a New Era”, in Capricornia, Sydney, N.S.W.: Angus & Robertson, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton-Century, 1943, →OCLC, page 194",
"text": "He was lying on the table with head pillowed on the broken concertina and body sheltered with the Federal Flag, looking like a martial corpse. He did not wake properly till Blossom dragged him to the tap outside and turned the water on him.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Connected with or relating to armed forces or the profession of arms or military life."
],
"links": [
[
"armed forces",
"armed forces"
],
[
"profession",
"profession"
],
[
"arms",
"arm#Noun"
],
[
"military",
"military#Adjective"
],
[
"life",
"life"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(comparable) Connected with or relating to armed forces or the profession of arms or military life."
],
"tags": [
"comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1774 March, Thomas Mytton, “David’s Lamentation for the Deaths of Saul and Jonathan, 2 Samuel c. 1”, in Sylvanus Urban [pseudonym; Edward Cave], editor, The Gentleman’s Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, volume XLIV, London: Printed […], for D[avid] Henry, and sold by F[rancis] Newbery, […], →OCLC, page 136, column 1",
"text": "Ah!—each the pride of Iſrael's martial train, / Now breathleſs, on their native mountains ſlain!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "[1791], T[homas] May, “The Retreat of Æneas from the Burning City of Troy; or, A Noble Example of Filial, Paternal, and Conjugal Affection. Translated from the Second Book of Virgil’s Æneis.”, in Poems Descriptive and Moral; […], Henley, [Oxfordshire?]: Printed by and for the author; and sold by C. Dilly, […], →OCLC, page 98",
"text": "Thus near the bard were ſeen / Matrons and men, join'd with the breathleſs ſhades / Of martial heroes and unbearded boys, / And virgins chaſte, or youths beore the eyes / Of their ſad parents, on the pile conſum'd; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Noel Plaugher, “Martial Postures”, in Standing Qigong for Health and Martial Arts: Zhan Zhuang, London, Philadelphia, Pa.: Singing Dragon, Jessica Kingsley Publishers, page 91",
"text": "Martial arts were developed for fighting, but studying them doesn't make the practitioner a hostile individual. In fact, most practitioners are incredibly peaceful.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Characteristic of or befitting a warrior; having a military bearing; soldierly."
],
"links": [
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
],
[
"bearing",
"bearing#Noun"
],
[
"soldierly",
"soldierly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(comparable) Characteristic of or befitting a warrior; having a military bearing; soldierly."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "soldierlike"
},
{
"word": "warriorlike"
}
],
"tags": [
"comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Astrology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1682, Joseph Blagrave, “[The Effects of Directions.] The Sun Directed unto Promittors.”, in Obadiah Blagrave, editor, Blagrave’s Introduction to Astrology. In Three Parts. […], London: Printed by E. Tyler, and R. Holt, for Obadiah Blagrave, […], →OCLC, part III, page 251",
"text": "The Sun to the Quartile or Oppoſition of Mars. This Direction threatens the native with ſome martial Diſeaſe or Infirmity, as Fevers peſtilential, exceſs of Choler and Blood corrupted; it ſheweth danger by Fires, Wounds and Scalds, ill ſucceſs in Affairs, danger by Thieves and Robbers, ill having to do with martial Men, or to deal in martial Affairs; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1852, William Lilly, Zadkiel [pseudonym; Richard James Morrison], “Another Brief Description of the Shapes and Forms of the Planets”, in An Introduction to Astrology […]: A Grammar of Astrology, and Tables for Calculating Nativities. […], London: H[enry] G[eorge] Bohn, […], →OCLC, page 55",
"text": "A martial man is many times full-faced, with a lively, high colour, like sun-burnt, or like raw tanned leather; a fierce countenance, his eyes being sparkling or sharp and darting, and of yellow colour; his hair, both of head and beard, being reddish (but herein you must vary according to the sign).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1875, J. A., “ASTROLOGY”, in The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature, 9th edition, volume II, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, →OCLC, page 741, column 2",
"text": "Venus was placed below Mars; that is, the sensual passion was subjected to martial ardour.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to the astrological influence of the planet Mars."
