See irk in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "irken",
"4": "",
"5": "to tire, grow weary"
},
"expansion": "Middle English irken (“to tire, grow weary”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "yrkja",
"4": "",
"5": "to work"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wurkijaną",
"4": "",
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"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
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"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
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"4": "to compose"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "yrka",
"3": "",
"4": "to urge, argue"
},
"expansion": "Swedish yrka (“to urge, argue”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
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"3": "",
"4": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Old English wyrċan (“to work”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English irken (“to tire, grow weary”), from Old Norse yrkja (“to work”), from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to work”). Cognate with Icelandic yrkja (“to compose”), Swedish yrka (“to urge, argue”), Old English wyrċan (“to work”). More at work.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "irking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "irked",
"tags": [
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"past"
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{
"form": "irked",
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}
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"expansion": "irk (third-person singular simple present irks, present participle irking, simple past and past participle irked)",
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"pos": "verb",
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{
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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{
"kind": "other",
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{
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],
"derived": [
{
"word": "irksome"
},
{
"word": "irky"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It irks me doing all this work and have someone wreck it.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Let no man pray to Māna-Yood-Sushāī, for who shall trouble Māna with mortal woes or irk him with the sorrows of all the houses of Earth?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to irritate; annoy; bother"
],
"id": "en-irk-en-verb-h~7D6kmE",
"links": [
[
"irritate",
"irritate"
],
[
"annoy",
"annoy"
],
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"bother",
"bother"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to irritate; annoy; bother"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
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"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezpokoja",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "безпокоя"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smuštavam",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "смущавам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dosaždam",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "досаждам"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "veksya"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rozčilovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "štvát"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dopalovat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "ärsyttää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "agacer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "irriter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "ärgern"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "bosszant"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "infastidire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "irritare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "seccare"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "piget"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "taedet"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "hakirara"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "whakahōhā"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "whakakūrakuraku"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "rangirangi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "whakatōwenewene"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "irritere"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "plage"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "drażnić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "aborrecer"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razdražátʹ",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "раздража́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "fastidiar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-irk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ca/En-us-irk.ogg/En-us-irk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/En-us-irk.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"word": "irk"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "irksome"
},
{
"word": "irky"
}
],
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"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "irken",
"4": "",
"5": "to tire, grow weary"
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"3": "yrkja",
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"name": "der"
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "yrkja",
"3": "",
"4": "to compose"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic yrkja (“to compose”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "yrka",
"3": "",
"4": "to urge, argue"
},
"expansion": "Swedish yrka (“to urge, argue”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wyrċan",
"3": "",
"4": "to work"
},
"expansion": "Old English wyrċan (“to work”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English irken (“to tire, grow weary”), from Old Norse yrkja (“to work”), from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną (“to work”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to work”). Cognate with Icelandic yrkja (“to compose”), Swedish yrka (“to urge, argue”), Old English wyrċan (“to work”). More at work.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "irking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "irked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "irked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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"expansion": "irk (third-person singular simple present irks, present participle irking, simple past and past participle irked)",
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
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"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
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"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It irks me doing all this work and have someone wreck it.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Let no man pray to Māna-Yood-Sushāī, for who shall trouble Māna with mortal woes or irk him with the sorrows of all the houses of Earth?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to irritate; annoy; bother"
],
"links": [
[
"irritate",
"irritate"
],
[
"annoy",
"annoy"
],
[
"bother",
"bother"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to irritate; annoy; bother"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-irk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ca/En-us-irk.ogg/En-us-irk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/En-us-irk.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezpokoja",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "безпокоя"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smuštavam",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "смущавам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dosaždam",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "досаждам"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "veksya"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rozčilovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "štvát"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dopalovat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "ärsyttää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "agacer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "irriter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "ärgern"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "bosszant"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "infastidire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "irritare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "seccare"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "piget"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "taedet"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "hakirara"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "whakahōhā"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "whakakūrakuraku"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "rangirangi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "whakatōwenewene"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "irritere"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "plage"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "drażnić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "aborrecer"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razdražátʹ",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "раздража́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to irritate; annoy; bother",
"word": "fastidiar"
}
],
"word": "irk"
}
Download raw JSONL data for irk meaning in English (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.