See libertarian in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"text": "[W]here is the difference betvveen the Libertarian, vvho ſays that the mind chuſes the motive; and the Neceſſarian, vvho aſſerts that the motive determines the mind; if the volition be the neceſſary reſult of all the previous circumſtances?",
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"ref": "1973, Eugene Lunn, “The Romantic as Socialist”, in Prophet of Community: The Romantic Socialism of Gustav Landauer, Berkeley; Los Angeles, Calif.; London: University of California Press, →ISBN, page 200:",
"text": "[Gustav] Landauer's reorientation of anarchist theory and practice in the direction of idealist and völkisch thought was often incomprehensible to the more traditional libertarians, and in the period of the second Sozialist Landauer no longer felt entirely comfortable with the simple \"anarchist\" label. For Landauer anarchism and socialism had always been different expressions of the same view; now he regarded anarchism as \"merely the negative side of what is positively called socialism.\"",
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"text": "While anarchism and socialist libertarians have a rich history of revolutionary thinkers ranging from Emma Goldman to George Orwell, the best-known socialist libertarian thinker of today is probably Noam Chomsky.",
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"pos": "noun",
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{
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{
"word": "antilibertarian"
},
{
"word": "nonlibertarian"
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],
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
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{
"text": "civil libertarian ― one who favours civil liberties",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "cultural libertarian ― one who favours cultural freedom",
"type": "example"
}
],
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"One who advocates liberty, either generally or in relation to a specific issue."
],
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"word": "anarchist"
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"word": "eleutheromaniac"
}
]
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"en:Philosophy"
],
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{
"ref": "1789, [William Belsham], “Essay I. On Liberty and Necessity.”, in Essays, Philosophical, Historical, and Literary, London: […] C[harles] Dilly, […], →OCLC, page 11:",
"text": "[W]here is the difference betvveen the Libertarian, vvho ſays that the mind chuſes the motive; and the Neceſſarian, vvho aſſerts that the motive determines the mind; if the volition be the neceſſary reſult of all the previous circumſtances?",
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],
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]
},
{
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"word": "antilibertarian"
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{
"word": "nonlibertarian"
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"English terms with quotations",
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"en:Politics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1973, Eugene Lunn, “The Romantic as Socialist”, in Prophet of Community: The Romantic Socialism of Gustav Landauer, Berkeley; Los Angeles, Calif.; London: University of California Press, →ISBN, page 200:",
"text": "[Gustav] Landauer's reorientation of anarchist theory and practice in the direction of idealist and völkisch thought was often incomprehensible to the more traditional libertarians, and in the period of the second Sozialist Landauer no longer felt entirely comfortable with the simple \"anarchist\" label. For Landauer anarchism and socialism had always been different expressions of the same view; now he regarded anarchism as \"merely the negative side of what is positively called socialism.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Jennifer D. Carlson, “Libertarianism”, in edited by Wilbur R. Miller, The Social History of Crime and Punishment in America: An Encyclopedia, Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, →ISBN, page 1008, column 1:",
"text": "While anarchism and socialist libertarians have a rich history of revolutionary thinkers ranging from Emma Goldman to George Orwell, the best-known socialist libertarian thinker of today is probably Noam Chomsky.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"An antiauthoritarian believer in left-libertarianism, a political doctrine that stresses both individual freedom and social equality, and advocates shared ownership of natural resources."
],
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[
"natural resource",
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],
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"(chiefly Ireland, UK) An antiauthoritarian believer in left-libertarianism, a political doctrine that stresses both individual freedom and social equality, and advocates shared ownership of natural resources."
],
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},
{
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{
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"en:Politics"
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"One who advocates libertarianism (“a political philosophy maintaining that all persons are the absolute owners of their own lives, and should be free to do whatever they wish with their persons or property, provided they allow others that same liberty”); also, a member of a political party supporting libertarianism.",
"A believer in right-libertarianism, a political doctrine that emphasizes individual liberty and a lack of governmental intervention, oversight, and regulation, both in economic matters (that is, a belief in the free market) and in personal behaviour provided that no one's rights are threatened or violated."
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"(chiefly US) A believer in right-libertarianism, a political doctrine that emphasizes individual liberty and a lack of governmental intervention, oversight, and regulation, both in economic matters (that is, a belief in the free market) and in personal behaviour provided that no one's rights are threatened or violated."