],
"links": [
[
"astrology",
"astrology"
],
[
"astrological",
"astrological"
],
[
"influence",
"influence#Noun"
],
[
"planet",
"planet"
],
[
"Mars",
"Mars"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(not comparable, astrology, obsolete) Pertaining to the astrological influence of the planet Mars."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"astrology",
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Astronomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1869 February 6, “The Planet of War”, in E[neas] S[weetland] Dallas, editor, Once a Week, volume III, number 58 (New Series), London: Bradbury, Evans, and Co. […], →OCLC, page 74, column 1",
"text": "For, having found out by a careful series of observations, the parts of Mars' orbit where the planet entered upon its various seasons, he [William Herschel] noted that, soon after mid-winter of the northern hemisphere, the northern white spot attained its greatest dimensions, while the southern was reduced to a tiny oval of light; whereas half a Martial year later, the southern spot was at its largest, and the northern a mere speck when compared with its winter appearance.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1874 September, N[athaniel] S[outhgate] Shaler, “The Moon”, in The Atlantic Monthly: A Magazine of Literature, Science, Art, and Politics, volume XXXIV, number CCIII, Boston, Mass.: H[enry] O[scar] Houghton and Company; New York, N.Y.: Hurd and Houghton […], →OCLC, page 277",
"text": "No naturalist can watch winter and summer come and go on the opposite hemispheres of the martial planet, without feeling that life must have come into being where all the machinery of life is in such perfect working.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or relating to the planet Mars; Martian."
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"Martian",
"Martian#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(not comparable, astronomy, obsolete) Of or relating to the planet Mars; Martian."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Chemistry",
"en:Medicine"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "martial preparations martial flowers (a reddish crystalline salt of iron)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1790, Thomas Garnett, “Experiment XI”, in Experiments and Observations on the Horley-Green Spaw, near Halifax. […], Bradford, Yorkshire: Printed for the author, by George Nicholson; and sold by T. Knott, […], →OCLC, page 28",
"text": "This dephlogisticated martial vitriol, as M. [Torbern] Bergman calls it, is often found in nature, particularly in the ores of alum.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Containing, or relating to, iron (which was symbolically associated with the planet Mars by alchemists); chalybeate, ferric, ferrous."
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"iron",
"iron#Noun"
],
[
"symbolically",
"symbolically"
],
[
"alchemist",
"alchemist"
],
[
"chalybeate",
"chalybeate"
],
[
"ferric",
"ferric"
],
[
"ferrous",
"ferrous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(not comparable, chemistry, medicine, obsolete) Containing, or relating to, iron (which was symbolically associated with the planet Mars by alchemists); chalybeate, ferric, ferrous."
],
"senseid": [
"en:of iron"
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑːʃəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑɹʃəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)ʃəl"
},
{
"homophone": "marshal"
},
{
"homophone": "Martial"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-martial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-martial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-martial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-martial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-martial.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "of or relating to the planet Mars",
"word": "Martial"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "martiall"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "vajénny",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "вае́нны"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "voénen",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "вое́нен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "marcial"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bojový"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "sotainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "sotaisa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "martial"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sabrʒolo",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "საბრძოლო"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "kriegerisch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "martialisch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "kampflustig"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "harci"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "háborús"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "marciális"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "badhbha"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "míleata"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "marziale"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "voen",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "воен"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "marcyan"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wojenny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "marcial"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "bélico"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vojénnyj",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "вое́нный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "marcial"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "krigslik"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "krigisk"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "martialisk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "savaşçıl"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vijsʹkóvyj",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "військо́вий"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vojénnyj",
"sense": "of, relating to, or suggestive of war — see also warlike",
"word": "воє́нний"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "voenen",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "военен"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "sota-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "sotilas-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "martial"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "soldatisch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "militärisch"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "hadi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "marcial"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vojénnyj",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "вое́нный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vóinskij",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "во́инский"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "relating to or connected with armed forces or military life",
