See lithography in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"etymology_text": "From German Lithographie, from λίθος (líthos, “stone”) + γράφειν (gráphein, “to write”). Originally the printing surface was a flat piece of limestone that was treated with grease to form a surface that would selectively transfer ink to the paper; the stone has now been replaced, in general, with a metal plate. By surface analysis, litho- + -graphy.",
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{
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Printing",
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"derived": [
{
"word": "chromolithography"
},
{
"word": "lithograph"
},
{
"word": "offset lithography"
},
{
"word": "photolithography"
},
{
"word": "soft lithography"
},
{
"word": "stereolithography"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process of printing an image by drawing the image with a water-repellent material onto a hard, flat surface (typically metal), then copying the surface by applying water and ink (or the equivalent) to it and pressing another material against it."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "offset printing"
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{
"word": "photolithography"
}
],
"id": "en-lithography-en-noun-xKLGLaqL",
"links": [
[
"printing",
"printing"
],
[
"draw",
"draw"
],
[
"water-repellent",
"water-repellent"
],
[
"copy",
"copy"
],
[
"water",
"water"
],
[
"ink",
"ink"
]
],
"tags": [
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"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "الطباعة الحجرية"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vimagrutʻyun",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "վիմագրություն"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "litahráfija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "літагра́фія"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "litografija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литография"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "píngbǎn yìnshuā",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "平版印刷"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografie"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamenotisk"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lithografie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litograafia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "kivipaino"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lithographie"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografía"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "litograpia",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "ლითოგრაფია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lithografie"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lithographie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "lithografía",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθογραφία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hidpís éven",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "הדפס אבן"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litográfia"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "steinþrykk"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "liteagrafaíocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ritogurafu",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "リトグラフ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "səylaa leekʰ",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "សិលាលេខន៍"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seokpan inswae",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "석판 인쇄"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litogrāfija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "litografija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литографија"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "litografya",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "لیتوغرافیا"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "čâp-e sangi",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "چاپ سنگی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "litográfija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литогра́фия"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leac-sgrìobhadh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "литогра̀фија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "litogràfija"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografía"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "pâap-pá-pim-hĭn",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "ภาพพิมพ์หิน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "taş baskı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografya"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "litohrafija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "літографія"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "in thạch bản"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "in li-tô"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "in đá"
}
]
}
],
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},
{
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}
],
"word": "lithography"
}
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"3": "γράφειν",
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],
"etymology_text": "From German Lithographie, from λίθος (líthos, “stone”) + γράφειν (gráphein, “to write”). Originally the printing surface was a flat piece of limestone that was treated with grease to form a surface that would selectively transfer ink to the paper; the stone has now been replaced, in general, with a metal plate. By surface analysis, litho- + -graphy.",
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"pos": "noun",
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"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
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"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
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"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
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"Terms with Persian translations",
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"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Printing"
],
"glosses": [
"The process of printing an image by drawing the image with a water-repellent material onto a hard, flat surface (typically metal), then copying the surface by applying water and ink (or the equivalent) to it and pressing another material against it."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "offset printing"
},
{
"word": "photolithography"
}
],
"links": [
[
"printing",
"printing"
],
[
"draw",
"draw"
],
[
"water-repellent",
"water-repellent"
],
[
"copy",
"copy"
],
[
"water",
"water"
],
[
"ink",
"ink"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪθˈɒɡɹəfi/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-lithography.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-lithography.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-lithography.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-lithography.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-lithography.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡɹəfi"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "الطباعة الحجرية"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vimagrutʻyun",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "վիմագրություն"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "litahráfija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "літагра́фія"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "litografija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литография"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "píngbǎn yìnshuā",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "平版印刷"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografie"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamenotisk"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lithografie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litograafia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "kivipaino"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lithographie"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografía"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "litograpia",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "ლითოგრაფია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lithografie"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lithographie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "lithografía",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθογραφία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hidpís éven",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "הדפס אבן"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litográfia"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "steinþrykk"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "liteagrafaíocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ritogurafu",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "リトグラフ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "səylaa leekʰ",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "សិលាលេខន៍"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seokpan inswae",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "석판 인쇄"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litogrāfija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "litografija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литографија"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "litografya",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "لیتوغرافیا"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "čâp-e sangi",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "چاپ سنگی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "litográfija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "литогра́фия"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leac-sgrìobhadh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "литогра̀фија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "litogràfija"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografia"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "litografía"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "pâap-pá-pim-hĭn",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "ภาพพิมพ์หิน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "taş baskı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografi"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "litografya"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "litohrafija",
"sense": "printing method",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "літографія"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "in thạch bản"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "in li-tô"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "printing method",
"word": "in đá"
}
],
"word": "lithography"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lithography meaning in English (10.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.