],
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"US"
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]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ˌlɪb.əˈtɛə.ɹɪ.ən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ɹj-/",
"tags": [
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]
},
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"word": "Libertarian"
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"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"word": "行動自由論者"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xíngdòngzìyóulùnzhě",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"word": "行动自由论者"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"word": "自由意志主義者"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìyóuyìzhìzhǔyìzhě",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"word": "自由意志主义者"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"word": "liberecano"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"word": "libertaristi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "libertaire"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libertario"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "libertaria"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "liberṭarianeli",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"word": "ლიბერტარიანელი"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"word": "libertárius"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libertario"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "libertaria"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "slobodar",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "слободар"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libertário"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "libertária"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "libertario"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one who advocates liberty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "libertaria"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "believer in the freedom of thinking beings to choose their own destiny",
"word": "libertarianisti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one who advocates libertarianism",
"word": "libertaari"
}
],
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"Joseph Déjacque",
"Leonard Read",
"Pierre-Joseph Proudhon",
"William Belsham",
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],
"word": "libertarian"
}
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"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Anarchism",
"en:Libertarianism",
"en:People",
"en:Politics"
],
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{
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{
"word": "liberaltarian"
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{
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{
"word": "libertarian communist"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"lang_code": "en",
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"text": "He has libertarian views.",
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"ref": "2012 January, Steven Sloman, “The Battle Between Intuition and Deliberation [review of Thinking, Fast and Slow (2011) by Daniel Kahneman]”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, New Haven, Conn.: Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-06-12, page 74:",
"text": "Libertarian paternalism is the view that, because the way options are presented to citizens affects what they choose, society should present options in a way that \"nudges\" our intuitive selves to make choices that are more consistent with what our more deliberative selves would have chosen if they were in control.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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],
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]
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{
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],
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],
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},
{
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{
"text": "a libertarian capitalist",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1991, Peter H[ugh] Marshall, “The Relevance of Anarchism”, in Demanding the Impossible: A History of Anarchism, London: Harper Perennial, published 2008, →ISBN, part 7 (The Legacy of Anarchism), page 641:",
"text": "For a long time, libertarian was interchangeable in France with anarchist but in recent years, its meaning has become more ambivalent. Some anarchists like David Guérin will call themselves ‘libertarian socialists’, partly to avoid the negative overtones still associated with anarchism, and partly to stress the place of anarchism with the socialist tradition. Even Marxists of the New Left like E[dward] P[almer] Thompson call themselves ‘libertarian’ to distinguish themselves from those authoritarian socialists and communists who believe in revolutionary dictatorship and vanguard parties.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016 January 13, Ben Jacobs, “Ron Paul criticizes Cruz's absence from Fed vote in support of son's campaign”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-27:",
"text": "Rand Paul's presidential campaign has drafted in his father, libertarian icon Ron Paul, to directly attack Republican rival Ted Cruz in a robocall in Iowa, the first time the former presidential candidate has gone on the offensive on his son’s behalf.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017, Angela Nagle, “The Leaderless Digital Counter-revolution”, in Kill All Normies: The Online Culture Wars from Tumblr and 4chan to the Alt-right and Trump, Alresford, Hampshire: Zero Books, John Hunt Publishing, →ISBN, page 13:",
"text": "Anonymous activities have over the years leaned incoherently to the libertarian left and right, and everything in between, singling out everyone from Justin Bieber fans to feminists, fascists, cybersecurity specialists, and engaged in the kind of pervert-exposing vigilantism that blue-collar tabloid readers have long been mocked for.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(originally US, politics) Relating to, or advocating, libertarianism; also, relating to a political party supporting libertarianism."
],
"topics": [
"government",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɪb.əˈtɛə.ɹɪ.ən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ɹj-/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Rho9998-libertarian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/ba/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Rho9998-libertarian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Rho9998-libertarian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/ba/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Rho9998-libertarian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Rho9998-libertarian.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-libertarian.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-libertarian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-libertarian.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-libertarian.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-libertarian.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɪb.əɹˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɪb.ɪˈteː.ɹɪ.ən/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ɹj-/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "relating to a political party",
"word": "Libertarian"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "advocating liberty; having a relative tendency towards liberty",
"word": "libertaristinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to the doctrine of free will as opposed to the doctrine of necessity",
"word": "libertarianistinen"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìyóu de",
"sense": "relating to, or advocating, libertarianism; relating to a political party supporting libertarianism",
"word": "自由的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "relating to, or advocating, libertarianism; relating to a political party supporting libertarianism",
"word": "自由論者的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìyóu lùnzhě de",
"sense": "relating to, or advocating, libertarianism; relating to a political party supporting libertarianism",
"word": "自由论者的"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to, or advocating, libertarianism; relating to a political party supporting libertarianism",
"word": "libertaari"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to, or advocating, libertarianism; relating to a political party supporting libertarianism",
"word": "libertaarinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "relating to, or advocating, libertarianism; relating to a political party supporting libertarianism",
"word": "libertaire"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "liberṭarianuli",
"sense": "relating to, or advocating, libertarianism; relating to a political party supporting libertarianism",
"word": "ლიბერტარიანული"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "libertariandyq",
"sense": "relating to, or advocating, libertarianism; relating to a political party supporting libertarianism",
"word": "либертариандық"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "libertarianşyl",
"sense": "relating to, or advocating, libertarianism; relating to a political party supporting libertarianism",
"word": "либертарианшыл"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Foundation for Economic Education",
"Joseph Déjacque",
"Leonard Read",
"Pierre-Joseph Proudhon",
"William Belsham",
"lois scélérates"
],
"word": "libertarian"
}
Download raw JSONL data for libertarian meaning in English (27.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d49d402 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.