"word": "askerî"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vojnstven",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "войнствен"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "sotilaallinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "martial"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "kriegerisch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "soldatisch"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "délceg"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "katonás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "harcias"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "bellax"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "marcial"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "soldadesco"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bojevój",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "боево́й"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vóinskij",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "во́инский"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "marcial"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "soldadesco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "castrense"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "characteristic of or befitting a warrior",
"word": "savaşçıl"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "containing",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "containing, or relating to iron",
"word": "rautapitoinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "containing, or relating to iron",
"word": "rauta-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "containing, or relating to iron",
"word": "raudan-"
}
],
"word": "martial"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ial",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"Middle English links with redundant alt parameters",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)ʃəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)ʃəl/2 syllables",
"en:Celestial inhabitants",
"en:Military"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Middle English martial",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "marcial",
"3": "marcial"
},
"expansion": "marcial",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mercial"
},
"expansion": "mercial",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "mercialle",
"t": "relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing"
},
"expansion": "mercialle (“relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French martial",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "martial",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "French martial (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "mārtiālis",
"t": "of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war"
},
"expansion": "Latin mārtiālis (“of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Mārtius",
"t": "of or pertaining to Mars"
},
"expansion": "Mārtius (“of or pertaining to Mars”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ālis",
"pos": "suffix forming adjectives of relationship"
},
"expansion": "-ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "marziale",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Italian marziale (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "marcial",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese marcial (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "marcial",
"t": "martial"
},
"expansion": "Spanish marcial (“martial”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English martial, marcial, mercial, mercialle (“relating to war, warlike; military; for use in fighting or warfare; brave, hardy; combative, fierce; ruthless, vicious; domineering, overbearing”), from Middle French martial (modern French martial (“martial”)), or directly from its etymon Latin mārtiālis (“of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war”), from Mārtius (“of or pertaining to Mars”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship). The English word is cognate with Italian marziale (“martial”), Portuguese marcial (“martial”), Spanish marcial (“martial”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "martials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "martial (plural martials)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"mart‧ial"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1850, Eugène Sue, “The Conversation”, in Charles Rochford, transl., The Mysteries of Paris, Translated from the French, London: Charles Daly, […], →OCLC, part II, page 213",
"text": "The martials (this is the name of my pirates) will pass in her eyes for an honest family of fishermen; I will go on your account, and make two or three visits to your young lady; I will order her certain potions, and at the end of eight days she will make acquaintance with the cemetery of Asnieres.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A soldier, a warrior."
],
"links": [
[
"soldier",
"soldier#Noun"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A soldier, a warrior."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"en:Astrology"
],
"glosses": [
"A celestial object under the astrological influence of the planet Mars."
],
"links": [
[
"astrology",
"astrology"
],
[
"celestial object",
"celestial object"
],
[
"astrological",
"astrological"
],
[
"influence",
"influence#Noun"
],
[
"planet",
"planet"
],
[
"Mars",
"Mars"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astrology, obsolete) A celestial object under the astrological influence of the planet Mars."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"astrology",
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Science fiction"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1892, The Spectator: A Weekly Review of Politics, Literature, Theology, and Art, volume LXIX, London: F. C. Westley, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 218, column 2",
"text": "The Martials, if there be Martials in any sense in which there are terrestrials on our own planet, may have no eyes at all; their whole civilisation, if they have say, may depend on senses of which we have absolutely no trace, [...]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Martian (“inhabitant of the planet Mars”)"
],
"links": [
[
"science fiction",
"science fiction"
],
[
"Martian",
"Martian#English"
],
[
"inhabitant",
"inhabitant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly science fiction, obsolete) Synonym of Martian (“inhabitant of the planet Mars”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "inhabitant of the planet Mars",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Martian"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"science-fiction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑːʃəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑɹʃəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)ʃəl"
},
{
"homophone": "marshal"
},
{
"homophone": "Martial"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-martial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-martial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-martial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-martial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-martial.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "synonym of Martian",
"word": "Martial"
}
],
"word": "martial"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.