See lithography in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for lithography meaning in English (9.3kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Lithographie"
},
"expansion": "German Lithographie",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λίθος",
"3": "γράφειν",
"gloss1": "stone",
"gloss2": "to write",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "λίθος (líthos, “stone”) + γράφειν (gráphein, “to write”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "litho-",
"3": "-graphy"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, litho- + -graphy",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Lithographie, from λίθος (líthos, “stone”) + γράφειν (gráphein, “to write”). Originally the printing surface was a flat piece of limestone that was treated with grease to form a surface that would selectively transfer ink to the paper; the stone has now been replaced, in general, with a metal plate. By surface analysis, litho- + -graphy.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lithographies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "lithography (countable and uncountable, plural lithographies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with litho-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -graphy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Printing",
"orig": "en:Printing",
"parents": [
"Industries",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chromolithography"
},
{
"word": "lithograph"
},
{
"word": "photolithography"
},
{
"word": "soft lithography"
},
{
"word": "stereolithography"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process of printing an image by drawing the image with a water-repellent material onto a hard, flat surface (typically metal), then copying the surface by applying water and ink (or the equivalent) to it and pressing another material against it."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "offset printing"
},
{
"word": "photolithography"
}
],
"id": "en-lithography-en-noun-xKLGLaqL",
"links": [
[
"printing",
"printing"
],
[
"draw",
"draw"
],
[
"water-repellent",
"water-repellent"
],
[
"copy",
"copy"
],
[
"water",
"water"
],
[
"ink",
"ink"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "الطباعة الحجرية"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vimagrutʻyun",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "վիմագրություն"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "litahráfija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "літагра́фія"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "litografija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литография"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "píngbǎn yìnshuā",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "平版印刷"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografie"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamenotisk"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lithografie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litograafia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "kivipaino"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lithographie"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografía"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "litograpia",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "ლითოგრაფია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lithografie"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lithographie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "lithografía",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθογραφία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hidpís éven",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "הדפס אבן"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litográfia"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "steinþrykk"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "liteagrafaíocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ritogurafu",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "リトグラフ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "səylaa leekʰ",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "សិលាលេខន៍"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seokpan inswae",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "석판 인쇄"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litogrāfija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "litografija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литографија"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "litografya",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "لیتوغرافیا"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "čâp-e sangi",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "چاپ سنگی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "litográfija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литогра́фия"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leac-sgrìobhadh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "литогра̀фија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "litogràfija"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografía"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "pâap-pá-pim-hĭn",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "ภาพพิมพ์หิน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "taş baskı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografya"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "litohrafija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "літографія"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "in thạch bản"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "in li-tô"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "in đá"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪθˈɒɡɹəfi/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡɹəfi"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-lithography.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-lithography.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-lithography.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-lithography.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-lithography.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "lithography"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "chromolithography"
},
{
"word": "lithograph"
},
{
"word": "photolithography"
},
{
"word": "soft lithography"
},
{
"word": "stereolithography"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Lithographie"
},
"expansion": "German Lithographie",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λίθος",
"3": "γράφειν",
"gloss1": "stone",
"gloss2": "to write",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "λίθος (líthos, “stone”) + γράφειν (gráphein, “to write”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "litho-",
"3": "-graphy"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, litho- + -graphy",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Lithographie, from λίθος (líthos, “stone”) + γράφειν (gráphein, “to write”). Originally the printing surface was a flat piece of limestone that was treated with grease to form a surface that would selectively transfer ink to the paper; the stone has now been replaced, in general, with a metal plate. By surface analysis, litho- + -graphy.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lithographies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "lithography (countable and uncountable, plural lithographies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 4-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms prefixed with litho-",
"English terms suffixed with -graphy",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡɹəfi",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡɹəfi/4 syllables",
"en:Printing"
],
"glosses": [
"The process of printing an image by drawing the image with a water-repellent material onto a hard, flat surface (typically metal), then copying the surface by applying water and ink (or the equivalent) to it and pressing another material against it."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "offset printing"
},
{
"word": "photolithography"
}
],
"links": [
[
"printing",
"printing"
],
[
"draw",
"draw"
],
[
"water-repellent",
"water-repellent"
],
[
"copy",
"copy"
],
[
"water",
"water"
],
[
"ink",
"ink"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪθˈɒɡɹəfi/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡɹəfi"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-lithography.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-lithography.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-lithography.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-lithography.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-lithography.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "الطباعة الحجرية"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vimagrutʻyun",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "վիմագրություն"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "litahráfija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "літагра́фія"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "litografija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литография"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "píngbǎn yìnshuā",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "平版印刷"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografie"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamenotisk"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lithografie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litograafia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "kivipaino"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lithographie"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografía"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "litograpia",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "ლითოგრაფია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lithografie"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lithographie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "lithografía",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθογραφία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hidpís éven",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "הדפס אבן"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litográfia"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "steinþrykk"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "liteagrafaíocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ritogurafu",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "リトグラフ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "səylaa leekʰ",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "សិលាលេខន៍"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seokpan inswae",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "석판 인쇄"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litogrāfija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "litografija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литографија"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "litografya",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "لیتوغرافیا"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "čâp-e sangi",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "چاپ سنگی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "litográfija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литогра́фия"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leac-sgrìobhadh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "литогра̀фија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "litogràfija"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografía"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "pâap-pá-pim-hĭn",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "ภาพพิมพ์หิน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "taş baskı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografya"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "litohrafija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "літографія"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "in thạch bản"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "in li-tô"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "in đá"
}
],
"word": "lithography"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.