See layman in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cleric"
},
{
"word": "priest"
},
{
"word": "monk"
},
{
"word": "friar"
},
{
"word": "expert"
},
{
"word": "specialist"
},
{
"word": "professional"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in layman's terms"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Middle English layman",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lay",
"3": "man",
"t1": "non-clergy"
},
"expansion": "lay (“non-clergy”) + man",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "lēkmann"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian lēkmann",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "leekeman",
"t": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Dutch leekeman (“layman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "leihman",
"t": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Old High German leihman (“layman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "lægmand",
"t": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Danish lægmand (“layman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lekman",
"t": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Swedish lekman (“layman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "lekmann",
"t": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian lekmann (“layman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "leikmaður",
"t": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic leikmaður (“layman”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English layman, lay man, equivalent to lay (“non-clergy”) + man. Cognate with Old Frisian lēkmann, lēkmonn (“layman”), obsolete Dutch leekeman (“layman”), Old High German leihman (“layman”), Danish lægmand (“layman”), Swedish lekman (“layman”), Norwegian lekmann (“layman”), Icelandic leikmaður (“layman”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "laymen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "laymen"
},
"expansion": "layman (plural laymen)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "laity"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 22 0 22 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Layperson, someone who is not an ordained cleric or member of the clergy."
],
"id": "en-layman-en-noun-cRmSTQdK",
"links": [
[
"Layperson",
"layperson"
],
[
"cleric",
"cleric"
],
[
"clergy",
"clergy"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "leek"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mirjanin",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "мирянин"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sújiā",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "俗家"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "píngxìntú",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"topics": [
"Christianity"
],
"word": "平信徒"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laik"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lægmand"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "lægfolk"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leek"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "laiko"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "maallikko"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laïc"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Laie"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "laïkós",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λαϊκός"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "laikus"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leikmaður"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tuata"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "neamheaglaiseach"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "laico"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profano"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"alt": "ぞくじん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "zokujin",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "俗人"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"alt": "ひらしんと",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hirashinto",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"topics": [
"Christianity"
],
"word": "平信徒"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mírjanin",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ми́рјанин"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "theayagh"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "reimana"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "lay man"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "lewed man"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lekmann"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lekmann"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lǣwed"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laik"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "laico"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "leigo"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "rgn",
"lang": "Romagnol",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "làic"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "rgn",
"lang": "Romagnol",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lêic"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mirjánin",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "миря́нин"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "световњак"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ла̀ик"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "svetovnjak"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "làik"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laik"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "laička"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laico"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lego"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lekman"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 29 4 12 10",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "mi sku",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "མི་སྐུ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Carmen is not a professional anthropologist, but strictly a layman.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Let me explain it to you [[in layman's terms|in layman's terms]].",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Someone who is not a professional in a given field."
],
"id": "en-layman-en-noun-ZAonb0TX",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) Someone who is not a professional in a given field."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ljubitel",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "любител"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "laik",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лаик"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laik"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amatér"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lægmand"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "lægfolk"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leek"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"word": "laiko"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"word": "maallikko"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "profane"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Laie"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "erasitéchnis",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ερασιτέχνης"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "erasitéchnis",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ερασιτέχνις"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hedyot",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "הדיוט"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"word": "laikus"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leikmaður"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"word": "awam"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duine gan foghlaim"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gnáthdhuine"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tuata"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profano"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ljúbitel",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "љу́бител"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "láik",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ла́ик"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "diletánt",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дилета́нт"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "theayagh"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"word": "lewed man"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lekmann"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lekmann"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laik"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profano"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leigo"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ljubítelʹ",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "люби́тель"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "diletánt",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дилета́нт"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nespecialíst",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "неспециали́ст"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "profán",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "профа́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ла̀ик"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "làik"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laik"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 75 2 6 5",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "laička"
},
{
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{
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{
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}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A common person."
],
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},
{
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{
"ref": "2005, Plato, translated by Lesley Brown, Sophist, page 221d:",
"text": "should he be held to be just a layman, or does he have some art?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is untrained or lacks knowledge of a subject."
],
"id": "en-layman-en-noun-elPqLovf"
},
{
"glosses": [
"Lay-sister or lay-brother, person received into a convent of monks, following the vows, but not being member of the order."
],
"id": "en-layman-en-noun-wQGBVY~c"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈleɪmən/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-layman.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/En-us-layman.ogg/En-us-layman.ogg.mp3",
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{
"rhymes": "-eɪmən"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"layman"
],
"word": "layman"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cleric"
},
{
"word": "priest"
},
{
"word": "monk"
},
{
"word": "friar"
},
{
"word": "expert"
},
{
"word": "specialist"
},
{
"word": "professional"
}
],
"categories": [
"English adjective-noun compound nouns",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -man",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
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"Rhymes:English/eɪmən",
"Rhymes:English/eɪmən/2 syllables",
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"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
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"Terms with Romagnol translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
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"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "in layman's terms"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Middle English layman",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lay",
"3": "man",
"t1": "non-clergy"
},
"expansion": "lay (“non-clergy”) + man",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "lēkmann"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian lēkmann",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "leekeman",
"t": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Dutch leekeman (“layman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "leihman",
"t": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Old High German leihman (“layman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "lægmand",
"t": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Danish lægmand (“layman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lekman",
"t": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Swedish lekman (“layman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "lekmann",
"t": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian lekmann (“layman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "leikmaður",
"t": "layman"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic leikmaður (“layman”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English layman, lay man, equivalent to lay (“non-clergy”) + man. Cognate with Old Frisian lēkmann, lēkmonn (“layman”), obsolete Dutch leekeman (“layman”), Old High German leihman (“layman”), Danish lægmand (“layman”), Swedish lekman (“layman”), Norwegian lekmann (“layman”), Icelandic leikmaður (“layman”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "laymen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "laymen"
},
"expansion": "layman (plural laymen)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "laity"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Layperson, someone who is not an ordained cleric or member of the clergy."
],
"links": [
[
"Layperson",
"layperson"
],
[
"cleric",
"cleric"
],
[
"clergy",
"clergy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Carmen is not a professional anthropologist, but strictly a layman.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Let me explain it to you [[in layman's terms|in layman's terms]].",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Someone who is not a professional in a given field."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) Someone who is not a professional in a given field."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A common person."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Plato, translated by Lesley Brown, Sophist, page 221d:",
"text": "should he be held to be just a layman, or does he have some art?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is untrained or lacks knowledge of a subject."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Lay-sister or lay-brother, person received into a convent of monks, following the vows, but not being member of the order."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈleɪmən/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-layman.ogg",
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{
"rhymes": "-eɪmən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "leek"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mirjanin",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "мирянин"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sújiā",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "俗家"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "píngxìntú",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"topics": [
"Christianity"
],
"word": "平信徒"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laik"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lægmand"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "lægfolk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leek"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "laiko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "maallikko"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laïc"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Laie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "laïkós",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λαϊκός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "laikus"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leikmaður"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tuata"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "neamheaglaiseach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "laico"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profano"
},
{
"alt": "ぞくじん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "zokujin",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "俗人"
},
{
"alt": "ひらしんと",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hirashinto",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"topics": [
"Christianity"
],
"word": "平信徒"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mírjanin",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ми́рјанин"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "theayagh"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "reimana"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "lay man"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "lewed man"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lekmann"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lekmann"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lǣwed"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laik"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "laico"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "leigo"
},
{
"code": "rgn",
"lang": "Romagnol",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "làic"
},
{
"code": "rgn",
"lang": "Romagnol",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lêic"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mirjánin",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "миря́нин"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "световњак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ла̀ик"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "svetovnjak"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "làik"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laik"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "laička"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lego"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lekman"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "mi sku",
"sense": "someone who is not an ordained cleric",
"word": "མི་སྐུ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ljubitel",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "любител"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "laik",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лаик"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laik"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amatér"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lægmand"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "lægfolk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leek"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"word": "laiko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"word": "maallikko"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "profane"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Laie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "erasitéchnis",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ερασιτέχνης"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "erasitéchnis",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ερασιτέχνις"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hedyot",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "הדיוט"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"word": "laikus"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leikmaður"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"word": "awam"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duine gan foghlaim"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gnáthdhuine"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tuata"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profano"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ljúbitel",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "љу́бител"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "láik",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ла́ик"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "diletánt",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дилета́нт"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "theayagh"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"word": "lewed man"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lekmann"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lekmann"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laik"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profano"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leigo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ljubítelʹ",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "люби́тель"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "diletánt",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дилета́нт"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nespecialíst",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "неспециали́ст"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "profán",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "профа́н"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ла̀ик"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "làik"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "laik"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "laička"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amatér"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "profano"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lego"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aficionado"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "someone who is not a professional in a given field",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lekman"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"layman"
],
"word": "layman"
}
Download raw JSONL data for layman meaning in English (17.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.